''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of flowering plants in the family
Theaceae. They are
found in
eastern and
southern Asia Southern Asia may refer to:
* South Asia, a geopolitical macroregion of SAARC countries
* Southern Asia, a geographical subregion in Asia spanning the Iranian Plateau and the Indian subcontinent
The Indian subcontinent is a list of the phy ...
, from the
Himalayas
The Himalayas, or Himalaya (; ; ), is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has some of the planet's highest peaks, including the very highest, Mount Everest. Over 100 ...
east to
Japan
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
and
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
. There are more than 220 described
species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...
, with some controversy over the exact number, and also around 3,000 hybrids. The genus was named by
Linnaeus after the Jesuit botanist
Georg Joseph Kamel, who worked in the Philippines and described a species of camellia (although Linnaeus did not refer to Kamel's account when discussing the genus).
[
]
Of economic importance in East Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Indian subcontinent, leaves of ''
C. sinensis'' are processed to create the popular beverage
tea
Tea is an aromatic beverage prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured or fresh leaves of '' Camellia sinensis'', an evergreen shrub native to East Asia which probably originated in the borderlands of southwestern China and northe ...
. The ornamental ''
C. japonica'', ''
C. sasanqua'' and their
hybrid
Hybrid may refer to:
Science
* Hybrid (biology), an offspring resulting from cross-breeding
** Hybrid grape, grape varieties produced by cross-breeding two ''Vitis'' species
** Hybridity, the property of a hybrid plant which is a union of two dif ...
s are the source of hundreds of garden
cultivar
A cultivar is a type of cultivated plant that people have selected for desired traits and when propagated retain those traits. Methods used to propagate cultivars include: division, root and stem cuttings, offsets, grafting, tissue culture, ...
s. ''
C. oleifera'' produces
tea seed oil, used in cooking and cosmetics.
Descriptions
![Teestrauch Detail](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Teestrauch_Detail.jpg)
Camellias are
evergreen
In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which ...
shrubs or small
tree
In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are ...
s up to tall. Their leaves are alternately arranged, simple, thick, serrated, and usually glossy. Their flowers are usually large and conspicuous, one to 12 cm in diameter, with five to nine petals in naturally occurring species of camellias. The colors of the flowers vary from white through pink colors to red; truly yellow flowers are found only in South China and Vietnam. Tea varieties are always white-flowered. Camellia flowers throughout the genus are characterized by a dense bouquet of conspicuous yellow stamens, often contrasting with the petal colors. The so-called "
fruit
In botany, a fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants that is formed from the ovary after flowering.
Fruits are the means by which flowering plants (also known as angiosperms) disseminate their seeds. Edible fruits in particu ...
" of camellia plants is a dry
capsule, sometimes subdivided in up to five compartments, each compartment containing up to eight
seed
A seed is an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering, along with a food reserve. The formation of the seed is a part of the process of reproduction in seed plants, the spermatophytes, including the gymnosperm and angiospe ...
s.
The various species of camellia plants are generally well-adapted to
acid soils rich in
humus
In classical soil science, humus is the dark organic matter in soil that is formed by the decomposition of plant and animal matter. It is a kind of soil organic matter. It is rich in nutrients and retains moisture in the soil. Humus is the Lati ...
, and most species do not grow well on
chalk
Chalk is a soft, white, porous, sedimentary carbonate rock. It is a form of limestone composed of the mineral calcite and originally formed deep under the sea by the compression of microscopic plankton that had settled to the sea floor. Chalk ...
y soil or other
calcium
Calcium is a chemical element with the symbol Ca and atomic number 20. As an alkaline earth metal, calcium is a reactive metal that forms a dark oxide-nitride layer when exposed to air. Its physical and chemical properties are most similar to ...
-rich soils. Most species of camellias also require a large amount of water, either from natural rainfall or from
irrigation
Irrigation (also referred to as watering) is the practice of applying controlled amounts of water to land to help grow Crop, crops, Landscape plant, landscape plants, and Lawn, lawns. Irrigation has been a key aspect of agriculture for over 5,00 ...
, and the plants will not tolerate
drought
A drought is defined as drier than normal conditions.Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D. Jiang, A. Khan, W. Pokam Mba, D. Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, an ...
s. However, some of the more unusual camellias – typically species from
karst
Karst is a topography formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks such as limestone, dolomite, and gypsum. It is characterized by underground drainage systems with sinkholes and caves. It has also been documented for more weathering-resistant ro ...
soils in
Vietnam
Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
– can grow without too much water.
Camellia plants usually have a rapid growth rate. Typically they will grow about 30 cm per year until mature – though this does vary depending on their variety and geographical location.
Camellia plants are used as food plants by the
larva
A larva (; plural larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle.
The ...
e of a number of ''
Lepidoptera
Lepidoptera ( ) is an order (biology), order of insects that includes butterfly, butterflies and moths (both are called lepidopterans). About 180,000 species of the Lepidoptera are described, in 126 Family (biology), families and 46 Taxonomic r ...
'' species; see
List of Lepidoptera that feed on Camellia
''Camellia'' species like tea (''Camellia sinensis'') are used as food plants by the caterpillars of a number of Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths).
