![Camille Pelletan Fantin-Latour](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Camille_Pelletan_Fantin-Latour.jpg)
Charles Camille Pelletan (28 June 1846 – 4 June 1915) was a
French politician
The politics of France take place with the framework of a semi-presidential system determined by the French Constitution of the French Fifth Republic. The nation declares itself to be an "indivisible, secular, democratic, and social Republic". ...
, historian and journalist,
Minister of Marine in
Emile Combes
Emil or Emile may refer to:
Literature
*''Emile, or On Education'' (1762), a treatise on education by Jean-Jacques Rousseau
*Émile (novel), ''Émile'' (novel) (1827), an autobiographical novel based on Émile de Girardin's early life
*''Emil an ...
' ''
Bloc des gauches
The Lefts Bloc (french: Bloc des gauches, ) was a coalition of Republican political forces created during the French Third Republic in 1899 to contest the 1902 legislative elections. It initially supported Emile Combes's cabinet (June 1902-Ja ...
'' (Left-Wing Blocks) cabinet from 1902 to 1905. He was part of the left-wing of the
Republican, Radical and Radical-Socialist Party
The Republican, Radical and Radical-Socialist Party (french: Parti républicain, radical et radical-socialiste) is a liberal and formerly social-liberal political party in France. It is also often referred to simply as the Radical Party (frenc ...
, created in 1902.
Biography
Pelletan was born in
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
, the son of
Eugène Pelletan
Pierre Clément Eugène Pelletan (29 October 1813 – 13 December 1884) was a French writer, journalist and politician.
Born in Royan, Charente-Maritime, Eugène Pelletan was an associate of Lamartine, but refused an appointment to the office i ...
(1813–1884), a writer of some distinction and a noted opponent of the
Second Empire.
Camille Pelletan was educated in Paris, passed as licentiate in laws, and studied at the ''
École Nationale des Chartes'' where he was qualified as an "archiviste paléographe". At the age of twenty he became an active
journalist
A journalist is an individual that collects/gathers information in form of text, audio, or pictures, processes them into a news-worthy form, and disseminates it to the public. The act or process mainly done by the journalist is called journalism ...
, and a bitter critic of the Imperial Government. After the
war of 1870-71 he took a leading place among the
Radicals
Radical may refer to:
Politics and ideology Politics
*Radical politics, the political intent of fundamental societal change
*Radicalism (historical), the Radical Movement that began in late 18th century Britain and spread to continental Europe and ...
, as an opponent of the "
Opportunist Republicans
The Moderates or Moderate Republicans (french: Républicains modérés), pejoratively labeled Opportunist Republicans (), was a French political group active in the late 19th century during the Third French Republic. The leaders of the group inc ...
" who continued the policy of
Léon Gambetta.}
He was parliamentary editor for ''
Le Rappel'' until 1871, when he was succeeded by
Alfred Gaulier
Alfred Gaulier (10 November 1829 – 17 January 1898) was a French journalist and politician.
His father was a cavalry officer and he seemed destined for a military career.
At the time of the coup that brought Napoleon III to power he was a sub- ...
.
In 1880 he became editor of ''Justice'', and worked with success to bring about a revision of the sentences passed on the ''
Communards''.
In 1881 he was elected a
deputy
Deputy or depute may refer to:
* Steward (office)
* Khalifa, an Arabic title that can signify "deputy"
* Deputy (legislator), a legislator in many countries and regions, including:
** A member of a Chamber of Deputies, for example in Italy, Spai ...
for the
10th arrondissement of Paris
The 10th arrondissement of Paris (''Xe arrondissement'') is one of the 20 arrondissements of the capital city of France. In spoken French, this arrondissement is referred to as ''dixième'' ("10th arrondissement of Paris" = "dixième arrondisseme ...
, and
in 1885 for the
Bouches-du-Rhône
Bouches-du-Rhône ( , , ; oc, Bocas de Ròse ; "Mouths of the Rhône") is a department in Southern France. It borders Vaucluse to the north, Gard to the west and Var to the east. The Mediterranean Sea lies to the south. Its prefecture and large ...
''
département
In the administrative divisions of France, the department (french: département, ) is one of the three levels of government under the national level ("territorial collectivity, territorial collectivities"), between the regions of France, admin ...
'', being reelected
in 1889,
1893
Events
January–March
* January 2 – Webb C. Ball introduces railroad chronometers, which become the general railroad timepiece standards in North America.
* Mark Twain started writing Puddn'head Wilson.
* January 6 – Th ...
and
1898
Events
January–March
* January 1 – New York City annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York as the world's second largest. The city is geographically divided into five boroughs: Manhattan, B ...
; and he was repeatedly chosen as reporter to the various bureaus.
During the
Dreyfus Affair
The Dreyfus affair (french: affaire Dreyfus, ) was a political scandal that divided the French Third Republic from 1894 until its resolution in 1906. "L'Affaire", as it is known in French, has come to symbolise modern injustice in the Francop ...
he fought vigorously on behalf of the Republican government and when the coalition known as the ''
Bloc des gauches
The Lefts Bloc (french: Bloc des gauches, ) was a coalition of Republican political forces created during the French Third Republic in 1899 to contest the 1902 legislative elections. It initially supported Emile Combes's cabinet (June 1902-Ja ...
