Campogalliano (
Carpigiano: ) is a ''
comune
The (; plural: ) is a local administrative division of Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality. It is the third-level administrative division of Italy, after regions ('' regioni'') and provinces (''province''). The can also ...
'' (municipality) of 8.804 inhabitants in the
Province of Modena
The Province of Modena ( it, Provincia di Modena) is a province in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Modena.
It has an area of and a total population of about 701,000 (2015). There are 48 ''comuni'' (singular: ''co ...
in the
Italian
Italian(s) may refer to:
* Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries
** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom
** Italian language, a Romance language
*** Regional Ita ...
region
Emilia-Romagna
egl, Emigliàn (man) egl, Emiglièna (woman) rgn, Rumagnòl (man) rgn, Rumagnòla (woman) it, Emiliano (man) it, Emiliana (woman) or it, Romagnolo (man) it, Romagnola (woman)
, population_note =
, population_blank1_title ...
, located about northwest of
Bologna
Bologna (, , ; egl, label= Emilian, Bulåggna ; lat, Bononia) is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna region in Northern Italy. It is the seventh most populous city in Italy with about 400,000 inhabitants and 150 different nat ...
and about northwest of
Modena
Modena (, , ; egl, label=Emilian language#Dialects, Modenese, Mòdna ; ett, Mutna; la, Mutina) is a city and ''comune'' (municipality) on the south side of the Po Valley, in the Province of Modena in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern I ...
.
Campogalliano borders the following municipalities:
Carpi
Carpi may refer to:
Places
* Carpi, Emilia-Romagna, a large town in the province of Modena, central Italy
* Carpi (Africa), a city and former diocese of Roman Africa, now a Latin Catholic titular bishopric
People
* Carpi (people), an ancie ...
,
Correggio
Antonio Allegri da Correggio (August 1489 – 5 March 1534), usually known as just Correggio (, also , , ), was the foremost painter of the Parma school of the High Italian Renaissance, who was responsible for some of the most vigorous and sens ...
,
Modena
Modena (, , ; egl, label=Emilian language#Dialects, Modenese, Mòdna ; ett, Mutna; la, Mutina) is a city and ''comune'' (municipality) on the south side of the Po Valley, in the Province of Modena in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern I ...
,
Rubiera
Rubiera ( Reggiano: ) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Reggio Emilia in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located on the Via Emilia about northwest of Bologna and about southeast of Reggio Emilia.
History
The original name of t ...
,
San Martino in Rio
San Martino in Rio ( Reggiano: ) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Reggio Emilia in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about northwest of Bologna and about northeast of Reggio Emilia.
San Martino in Rio borders the foll ...
.
History
According to some studies, the first traces of settlements in Campogalliano date back to prehistoric age with the arrival of the
Gauls
The Gauls ( la, Galli; grc, Γαλάται, ''Galátai'') were a group of Celtic peoples of mainland Europe in the Iron Age and the Roman period (roughly 5th century BC to 5th century AD). Their homeland was known as Gaul (''Gallia''). They s ...
into the
Po Valley
The Po Valley, Po Plain, Plain of the Po, or Padan Plain ( it, Pianura Padana , or ''Val Padana'') is a major geographical feature of Northern Italy. It extends approximately in an east-west direction, with an area of including its Venetic ex ...
, from which the city was named after the ‘Campo dei Galli’ ('Field of the Gauls'). The Gauls – as a
Terramare civilisation – settled nearby the
River Secchia, an important river route that flows near the town. The Romans subdued the Celtic local population of
Reggio and
Modena
Modena (, , ; egl, label=Emilian language#Dialects, Modenese, Mòdna ; ett, Mutna; la, Mutina) is a city and ''comune'' (municipality) on the south side of the Po Valley, in the Province of Modena in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern I ...
, and after that, the Galli Boi territory – the
Celtic
Celtic, Celtics or Keltic may refer to:
Language and ethnicity
*pertaining to Celts, a collection of Indo-European peoples in Europe and Anatolia
**Celts (modern)
*Celtic languages
**Proto-Celtic language
* Celtic music
*Celtic nations
Sports Fo ...
tribe that lived there – was annexed to the Roman province of
Cisalpine Gaul
Cisalpine Gaul ( la, Gallia Cisalpina, also called ''Gallia Citerior'' or ''Gallia Togata'') was the part of Italy inhabited by Celts (Gauls) during the 4th and 3rd centuries BC.
After its conquest by the Roman Republic in the 200s BC it was con ...
, which became its core.
The real first settlement began only in the 16th century, with the construction of ''Castrum'', a castle commissioned by the cadet branch of the House of
Este of
San Martino then the Lords of Campogalliano, but nowadays there remain no more than the ruins. The castle was supposed to be located in the modern Montagnole park, where the morphological aspect of the land implies the existence of some kind of moat, visible to this day. The channel was mainly used for defensive purpose and there was a bridge that connected the castle with the first settlement, Piazza Castello, where the St. Rocco oratory was built, both still existent. In the same period the Church of
St. Ursula was built, patron saint of Campogalliano, on top of the area of an ancient chapel dedicated to her.
Campogalliano was a jurisdiction administered by the San Martino branch of the House of Este from 1501 until the extinction of the household in 1752.