These include:
* Coleophoridae
** Several ''Coleophora'' case-bearers, such as:
*** '' C. scale ...
. Leaves of the
Japanese camellia
''Camellia japonica'', known as common camellia, or Japanese camellia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Theaceae. There are thousands of cultivars of ''C. japonica'' in cultivation, with many colors and forms of flowers. In the U.S. ...
(''C. japonica'') are susceptible to the
fungal
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from th ...
parasite
Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life. The entomologist E. O. Wilson has ...
''Mycelia sterile'' (see
below
Below may refer to:
*Earth
*Ground (disambiguation)
*Soil
*Floor
*Bottom (disambiguation)
Bottom may refer to:
Anatomy and sex
* Bottom (BDSM), the partner in a BDSM who takes the passive, receiving, or obedient role, to that of the top or ...
for the significance).
Use by humans
![Camellia reticulata RHS](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Camellia_reticulata_RHS.jpeg)
''
Camellia sinensis
''Camellia sinensis'' is a species of evergreen shrub or small tree in the flowering plant family Theaceae. Its leaves and leaf buds are used to produce the popular beverage, tea. Common names include tea plant, tea shrub, and tea tree (not to ...
'', the tea plant, is of major commercial importance because
tea
Tea is an aromatic beverage prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured or fresh leaves of '' Camellia sinensis'', an evergreen shrub native to East Asia which probably originated in the borderlands of southwestern China and northe ...
is made from its leaves. The species ''C. sinensis'' is the product of many generations of
selective breeding
Selective breeding (also called artificial selection) is the process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively develop particular phenotypic traits (characteristics) by choosing which typically animal or plant mal ...
in order to bring out qualities considered desirable for tea. However, many other camellias can be used to produce a similar beverage. For example, in some parts of Japan, tea made from ''C. sasanqua'' leaves is popular.
Tea oil is a sweet seasoning and cooking oil made by pressing the seeds of ''C. oleifera'', ''C. japonica'', and to a lesser extent other species such as ''C. crapnelliana'', ''C. reticulata'', ''C. sasanqua'' and ''C. sinensis''. Relatively little-known outside East Asia, it is the most important
cooking oil
Cooking oil is plant, animal, or synthetic liquid fat used in frying, baking, and other types of cooking. It is also used in food preparation and flavoring not involving heat, such as salad dressings and bread dips, and may be called edible oil. ...
for hundreds of millions of people, particularly in southern China.
Camellia oil is commonly used to clean and protect the blades of cutting instruments.
Camellia oil pressed from seeds of ''C. japonica'', also called tsubaki oil or tsubaki-abura (椿油) in Japanese, has been traditionally used in Japan for hair care. ''C. japonica'' plant is used to prepare traditional antiinflammatory medicines.
Ecology
The camellia
parasite
Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life. The entomologist E. O. Wilson has ...
fungus ''
mycelia sterile PF1022'' produces a
metabolite
In biochemistry, a metabolite is an intermediate or end product of metabolism.
The term is usually used for small molecules. Metabolites have various functions, including fuel, structure, signaling, stimulatory and inhibitory effects on enzymes, c ...
named PF1022A. This is used to produce
emodepside
Emodepside is an anthelmintic drug that is effective against a number of gastrointestinal nematodes, is licensed for use in cats and belongs to the class of drugs known as the ''octadepsipeptides'', a relatively new class of anthelmintic (research ...
, an
anthelmintic drug
A drug is any chemical substance that causes a change in an organism's physiology or psychology when consumed. Drugs are typically distinguished from food and substances that provide nutritional support. Consumption of drugs can be via insuffla ...
.
Mainly due to
habitat destruction
Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habitat reduction) is the process by which a natural habitat becomes incapable of supporting its native species. The organisms that previously inhabited the site are displaced or dead, thereby ...
, several camellias have become quite rare in their natural range. One of these is the aforementioned ''C. reticulata'', grown commercially in thousands for horticulture and oil production, but rare enough in its natural range to be considered a
threatened species
Threatened species are any species (including animals, plants and fungi) which are vulnerable to endangerment in the near future. Species that are threatened are sometimes characterised by the population dynamics measure of ''critical depensa ...
.
Fossil record
The earliest
fossil
A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved ...
record of ''Camellia'' are the leaves of †''C. abensis'' from the upper
Eocene
The Eocene ( ) Epoch is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (mya). It is the second epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), Era. The name ''Eocene' ...
of
Japan
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
, †''C. abchasica'' from the lower
Oligocene
The Oligocene ( ) is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present ( to ). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but the ...
of
Bulgaria
Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedon ...
and
†''C. multiforma'' from the lower
Oligocene
The Oligocene ( ) is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present ( to ). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but the ...
of
Washington
Washington commonly refers to:
* Washington (state), United States
* Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States
** A metonym for the federal government of the United States
** Washington metropolitan area, the metropolitan area centered on ...
,
United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...
.
Garden history
Camellias were cultivated in the gardens of China and Japan for centuries before they were seen in Europe. The German botanist
Engelbert Kaempfer
Engelbert Kaempfer (16 September 16512 November 1716) was a German naturalist, physician, explorer and writer known for his tour of Russia, Persia, India, Southeast Asia, and Japan between 1683 and 1693.