'' (Left-Wings Block) was formed he took his place as a Radical leader, becoming a member of the
Republican, Radical and Radical-Socialist Party
The Republican, Radical and Radical-Socialist Party (french: Parti républicain, radical et radical-socialiste) is a liberal and formerly social-liberal political party in France. It is also often referred to simply as the Radical Party (frenc ...
at its creation in 1902, and taking place at its left-wing.
He was nominated as
Minister of Marine in the ''Bloc des gauches'' cabinet of
Émile Combes
Émile Justin Louis Combes (; 6 September 183525 May 1921) was a French statesman and freemason who led the Bloc des gauches's cabinet from June 1902 to January 1905.
Career
Émile Combes was born in Roquecourbe, Tarn. He studied for the pries ...
(June 1902 to January 1905), but his administration was severely criticized, notably by
Jean Marie Antoine de Lanessan
Jean Marie Antoine Louis de Lanessan (13 July 1861– 7 November 1935) was a French statesman and naturalist.
Biography
De Lanessan was born in Saint-André-de-Cubzac in the Gironde department of France and entered the French Navy in 1880, s ...
and other naval experts. During the great sailors strike at
Marseille
Marseille ( , , ; also spelled in English as Marseilles; oc, Marselha ) is the prefecture of the French department of Bouches-du-Rhône and capital of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. Situated in the camargue region of southern Franc ...
in 1904 he showed pronounced sympathy with the socialistic aims and methods of the strikers, and a strong feeling was aroused that his Radical sympathies tended to a serious weakening of the navy and to destruction of discipline. A somewhat violent controversy resulted, in the course of which Pelletan's indiscreet speeches did him no good; and he became a common subject for ill-natured caricatures.
File:Camille pelletan 20 mars 1904 l'étrille 06828.JPG,
File:13 mars 1904 l'étrille 06836 pelletan gen André.JPG,
File:Camille pelletan 13 mars 1904 l'étrille 06833.JPG
![Camille Pelletan 1914](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Camille_Pelletan_1914.jpg)
On the fall of the Combes ministry he became less prominent in French politics. A deputy again for the Bouches du Rhône (until 1912), he voted on 3 July 1905 the
. From 1912 to 1915 he was a
senator
A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...
elected in the Bouches du Rhône electoral district.
Camille Pelletan's name was given to the ''
Parti radical-socialiste Camille Pelletan'', a left-wing offshoot of the Republican, Radical and Radical-Socialist Party created after the
6 February 1934 crisis by
Gabriel Cudenet, who opposed the participation of several Radicals to the conservative cabinet of
Gaston Doumergue
Pierre Paul Henri Gaston Doumergue (; 1 August 1863 in Aigues-Vives, Gard18 June 1937 in Aigues-Vives) was a French politician of the Third Republic. He served as President of France from 13 June 1924 to 13 June 1931.
Biography
Doumergue ca ...
, which had replaced the fallen ''
Cartel des gauches'' (Left-Wings Cartel).
The Pelletan's
family tree
A family tree, also called a genealogy or a pedigree chart, is a chart representing family relationships in a conventional tree structure. More detailed family trees, used in medicine and social work, are known as genograms.
Representations of ...
includes 11 parliamentaries, among whom are
Georges Bonnet
Georges-Étienne Bonnet (22/23 July 1889 – 18 June 1973) was a French politician who served as foreign minister in 1938 and 1939 and was a leading figure in the Radical Party.
Early life
Bonnet was born in Bassillac, Dordogne, the son of ...
and
Michel Debré.
US Naval officer Rear Admiral
Bradley A. Fiske
Rear Admiral Bradley Allen Fiske (June 13, 1854 – April 6, 1942) was an officer in the United States Navy who was noted as a technical innovator. During his long career, Fiske invented more than a hundred and thirty electrical and mechanic ...
wrote of Pelletan in his autobiography ''From Midshipman to Rear Admiral'', edited in 1919, that:
References
Attribution:
*
Further reading
*Stone, Judith F. ''Sons of the Revolution: Radical Democrats in France, 1862-1914''. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1996.
*Touroude, Georges. ''Deux républicains de progrès: Eugène et Camille Pelletan''. Paris: L'Harmattan, 1995.
External links
42 prints from Camille Pelletan's Les guerres de la Révolution
{{DEFAULTSORT:Pelletan, Camille
1846 births
1915 deaths
Writers from Paris
Politicians from Paris
Radical Party (France) politicians
Ministers of Marine
Members of the 3rd Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
Members of the 4th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
Members of the 5th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
Members of the 6th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
Members of the 7th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
Members of the 8th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
Members of the 9th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
Members of the 10th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
French Senators of the Third Republic
Senators of Bouches-du-Rhône
French journalists
French male non-fiction writers
École Nationale des Chartes alumni