''Canoparmelia roseoreagens'' is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling),

foliose lichen Foliose lichen is one of the morphological classes of lichens, which are complex organisms that arise from the symbiotic relationship between fungi and a photosynthetic partner, typically algae. This partnership allows lichen to live in diverse ...

in the family

Parmeliaceae The Parmeliaceae is a large and diverse family of Lecanoromycetes. With over 2700 species in 71 genera, it is the largest family of lichen-forming fungi. The most speciose genera in the family are the well-known groups: '' Xanthoparmelia'' ( 822 ...

Taxonomy

Found in Brazil, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by the lichenologists Marcelo Marcelli, Luciana da Silva Canêz, and John Elix. The

type specimen In biology, a type is a particular wiktionary:en:specimen, specimen (or in some cases a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally attached. In other words, a type is an example that serves to a ...

was collected from a

Brazilian pine ''Araucaria angustifolia'', the Paraná pine, Brazilian pine or candelabra tree (, or ), is a critically endangered species in the conifer genus ''Araucaria''. Although the common names in various languages refer to the species as a "pine", it do ...

forest in Fazenda da Estrela (

Vacaria Vacaria is a municipality in the northeast of the southern Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. It is located at a latitude of 28° 30' 44" South and a longitude of 50° 56' 02" west, with an altitude of 971 meters. Its population in 2020 was ...

Rio Grande do Sul Rio Grande do Sul (, , ; "Great River of the South") is a Federative units of Brazil, state in the South Region, Brazil, southern region of Brazil. It is the Federative_units_of_Brazil#List, fifth-most-populous state and the List of Brazilian st ...

) at an elevation of , where it was found growing on tree bark.

Description

This lichen has a greyish appearance and is sublaciniate, meaning it has irregularly branched that are adnate (attached) and contiguous (touching), with truncate apices and a smooth to margin. The upper surface is smooth and may have weak or absent , which are reticulate (net-like), more evident in the young parts and may form small cracks. There are no , or soredia. The

isidia An isidium is a vegetative reproductive structure present in some lichens. Isidia are outgrowths of the thallus surface, and are corticated (i.e., containing the outermost layer of the thallus), usually with a columnar structure, and consisting o ...

are the same colour as the thallus, cylindrical, and erect, ranging from simple to mostly , brown, and measuring 0.10–0.45 mm wide. The medulla is white and does not produce a purple pigment when treated with K. The lower surface is black to dark brown, slightly shiny, and rugose (wrinkled); the marginal zone is brown, shiny, and rugose (or sometimes ); the rhizines (root-like structures) are white, dark brown, or rarely black, simple to furcate (forked), 0.25–0.50 mm long, few to frequent, and almost evenly distributed. There are no apothecia (cup-like sexual reproductive structures) or pycnidia (small asexual reproductive structures). ''Canoparmelia roseoreagens'' contains several major lichen products: methyl olivetolcarboxylate, methyl divarinolcarboxylate, and eight unknown

depside A depside is a type of polyphenolic compound composed of two or more monocyclic aromatic units linked by an ester bond. Depsides are most often found in lichens, but have also been isolated from higher plants, including species of the Ericaceae, L ...

s that are

derivatives The derivative of a function is the rate of change of the function's output relative to its input value. Derivative may also refer to: In mathematics and economics * Brzozowski derivative in the theory of formal languages * Formal derivative, an ...

of norsekikaic acid, norhomosekikaic acid, and norhyperhomosekikaic acids. The species epithet ''roseoreagens'' refers to the C+ (rose) chemical spot test reaction observed on the medulla.

Habitat and distribution

Originally described from specimens collected in the Fazenda da Estrela in Northern Brazil, this corticolous (bark-dwelling) species has since been recorded from São Maurício ( Braço do Norte, Santa Catarina) in Southern Brazil.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q17387072 Parmeliaceae Lichen species Lichens described in 2009 Lichens of Brazil Taxa named by John Alan Elix