He wrote two books about his travels. ''A ...
reported that the "Japan Rose", as he called it, grew wild in woodland and hedgerow, but that many superior varieties had been selected for gardens. He was told that the plant had 900 names in Japanese. Europeans' earliest views of camellias must have been their representations in Chinese painted wallpapers, where they were often represented growing in porcelain pots.
The first living camellias seen in England were a single red and a single white, grown and flowered in his garden at
Thorndon Hall, Essex, by
Robert James, Lord Petre, among the keenest gardeners of his generation, in 1739. His gardener
James Gordon was the first to introduce camellias to commerce, from the nurseries he established after Lord Petre's untimely death in 1743, at Mile End, Essex, near London.
With the expansion of the
tea trade in the later 18th century, new varieties began to be seen in England, imported through the
British East India Company
The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (the Indian subcontinent and Southea ...
. The Company's John Slater was responsible for the first of the new camellias, double ones, in white and a striped red, imported in 1792. Further camellias imported in the East Indiamen were associated with the patrons whose gardeners grew them: a double red for Sir Robert Preston in 1794 and the pale pink named "Lady Hume's Blush" for Amelia, the lady of
Sir Abraham Hume of
Wormleybury
Wormleybury is an 18th-century house surrounded by a landscaped park of 57 ha (140 acres) near Wormley in Broxbourne, Hertfordshire, England, a few miles north of Greater London. The house was rebuilt in the 1770s from an earlier house built ...
, Hertfordshire (1806). The camellia was imported from England to America in 1797 when
Colonel John Stevens brought the flower as part of an effort to grow attractions within
Elysian Fields in
Hoboken,
New Jersey
New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delaware ...
.
[The New York Botanical Garden, ''Curtis' Botanical Magazine, Volume X'' Bronx, New York: The New York Botanical Garden, 1797] By 1819, twenty-five camellias had bloomed in England; that year the first monograph appeared, Samuel Curtis's, ''A Monograph on the Genus Camellia'', whose five handsome folio colored illustrations have usually been removed from the slender text and framed. Camellias that set seed, though they did not flower for more than a decade, rewarded their growers with a wealth of new varieties. By the 1840s, the camellia was at the height of its fashion as ''the'' luxury flower. The Parisian courtesan
Marie Duplessis
Marie Duplessis (born Alphonsine Rose Plessis; 15 January 1824 – 3 February 1847) was a French courtesan and mistress to a number of prominent and wealthy men. She was the inspiration for Marguerite Gautier, the main character of the 1848 nov ...
, who died young in 1847, inspired Dumas' ''
La Dame aux camélias'' and Verdi's ''
La Traviata
''La traviata'' (; ''The Fallen Woman'') is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi set to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave. It is based on ''La Dame aux camélias'' (1852), a play by Alexandre Dumas ''fils'' adapted from his own 18 ...
''.
The fashionable imbricated formality of prized camellias was an element in their decline, replaced by the new hothouse
orchid
Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant.
Along with the Asteraceae, they are one of the two largest families of flowering ...
. Their revival after World War I as woodland shrubs for mild climates has been paralleled by the rise in popularity of ''
Camellia sasanqua''.
Modern cultivars
The tea camellia, ''C. sinensis'', has
many commercial cultivars selected for the taste of their leaves once processed into tea leaves.
Today camellias are grown as ornamental plants for their flowers; about 3,000
cultivar
A cultivar is a type of cultivated plant that people have selected for desired traits and when propagated retain those traits. Methods used to propagate cultivars include: division, root and stem cuttings, offsets, grafting, tissue culture, ...
s and
hybrids have been selected, many with
double
A double is a look-alike or doppelgänger; one person or being that resembles another.
Double, The Double or Dubble may also refer to:
Film and television
* Double (filmmaking), someone who substitutes for the credited actor of a character
* Th ...
or semi-double flowers. ''C. japonica'' is the most prominent species in cultivation, with over 2,000 named cultivars. Next are ''C. reticulata'' with over 400 named cultivars, and ''C. sasanqua'' with over 300 named cultivars. Popular hybrids include ''
C. × hiemalis'' (''C. japonica'' × ''C. sasanqua'') and ''
C. × williamsii'' (''C. japonica'' × ''
C. saluenensis''). Some varieties can grow to a considerable size, up to , though more compact cultivars are available. They are frequently planted in woodland settings, alongside other
calcifuges
A calcifuge is a plant that does not tolerate alkaline (basic) soil. The word is derived from the Latin 'to flee from chalk'. These plants are also described as ericaceous, as the prototypical calcifuge is the genus ''Erica'' (heaths). It is not ...
such as
rhododendrons, and are particularly associated with areas of high soil acidity, such as Cornwall and Devon in the UK. They are highly valued for their very early flowering, often among the first flowers to appear in the late winter. Late
frost
Frost is a thin layer of ice on a solid surface, which forms from water vapor in an above-freezing atmosphere coming in contact with a solid surface whose temperature is below freezing, and resulting in a phase change from water vapor (a gas) ...
s can damage the flower buds, resulting in misshapen flowers.
