''Cantharellus cibarius'' (
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...
: ''cantharellus'', "
chanterelle
Chanterelle is the common name of several species of fungi in the genera '' Cantharellus'', '' Craterellus'', '' Gomphus'', and ''Polyozellus''. They are among the most popular of wild edible mushrooms. They are orange, yellow or white, meaty a ...
"; ''cibarius'', "culinary") is a species of golden chanterelle mushroom in the genus ''
Cantharellus
''Cantharellus'' is a genus of popular edible mushrooms, commonly known as chanterelles, a name which can also refer to the type species, ''Cantharellus cibarius''. They are mycorrhizal fungi, meaning they form symbiotic associations with plants ...
''. It is also known as girolle (or ''girole'').
It grows in
Europe
Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia ...
from
Scandinavia
Scandinavia; Sámi languages: /. ( ) is a subregion#Europe, subregion in Northern Europe, with strong historical, cultural, and linguistic ties between its constituent peoples. In English usage, ''Scandinavia'' most commonly refers to Denmark, ...
to the
Mediterranean Basin
In biogeography, the Mediterranean Basin (; also known as the Mediterranean Region or sometimes Mediterranea) is the region of lands around the Mediterranean Sea that have mostly a Mediterranean climate, with mild to cool, rainy winters and w ...
, mainly in
deciduous
In the fields of horticulture and Botany, the term ''deciduous'' () means "falling off at maturity" and "tending to fall off", in reference to trees and shrubs that seasonally shed leaves, usually in the autumn; to the shedding of petals, aft ...
and
coniferous forests
Conifers are a group of cone-bearing seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the division Pinophyta (), also known as Coniferophyta () or Coniferae. The division contains a single extant class, Pinopsida. All extant ...
.
[ Due to its characteristic color and shape, it is easy to distinguish from mushrooms with potential ]toxicity
Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a subst ...
that discourage human consumption. A commonly eaten and favored mushroom, the chanterelle is typically harvested from late summer to late fall in its European distribution.[
Chanterelles are used in many culinary dishes,][ and can be preserved by either drying or freezing. An oven should not be used when drying it because can result in the mushroom becoming bitter.][
]
Taxonomy
At one time, all yellow or golden chanterelles in North America had been classified as ''Cantharellus cibarius''. Using DNA analysis, they have since been shown to be a group of related species known as the ''Cantharellus cibarius'' group or species complex, with ''C. cibarius sensu stricto'' restricted to Europe.[ In 1997, the Pacific golden chanterelle ('' C. formosus'') and ''C. cibarius'' var. ''roseocanus'' were identified,]
Description
The mushroom is easy to detect and recognize in nature.[ The body is wide and tall. The color varies from yellow to dark yellow.][ Red spots will appear on the cap of the mushroom if it is damaged. Chanterelle mushrooms have a faint aroma and flavour of ]apricot
An apricot (, ) is a fruit, or the tree that bears the fruit, of several species in the genus ''Prunus''.
Usually, an apricot is from the species '' P. armeniaca'', but the fruits of the other species in ''Prunus'' sect. ''Armeniaca'' are also ...
s.[
Care should be taken not to confuse this species with the dangerously poisonous '']Omphalotus illudens
''Omphalotus illudens'', commonly known as the eastern jack-o'lantern mushroom, is a large, orange mushroom that is often found in clumps on decaying stumps, buried roots, or at the base of hardwood trees in eastern North America. Its gills of ...
''.
References
External links
*
{{Authority control
cibarius
Edible fungi
Fungi in cultivation
Fungi of Europe
Fungi described in 1821