Kandyba or Candyba ( Hittite: 𒄭𒅔𒁺𒉿 ''Hinduwa'', Lycian: 𐊜𐊙𐊋𐊂𐊆 ''Xãkbi'', grc, Κάνδυβα, la, Candyba) was a settlement in ancient Lycia, in modern-day

Antalya province Antalya Province ( tr, ) is located on the Mediterranean coast of south-west Turkey, between the Taurus Mountains and the Mediterranean Sea. Antalya Province is the centre of Turkey's tourism industry, attracting 30% of foreign tourists visit ...

on the southwestern Mediterranean coast of

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...

. The modern Turkish village next to the ruins of ancient Kandyba is named Çataloluk.

Name

The name Kandyba is the Greek version of the Lycian name Khãkbi, which is a variation of the

Bronze Age The Bronze Age is a historic period, lasting approximately from 3300 BC to 1200 BC, characterized by the use of bronze, the presence of writing in some areas, and other early features of urban civilization. The Bronze Age is the second pri ...

Hittite name Hinduwa. According to Greek legends, it took its name from the

Candybus In Greek mythology, Candybus (Ancient Greek: Κάνδυβος) was a Phthian prince. Family Candybus was the son of the King Deucalion and Pyrrha, daughter of the Titan Epimetheus and Pandora. He was the possible brother of Hellen, Amphictyo ...

, son of Deucalion from

Greek mythology A major branch of classical mythology, Greek mythology is the body of myths originally told by the Ancient Greece, ancient Greeks, and a genre of Ancient Greek folklore. These stories concern the Cosmogony, origin and Cosmology#Metaphysical co ...

Geography

The ancient settlement is set on a hilltop high above the plain of Kasaba, 13 kilometres north of

Kaş Kaş (; el, Αντίφελλος, translit=Antífellos, translit-std=ISO) is a small fishing, diving, yachting and tourist town, and a district of Antalya Province of Turkey, 168 km west of the city of Antalya. As a tourist resort, it is re ...

. The modern village is located to the south of the ruins.

History

In antiquity, Candyba was one of the smaller cities of Lycia, but was an independent

polis ''Polis'' (, ; grc-gre, πόλις, ), plural ''poleis'' (, , ), literally means "city" in Greek. In Ancient Greece, it originally referred to an administrative and religious city center, as distinct from the rest of the city. Later, it also ...

with voting rights in the Lycian League and minted its own coins. Since it was in the

Roman province The Roman provinces (Latin: ''provincia'', pl. ''provinciae'') were the administrative regions of Ancient Rome outside Roman Italy that were controlled by the Romans under the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire. Each province was rule ...

of Lycia, the bishopric of Candyba was a

suffragan A suffragan bishop is a type of bishop in some Christian denominations. In the Anglican Communion, a suffragan bishop is a bishop who is subordinate to a metropolitan bishop or diocesan bishop (bishop ordinary) and so is not normally jurisdictiona ...

of the

metropolitan see Metropolitan may refer to: * Metropolitan area, a region consisting of a densely populated urban core and its less-populated surrounding territories * Metropolitan borough, a form of local government district in England * Metropolitan county, a t ...

Myra Myra ( grc, Μύρα, ''Mýra'') was a Lycian, then ancient Greek, then Greco-Roman, then Byzantine Greek, then Ottoman town in Lycia, which became the small Turkish town of Kale, renamed Demre in 2005, in the present-day Antalya Province of ...

, the province's capital. The names of two of its

bishop A bishop is an ordained clergy member who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance of dioceses. The role or office of bishop is ca ...

s are preserved in extant records. Constantinus took part in the

Second Council of Nicaea The Second Council of Nicaea is recognized as the last of the first seven ecumenical councils by the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Catholic Church. In addition, it is also recognized as such by the Old Catholics, the Anglican Communion, and ...

in 787; and Basilius was at the Photian Council of Constantinople (879). No longer a residential bishopric, Candyba is today listed by the

Catholic Church The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...

as a

titular see A titular see in various churches is an episcopal see of a former diocese that no longer functions, sometimes called a "dead diocese". The ordinary or hierarch of such a see may be styled a "titular metropolitan" (highest rank), "titular archbish ...

Archaeology

Some of the rock tombs are beautifully executed. One perfect inscription in Lycian characters was found. A coin procured on the spot from the peasantry had the letters KAND on it. Spratt's ''Lycia'', vol. i. p. 95.

References

* Martin Zimmermann: Untersuchungen zur historischen Landeskunde Zentrallykiens, Bonn 1992, pp. 56–61. * Hansgerd Hellenkemper, Friedrich Hild: Lykien und Pamphylien. Tabula Imperii Byzantini 8. Vienna 2004. Vol. 2, pp. 595–596. *

External links

Description and photos of Kandyba (in German)
{{coord, 36.321453, N, 29.679548, E, source:wikidata, display=title Archaeological sites in Antalya Province Hellenistic colonies in Anatolia Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Turkey Former populated places in Turkey Geography of Antalya Province Populated places in ancient Lycia Kaş District