There is great variety of flower forms:
* single (flat, bowl- or cup-shaped)
* semi-double (rows of large outer petals, with the centre comprising mixed petals and stamens)
* double:
** paeony form (convex mass of irregular petals and petaloids with hidden stamens)
** anemone form (one or more rows of outer petals, with mixed petaloids and stamens in the centre)
** rose form (overlapping petals showing stamens in a concave centre when open)
** formal double (rows of overlapping petals with hidden stamens)
AGM cultivars
The following hybrid cultivars have gained the
Royal Horticultural Society
The Royal Horticultural Society (RHS), founded in 1804 as the Horticultural Society of London, is the UK's leading gardening charity.
The RHS promotes horticulture through its five gardens at Wisley (Surrey), Hyde Hall (Essex), Harlow Carr (Nort ...
's
Award of Garden Merit
The Award of Garden Merit (AGM) is a long-established annual award for plants by the British Royal Horticultural Society (RHS). It is based on assessment of the plants' performance under UK growing conditions.
History
The Award of Garden Merit ...
:
File:Camellia x williamsii 'Brigadoon'.JPG, Simple-flowered ''Camellia × williamsii'' cv. 'Brigadoon'
File:Semi-double Camelia cultivar.jpg, Semi-double-flowered camellia cultivar
File:PinkCamelliaJaponica.jpg, Double-flowered camellia cultivar
File:Camellia hyb Yuri s Yellow Kalenderkopie.jpg, Double-flowered hybrid cv. 'Jury's Yellow'
Species
![Camellia japonica MHNT](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Camellia_japonica_MHNT.BOT.2010.13.3.jpg)
''
Plants of the World Online
Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. It was launched in March 2017 with the ultimate aim being "to enable users to access information on all the world's known seed-bearing plants by ...
'' currently includes:
# ''
Camellia albata
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Orel & Curry
# ''
Camellia amplexicaulis
''Camellia amplexicaulis'' is a species of flowering tree in the tea family. Originally native to Vietnam, it has been considered extinct in the wild since 2018. It is one of two species of trees in the tea family that only exists in cultivation ...
''
(Pit.) Cohen-Stuart
# ''
Camellia amplexifolia
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Merr. & Chun
# ''
Camellia anlungensis''
Hung T.Chang
# ''
Camellia assimiloides
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are native plant, found in East Asia, eastern and South Asia, southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 descr ...
''
Sealy
# ''
Camellia aurea
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Hung T.Chang
# ''
Camellia azalea
''Camellia azalea'', native to the Ehuangzhang Provincial Nature Reserve in Yangchun City, Guangdong, China, is a national first-class protected plant in China. The Chinese name of ''Camellia azalea'' is 杜鹃叶山茶/Rhododendron leaf camellia ...
''
C.F.Wei
# ''
Camellia brevistyla
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
(Hayata) Cohen-Stuart
# ''
Camellia bugiamapensis''
Orel, Curry, Luu & Q.D.Nguyen
# ''
Camellia campanulata
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Orel, Curry & Luu
# ''
Camellia candida
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are native plant, found in East Asia, eastern and South Asia, southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 descr ...
''
Hung T.Chang
# ''
Camellia capitata''
Orel, Curry & Luu
# ''
Camellia cattienensis
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controvers ...
''
Orel
# ''
Camellia caudata
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Wall.
# ''
Camellia chekiangoleosa''
Hu
# ''
Camellia cherryana
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controvers ...
''
Orel
# ''
Camellia chinmeiae''
S.L.Lee & T.Y.A.Yang
# ''
Camellia chrysanthoides
''Camellia chrysanthoides'' (薄叶金花茶) is a species of ''camellia'' endemic to Longzhou and Pingxiang counties in Guangxi province, China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the ...
''
Hung T.Chang
# ''
Camellia concinna
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Orel & Curry
# ''
Camellia connata''
(Craib) Craib
# ''
Camellia corallina''
(Gagnep.) Sealy
# ''
Camellia cordifolia''
(F.P.Metcalf) Nakai
# ''
Camellia costata''
S.Y.Hu & S.Y.Liang
# ''
Camellia costei''
H.Lév.
# ''
Camellia crapnelliana''
Tutcher – Crapnell's camellia
# ''
Camellia crassicolumna''
Hung T.Chang
# ''
Camellia crassipes''
Sealy
# ''
Camellia crassiphylla
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are native plant, found in East Asia, eastern and South Asia, southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 descr ...
''
Ninh & Hakoda
# ''
Camellia cuongiana
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are native plant, found in East Asia, eastern and South Asia, southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 descr ...
''
Orel & Curry
# ''
Camellia cupiformis''
T.L.Ming
# ''
Camellia curryana''
Orel & Luu
# ''
Camellia cuspidata
''Camellia cuspidata'', also known by the common name cuspidate camellia,RHS Plants. Available at: https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/2840/Camellia-cuspidata/Details ccessed 13/02/21/ref> is a species in the genus ''Camellia'', in the family Theaceae ...
''
(Kochs) Bean
# ''
Camellia dalatensis''
V.D.Luong, Ninh & Hakoda
# ''
Camellia debaoensis''
R.C.Hu & Y.Q.Liufu
# ''
Camellia decora
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Orel, Curry & Luu
# ''
Camellia dilinhensis
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Ninh & V.D.Luong
# ''
Camellia dongnaicensis''
Orel
# ''
Camellia dormoyana
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are native plant, found in East Asia, eastern and South Asia, southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 descr ...
