''Camanche'' (ACM-11/MMA-11) was the name given in 1945 to the former U.S. Army

Mine Planter Mine planter and the earlier "torpedo planter" was a term used for mine warfare ships into the early days of World War I. In later terminology, particularly in the United States, a mine planter was a ship specifically designed to install controlle ...

(USAMP) ''Brigadier General Royal T. Frank'' (MP-12) while in naval inactive reserve more than ten years after acquisition of the ship by Navy from the Army in 1944. The ship had previously been classified by the Navy as an Auxiliary Mine Layer (ACM) and then Minelayer, Auxiliary (MMA). The ship was never commissioned by Navy and thus never bore the "USS" prefix.

Construction

The ship was laid down as Hull Number 485 and launched in 1942 by Marietta Manufacturing Co., Point Pleasant, West Virginia for the U.S. Army Mine Planter Service as the USAMP ''Brigadier General Royal T. Frank'' (MP-12). She was the second Army mine planter named for the Civil War era officer with the first, built in 1909, being converted to an inter island transport in Hawaii operating as the U.S.A.T. ''Royal T. Frank'' which was sunk by torpedo from the Japanese submarine ''I-171'' on 9 January 1942 while carrying Army recruits with the loss of thirty-three lives.

U.S. Army Coast Artillery Corps Service

The ''Frank's'' embarked crew was, in Army terminology implemented November 1942, designated the 19th Coast Artillery Mine Planter Battery stationed at Fort Miles, Delaware. The 19th Coast Artillery Mine Planter Battery was activated 28 November 1942 at Fort Hancock, New York and was directed to Point Pleasant, West Virginia to man the USAMP ''Brigadier General Royal T. Frank'' (MP-12) which on 1 April 1943 was assigned to

Fort Miles Fort Miles was a United States Army World War II installation located on Cape Henlopen near Lewes, Delaware. Although funds to build the fort were approved in 1934, it was 1938 before construction began on the fort. On 3 June 1941 it was name ...

guarding the entrance to

Delaware Bay Delaware Bay is the estuary outlet of the Delaware River on the northeast seaboard of the United States. It is approximately in area, the bay's freshwater mixes for many miles with the saltwater of the Atlantic Ocean. The bay is bordered inlan ...

. There the ship and battery joined the 12th Coast Artillery Mine Planter Battery embarked in USAMP ''1st Lt. William G. Sylvester'' (MP-5) for the maintenance of the mine fields which during that year were being changed from the M3 Buoyant Mines to 455 mines of the much more powerful M4 Ground Mine type carrying a 3000-pound TNT charge planted in thirty-five groups of thirteen mines each. The ship's cable capability was to be used not only to maintain the mine control cables but the three hydrophone sets and the indicator loops acting as sensors in the approaches to the mine field.

Inactive Naval Service

Upon acquisition in 1944 the Navy renamed the Auxiliary Mine Layer ''ACM-11'' and, upon reclassification to Minelayer, Auxiliary on 7 February 1945, ''MMA-11''. On 1 May 1945 the name ''Camanche'' was given the vessel. The name had previously been used for an 1863/1864 monitor. As the lead ship of the second group of Army mine planters transferred to Navy the ship gave its name to the ''Camanche''-class auxiliary mine layers that, with the single exception of the ''Miantonomah'' (ACM-13/MMA-13), were immediately placed in reserve and never commissioned, converted or deployed. The ship was sold in 1948 to become the ''Pilgrim'' and later the ''Cape Cod''.

Namesakes

Royal T. Frank

Royal T. Frank was a career officer in the United States Army who graduated from West Point in 1858 and served until his retirement in 1899. He received two brevets (honorary promotions) for gallantry in action during the

American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states th ...

. He was commissioned as a brigadier general of volunteers during the

Spanish–American War , partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence , image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg , image_size = 300px , caption = (clock ...

. He was a member of the

Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States The Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States (MOLLUS), or simply the Loyal Legion is a United States patriotic order, organized April 15, 1865, by three veteran officers of the Army. The original membership was composed of members ...

and the

Sons of the Revolution Sons of the Revolution is a hereditary society which was founded in 1876 and educates the public about the American Revolution. The General Society Sons of the Revolution headquarters is a Pennsylvania non-profit corporation located at Willia ...

Comanche

The

Comanche The Comanche or Nʉmʉnʉʉ ( com, Nʉmʉnʉʉ, "the people") are a Native American tribe from the Southern Plains of the present-day United States. Comanche people today belong to the federally recognized Comanche Nation, headquartered in La ...

tribe is a Native American tribe from the Great Plains of the southwestern United States.

References

External links

*
Fort Miles-Principle Armament – Mine Field (photos)

* ttp://digital.lib.ecu.edu/11403 Photo: The ''Brig. General Royal T. Frank'' (MP-12) Bow (Marietta Manufacturing Company Records, Digital Collections, J.Y. Joyner Library, East Carolina University)