On 12 April 1753, with the Ferrari conveyance deed, the territories of
San Martino in Rio
San Martino in Rio ( Reggiano: ) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Reggio Emilia in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about northwest of Bologna and about northeast of Reggio Emilia.
San Martino in Rio borders the foll ...
and Campogalliano were ceded for a duration of three years by the ''Camera Ducale'' d’Este to the marquise Teresa Sfondrati, widow of the last prince of the San Martino branch of the House of Este, Carlo Filiberto II d’Este. In 1756 the contract was renewed in favour of the marquise's daughter Anna Ricciarda, who had married Prince Alberico Barbiano di Belgiojoso the year before. The contract would be renewed again with the Ferrari deed in 1758 and extended until the end of 1767, after which year the territory would definitively return to the ''Camera Ducale''.
During the years of the Second World War, Campogalliano played a key role in the Resistance, as it was a crucial communication route between the partisan lines located in the mountains and those in the Po valley; even nowadays the fallen in the battlefields are still commemorated and the ''monumento alla Resistenza'' was also created by Ettore de Conciliis. It was not until the 1980s that the city expanded territorially when the city centre extended beyond the Sant’Orsola oratory.
In 1980 the reservoirs of the River Secchia were built in collaboration with the Municipalities of
Rubiera
Rubiera ( Reggiano: ) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Reggio Emilia in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located on the Via Emilia about northwest of Bologna and about southeast of Reggio Emilia.
History
The original name of t ...
and
Modena
Modena (, , ; egl, label=Emilian language#Dialects, Modenese, Mòdna ; ett, Mutna; la, Mutina) is a city and ''comune'' (municipality) on the south side of the Po Valley, in the Province of Modena in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern I ...
.
In 2000 construction started of the high-speed railway line that crosses the municipal territory.
Culture
Th
Museum of Scales and Balancesis a technological and industrial museum that exhibits numerous objects for measuring. The museum traces the history of Campogalliano as the city of scales, where those instruments have been produced since 1860.
Sport
The ''Polisportiva Campogalliano'' sports centre was founded in 1984, and has been expanded and renovated in recent years also thanks to the restructuring of the stadium. The ''Polisportiva Campogalliano'' is engaged on many sports also on a provincial and national level, especially in football where the team plays in second division. ''
Virtus Campogalliano Calcio'' was founded in 2012, engaged in football league and seven-a-side football. Born from a local group of managers and players, who in the past have worked in the ''Polisportiva'' present in the country. ''Virtus Campogalliano Calcio'' was promoted to the
Italian Serie B (second division), winning the championship in its first season.
Miscellaneous
* An international
etymology
Etymology ()The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998) – p. 633 "Etymology /ˌɛtɪˈmɒlədʒi/ the study of the class in words and the way their meanings have changed throughout time". is the study of the history of the Phonological chan ...
convention with entomologists from all over Europe took place twice a year in Campogalliano. Due to the consistently high flow of visitors the convention has been moved to the nearest headquarters in the centre of
Modena
Modena (, , ; egl, label=Emilian language#Dialects, Modenese, Mòdna ; ett, Mutna; la, Mutina) is a city and ''comune'' (municipality) on the south side of the Po Valley, in the Province of Modena in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern I ...
.
* From 1987 the car maker Bugatti Automobili S.p.A. had its headquarters in Campogalliano, but it has been closed for many years due to financial problems. In 1998
Volkswagen
Volkswagen (),English: , . abbreviated as VW (), is a German Automotive industry, motor vehicle manufacturer headquartered in Wolfsburg, Lower Saxony, Germany. Founded in 1937 by the German Labour Front under the Nazi Party and revived into a ...
acquired the Bugatti brand. Today the name of the company is
Bugatti Automobili SAS and its headquarters are in
Molsheim
Molsheim () is a commune and a subprefecture in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. , Alsace.
* According to the
Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
, the municipal area belongs to two different parishes. The parishes of Campogalliano and
Saliceto Buzzalino belong to the Modena-Nonantola archdiocese whereas the parish of Panzano belongs to the
Carpi
Carpi may refer to:
Places
* Carpi, Emilia-Romagna, a large town in the province of Modena, central Italy
* Carpi (Africa), a city and former diocese of Roman Africa, now a Latin Catholic titular bishopric
People
* Carpi (people), an ancie ...
archdiocese.
Main sights
Balance Museum
Museum of Scales and Balances*Factory where the
Bugatti
Automobiles Ettore Bugatti was a German then French manufacturer of high-performance automobiles. The company was founded in 1909 in the then-German city of Molsheim, Alsace, by the Italian-born industrial designer Ettore Bugatti. The cars w ...
EB110 was built is in Campogalliano.
*
Sant'Orsola is the parish church.
Notable people from Campogalliano
*
Stefano Bonaccini
Stefano Bonaccini (born 1 January 1967) is an Italian politician and member of the Democratic Party (PD). He has been serving as the president of Emilia-Romagna since 24 November 2014.
Bonaccini started his political career in the post-communist ...
, politician
*
Gisleno Santunione, football player
References
External links
Official website
{{Authority control
Cities and towns in Emilia-Romagna
Castles in Italy