''
(Pierre ex Laness.) Sealy
# ''
Camellia drupifera''
Lour.
# ''
Camellia duyana''
Orel, Curry & Luu
# ''
Camellia edithae
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Hance
# ''
Camellia elizabethae''
Orel & Curry
# ''
Camellia elongata
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are native plant, found in East Asia, eastern and South Asia, southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 descr ...
''
(Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Rehder
# ''
Camellia erubescens
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Orel & Curry
# ''
Camellia euphlebia''
Merr. ex Sealy
# ''
Camellia euryoides
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Lindl.
# ''
Camellia fangchengensis''
S.Ye Liang & Y.C.Zhong
# ''
Camellia fansipanensis''
J.M.H.Shaw, Wynn-Jones & V.D.Nguyen
# ''
Camellia fascicularis
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are native plant, found in East Asia, eastern and South Asia, southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 descr ...
''
Hung T.Chang
# ''
Camellia flava''
(Pit.) Sealy
# ''
Camellia flavida''
Hung T.Chang
# ''
Camellia fleuryi''
(A.Chev.) Sealy
# ''
Camellia fluviatilis
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controvers ...
''
Hand.-Mazz.
# ''
Camellia forrestii
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controvers ...
''
(Diels) Cohen-Stuart
# ''
Camellia fraterna
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Hance
# ''
Camellia furfuracea''
(Merr.) Cohen-Stuart
# ''
Camellia gaudichaudii
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controvers ...
''
(Gagnep.) Sealy
# ''
Camellia gilbertii''
(A.Chev.) Sealy
# ''
Camellia glabricostata''
T.L.Ming
# ''
Camellia gracilipes''
Merr. ex Sealy
# ''
Camellia grandibracteata''
Hung T.Chang, Y.J.Tan, F.L.Yu & P.S.Wang
# ''
Camellia granthamiana
''Camellia granthamiana'' (), or Grantham's camellia, is a rare, endangered species of ''Camellia'', which was first discovered in Hong Kong in 1955.
The distribution of the species is limited in both Hong Kong and Mainland China. Only one indi ...
''
Sealy – Grantham's camellia
# ''
Camellia grijsii''
Hance
# ''
Camellia gymnogyna
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are native plant, found in East Asia, eastern and South Asia, southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 descr ...
''
Hung T.Chang
# ''
Camellia harlandii''
Orel & Curry
# ''
Camellia hatinhensis''
V.D.Luong, Ninh & L.T.Nguyen
# ''
Camellia hekouensis
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
C.J.Wang & G.S.Fan
# ''
Camellia hiemalis
''Camellia hiemalis'' is a species of ''camellia
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are mo ...
''
Nakai
# ''
Camellia honbaensis''
Luu, Q.D.Nguyen & G.Tran
# ''
Camellia hongiaoensis
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controvers ...
''
Orel & Curry
# ''
Camellia hongkongensis
''Camellia hongkongensis'' (), the Hong Kong camellia, is a species of ''camellia''.
Description
''Camellia hongkongensis'' is a small evergreen tree which can grow to feet tall. Of the camellia species native to Hong Kong, only this species be ...
''
Seem.
# ''
Camellia hsinpeiensis''
S.S.Ying
# ''
Camellia huana''
T.L.Ming & W.J.Zhang
# ''
Camellia ilicifolia
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Y.K.Li
# ''
Camellia impressinervis
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are native plant, found in East Asia, eastern and South Asia, southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 descr ...
''
Hung T.Chang & S.Ye Liang
# ''
Camellia indochinensis
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controvers ...
''
Merr.
# ''
Camellia ingens
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controvers ...
''
Orel & Curry
# ''
Camellia insularis''
Orel & Curry
# ''
Camellia × intermedia''
(Tuyama) Nagam.
# ''
Camellia inusitata
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are native plant, found in East Asia, eastern and South Asia, southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 descr ...
''
Orel, Curry & Luu
# ''
Camellia japonica''
L. – East Asian camellia
synonym ''
Camellia rusticana
''Camellia rusticana'' or snow camellia is a species of ''Camellia
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indon ...
'' – snow camellia
# ''
Camellia kissii''
Wall.
# ''
Camellia krempfii''
(Gagnep.) Sealy
# ''
Camellia kwangsiensis''
Hung T.Chang
# ''
Camellia lanceolata
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controvers ...
''
(Blume) Seem.
# ''
Camellia langbianensis
''Camellia langbianenesis'' is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Theaceae. It is a shrub or small tree native to southern Vietnam.
''Camellia langbianensis'' is small tree growing up to 5 meters tall. It is known from a singl ...
''
(Gagnep.) P.H.Hô
# ''
Camellia laotica''
(Gagnep.) T.L.Ming
# ''
Camellia lawii''
Sealy
# ''
Camellia leptophylla''
S.Ye Liang ex Hung T.Chang
# ''
Camellia ligustrina''
Orel, Curry & Luu
# ''
Camellia longicalyx''
Hung T.Chang
# ''
Camellia longii''
Orel & Luu
# ''
Camellia longipedicellata
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
(Hu) Hung T.Chang & D.Fang
# ''
Camellia longissima
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Hung T.Chang & S.Ye Liang
# ''
Camellia lucii
''Camellia lucii'' is a species of flowering tree in the tea family. Originally native to Vietnam, the species is not known to exist in the wild.
Discovery
''Camellia lucii'' was first noticed by scientists in 1999 at a commercial nursery in Han ...
''
Orel & Curry
# ''
Camellia lutchuensis''
T.Itô
# ''
Camellia luteocerata
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Orel
# ''
Camellia luteoflora''
Y.K.Li ex Hung T.Chang & F.A.Zeng
# ''
Camellia luteopallida''
V.D.Luong, T.Q.T.Nguyen & Luu
# ''
Camellia luuana''
Orel & Curry
# ''
Camellia maiana
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Orel
# ''
Camellia mairei''
(H.Lév.) Melch.
# ''
Camellia maoniushanensis''
J.L.Liu & Q.Luo
# ''
Camellia megasepala''
Hung T.Chang & Trin Ninh
# ''
Camellia melliana
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Hand.-Mazz.
# ''
Camellia micrantha
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are native plant, found in East Asia, eastern and South Asia, southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 descr ...
''
S.Ye Liang & Y.C.Zhong
# ''
Camellia mileensis
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
T.L.Ming
# ''
Camellia mingii''
S.X.Yang
# ''
Camellia minima
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Orel & Curry
# ''
Camellia mollis''
Hung T.Chang & S.X.Ren
# ''
Camellia montana
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
(Blanco) Hung T.Chang & S.X.Ren
# ''
Camellia murauchii
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Ninh & Hakoda
# ''
Camellia namkadingensis
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Soulad. & Tagane
# ''
Camellia nematodea
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are native plant, found in East Asia, eastern and South Asia, southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 descr ...
''
(Gagnep.) Sealy
# ''
Camellia nervosa
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are native plant, found in East Asia, eastern and South Asia, southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 descr ...
''
(Gagnep.) Hung T.Chang
# ''
Camellia oconoriana
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Orel, Curry & Luu
# ''
Camellia oleifera''
C.Abel – oil-seed camellia, tea oil camellia
# ''
Camellia pachyandra
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Hu
# ''
Camellia parviflora''
Merr. & Chun ex Sealy
# ''
Camellia parvimuricata
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Hung T.Chang
# ''
Camellia paucipunctata''
(Merr. & Chun) Chun
# ''
Camellia petelotii''
(Merr.) Sealy synonyms:
''C. chrysantha'', ''
C. nitidissima'' – yellow camellia
# ''
Camellia philippinensis
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Hung T.Chang & S.X.Ren
# ''
Camellia pilosperma
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
S.Yun Liang
# ''
Camellia pingguoensis
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
D.Fang
# ''
Camellia piquetiana
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
(Pierre) Sealy
# ''
Camellia pitardii
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controvers ...
''
Cohen-Stuart
# ''
Camellia pleurocarpa''
(Gagnep.) Sealy
# ''
Camellia polyodonta''
F.C.How ex Hu
# ''
Camellia psilocarpa''
X.G.Shi & C.X.Ye
# ''
Camellia ptilophylla''
Hung T.Chang
# ''
Camellia pubicosta
''Camellia pubicosta'' is a species of flowering plant in the Theaceae family. It is mainly cultivated in Vietnam. It is shrubby plant. Its height is 8–10 meters.
See also
* Camellia sinensis
References
Camellia, pubicosta
Flora of Vi ...
''
Merr.
# ''
Camellia pubifurfuracea''
Y.C.Zhong
# ''
Camellia pubipetala
''Camellia pubipetala'' is a species of plant in the family Theaceae. It is endemic to China. It is threatened by habitat loss
Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habitat reduction) is the process by which a natural habitat b ...
''
Y.Wan & S.Z.Huang
# ''
Camellia pukhangensis''
N.D.Do, V.D.Luong, S.T.Hoang & T.H.Lê
# ''
Camellia punctata''
(Kochs) Cohen-Stuart
# ''
Camellia pyriparva
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Orel & Curry
# ''
Camellia pyxidiacea
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are native plant, found in East Asia, eastern and South Asia, southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 descr ...
''
Z.R.Xu, F.P.Chen & C.Y.Deng
# ''
Camellia quangcuongii''
L.V.Dung, S.T. Hoang & Nhan
# ''
Camellia reflexa
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Orel & Curry
# ''
Camellia renshanxiangiae''
C.X.Ye & X.Q.Zheng
# ''
Camellia reticulata''
Lindl.
# ''
Camellia rhytidocarpa''
Hung T.Chang & S.Ye Liang
# ''
Camellia rosacea
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Tagane, Soulad. & Yahara
# ''
Camellia rosiflora''
Hook.
# ''
Camellia rosmannii''
Ninh
# ''
Camellia rosthorniana''
Hand.-Mazz.
# ''
Camellia rubriflora
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controvers ...
''
Ninh & Hakoda
# ''
Camellia salicifolia''
Champ.
# ''
Camellia saluenensis
''Camellia saluenensis'' is a species of ''Camellia'' native to southcentral China. A large bush, it is a parent of a number of garden hybrids. 'Cornish Snow' ('' C. cuspidata'' × ''C. saluenensis'') which flowers in midwinter, and 'Inspiration' ...
''
Stapf ex Bean
# ''
Camellia sasanqua''
Thunb.
# ''
Camellia scabrosa
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Orel & Curry
# ''
Camellia sealyana''
T.L.Ming
# ''
Camellia semiserrata''
C.W.Chi
# ''
Camellia septempetala''
Hung T.Chang & L.L.Qi
# ''
Camellia siangensis
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
T.K.Paul & M.P.Nayar
# ''
Camellia sinensis
''Camellia sinensis'' is a species of evergreen shrub or small tree in the flowering plant family Theaceae. Its leaves and leaf buds are used to produce the popular beverage, tea. Common names include tea plant, tea shrub, and tea tree (not to ...
''
(L.) Kuntze – tea plant
# ''
Camellia sonthaiensis
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Luu, V.D.Luong, Q.D.Nguyen & T.Q.T.Nguyen
# ''
Camellia stuartiana
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Sealy
# ''
Camellia subintegra''
P.C.Huang
# ''
Camellia synaptica''
Sealy
# ''
Camellia szechuanensis
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controvers ...
''
C.W.Chi
# ''
Camellia szemaoensis''
Hung T.Chang
# ''
Camellia tachangensis''
F.S.Zhang
# ''
Camellia tadungensis
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controvers ...
''
Orel, Curry & Luu
# ''
Camellia taliensis''
(W.W.Sm.) Melch. – also used to make tea like ''C. sinensis''
# ''
Camellia tenii
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Sealy
# ''
Camellia thailandica
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Hung T.Chang & S.X.Ren
# ''
Camellia thanxaensa
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Hakoda & Kirino
# ''
Camellia tienyenensis
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are native plant, found in East Asia, eastern and South Asia, southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 descr ...
''
Orel & Curry
# ''
Camellia tomentosa''
Orel & Curry
# ''
Camellia tonkinensis''
(Pit.) Cohen-Stuart
# ''
Camellia transarisanensis''
(Hayata) Cohen-Stuart
# ''
Camellia trichoclada''
(Rehder) S.S.Chien
# ''
Camellia tsaii
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Hu
# ''
Camellia tsingpienensis
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controvers ...
''
Hu
# ''
Camellia tuberculata
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controvers ...
''
S.S.Chien
# ''
Camellia tuyenquangensis
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controvers ...
''
V.D.Luong, Le & Ninh
# ''
Camellia uraku''
Kitam.
# ''
Camellia villicarpa
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
S.S.Chien
# ''
Camellia viridicalyx''
Hung T.Chang & S.Ye Liang
# ''
Camellia viscosa
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controvers ...
''
Orel & Curry
# ''
Camellia vuquangensis''
V.D.Luong, Ninh & L.T.Nguyen
# ''
Camellia wardii''
Kobuski
# ''
Camellia xanthochroma
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
K.M.Feng & L.S.Xie
# ''
Camellia yokdonensis''
Dung bis & Hakoda
# ''
Camellia yunkiangica
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy ...
''
Hung T.Chang, H.S.Wang & B.H.Chen
# ''
Camellia yunnanensis
''Camellia yunnanensis'' is a 1.3–7 m tall shrub or small tree endemic to China.
Its leaves are elliptic to broad-elliptic or ovate-elliptic, bluntly acute. They are deep green.
Its flowers is white, perulate and solitary.
Distribution
It is ...
''
(Pit. ex Diels) Cohen-Stuart
Cultural significance
![New Zealand Suffragette](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/New_Zealand_Suffragette.jpg)
The Camellia family of plants in popular culture.
* The following cities are nicknamed the "Camellia City" of each state:
Greenville, Alabama
Greenville is a city and the county seat of Butler County, Alabama, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 7,374. Greenville is known as the Camellia City, wherein originated the movement to change the official Alabama state flow ...
;
Sacramento, California
)
, image_map = Sacramento County California Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Sacramento Highlighted.svg
, mapsize = 250x200px
, map_caption = Location within Sacramento C ...
;
Fort Walton Beach, Florida
Fort Walton Beach is a city in southern Okaloosa County, Florida. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 20,922, up from 19,507 in 2010. It is the principal city of the Fort Walton Beach− Crestview− Destin Metropolitan Statistical Area ...
;
Slidell, Louisiana;
McComb, Mississippi;
Newberg, Oregon
Newberg is a city in Yamhill County, Oregon, United States. Located in the Portland metropolitan area, the city is home to George Fox University. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 25,138 making it the second most populous city in the ...
; and,
Thomson, Georgia is nicknamed the "Camellia City of the South".
* The camellia is the
state flower
This is a list of U.S. state, federal district, and territory flowers.
See also
*List of U.S. state trees
* Lists of U.S. state insignia
References
External linksList of state flowers
{{USStateLists
*
U.S. state flowers
Flowers
...
of
Alabama
(We dare defend our rights)
, anthem = "Alabama (state song), Alabama"
, image_map = Alabama in United States.svg
, seat = Montgomery, Alabama, Montgomery
, LargestCity = Huntsville, Alabama, Huntsville
, LargestCounty = Baldwin County, Al ...
.
* The
Camellia Bowl
Camellia Bowl can refer to one of three college football bowl games:
* Camellia Bowl (1948)
The Camellia Bowl was a post-season major college football bowl game played at McNaspy Stadium in Lafayette, Louisiana, on December 30, 1948, between t ...
is a post-season college football game played in
Montgomery, Alabama
Montgomery is the capital city of the U.S. state of Alabama and the county seat of Montgomery County. Named for the Irish soldier Richard Montgomery, it stands beside the Alabama River, on the coastal Plain of the Gulf of Mexico. In the 202 ...
, hosted by the
NCAA
The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) is a nonprofit organization that regulates student athletics among about 1,100 schools in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico. It also organizes the athletic programs of colleges an ...
.
*
Alexandre Dumas fils wrote the novel and stage adaptation ''
The Lady of the Camellias
''The'' () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article
An article is any member ...
'', wherein the flower is a symbol of a courtesan's sexual availability.
*
Augusta National Golf Club
Augusta National Golf Club, sometimes referred to as Augusta or the National, is a golf club in Augusta, Georgia, United States. Unlike most private clubs which operate as non-profits, Augusta National is a for-profit corporation, and it does no ...
's 10th hole is named "Camellia", one of many references to the plant nursery originally on the site of the course.
*
Rabindranath Tagore
Rabindranath Tagore (; bn, রবীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর; 7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941) was a Bengali polymath who worked as a poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social reformer and painter. He resh ...
wrote a poem entitled "Camellia" about a youth's longing for a young woman he sees on the train.
* In the book ''
To Kill a Mockingbird
''To Kill a Mockingbird'' is a novel by the American author Harper Lee. It was published in 1960 and was instantly successful. In the United States, it is widely read in high schools and middle schools. ''To Kill a Mockingbird'' has become ...
'', Jem destroys Mrs. Dubose's camellia bushes after she insults his family, yet he later receives a camellia bud from the dying woman.
* A white camellia flower is an iconic symbol of
Chanel
Chanel ( , ) is a French high-end luxury fashion house founded in 1910 by Coco Chanel in Paris. Chanel specializes in women's ready-to-wear, luxury goods, and accessories and licenses its name and branding to Luxottica for eyewear. Chanel is ...
haute couture
''Haute couture'' (; ; French for 'high sewing', 'high dressmaking') is the creation of exclusive custom-fitted high-end fashion design that is constructed by hand from start-to-finish. Beginning in the mid-nineteenth century, Paris became th ...
, a tradition started by
Coco Chanel herself who identified with the heroine of Dumas' work.
* Camellias have major significance in the
Akira Kurosawa film ''
Sanjuro'', likely due to their association with the concept of "a noble death" in samurai culture.
* White camellias became a symbol of the women's
suffrage
Suffrage, political franchise, or simply franchise, is the right to vote in representative democracy, public, political elections and referendums (although the term is sometimes used for any right to vote). In some languages, and occasionally i ...
movement in New Zealand and appears on the country's
ten-dollar note.
* The
Knights of the White Camelia was an organization similar to the
Ku Klux Klan
The Ku Klux Klan (), commonly shortened to the KKK or the Klan, is an American white supremacist, right-wing terrorist, and hate group whose primary targets are African Americans, Jews, Latinos, Asian Americans, Native Americans, and ...
.
*
Temple City, California's slogan since 1944 has been "Temple City, Home of Camellias", and the city has become well-known for its Camellia Festival.
* In Brazil, the camellia was a symbol of
abolitionist movement
Abolitionism, or the abolitionist movement, is the movement to end slavery. In Western Europe and the Americas, abolitionism was a historic movement that sought to end the Atlantic slave trade and liberate the enslaved people.
The British ...
during the Imperial Age. It was common practice for abolitionists to plant camellias in a show of solidarity.
* An Argentinian military march is called "
Avenida de las Camelias".
* Camellia flowers are featured on the cover of ''
The Silent Circus'', the second studio album by American
progressive metal band
Between the Buried and Me.
See also
*
List of Award of Garden Merit camellias
Below is a selected list of camellia cultivars which currently (2016)
hold the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. Camellias are popular shrubs of medium to large size (typically 1 to 4 cubic metres), originating in China and th ...
References
Further reading
* (2005): Mechanisms of action of emodepside. ''Parasitology Research'' 97(Supplement 1): S1-S10.
(HTML abstract)
* (2009): ''The True History of Tea''. Thames & Hudson. .
* F. Camangi, A. Stefani, T. Bracci, A. Minnocci, L. Sebastiani, A. Lippi, G. Cattolica, A.M. Santoro: ''Antiche camelie della Lucchesia (Storia, Botanico, Cultura, agronomia novità scientifiche e curiosità;
Orto Botanico Comunale di Lucca
The Orto Botanico Comunale di Lucca is a botanical garden located at Via del Giardino Botanico, 14, Lucca, Italy, and operated by the city. It is open daily during the warmer months, and weekday mornings off-season. An admission fee is charged.
...
).'' Edition ETS;
Lucca, 2012. Italian.
External links
The International Camellia SocietyThe American Camellia SocietyThe Southeastern Camellia SocietyWebsite with many Camellia illustrations from European and Japanese Camellia BooksFirst Public Camellia Showhistorical marker
{{Taxonbar, from=Q212815
Ericales genera
Symbols of Alabama