Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music, Inc. (sometimes referred to as Hecht-Lancaster-Buzzell Music Publishing, and later known as Hecht & Buzzell Music, Inc. and Colby Music, Inc.) was an American music publishing company founded by film producer Harold Hecht, his brother-in-law Loring Buzzell, and Hecht's business partner, actor/producer

Burt Lancaster Burton Stephen Lancaster (November 2, 1913 – October 20, 1994) was an American actor and producer. Initially known for playing tough guys with a tender heart, he went on to achieve success with more complex and challenging roles over a 45-yea ...

. Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music was solely associated with the

American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers The American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers (ASCAP) () is an American not-for-profit performance-rights organization (PRO) that collectively licenses the public performance rights of its members' musical works to venues, broadca ...

(ASCAP). The three partners also founded the music publishing company Calyork Music, Inc. (sometimes referred to as Calyork Music Corporation or Calyork Music Publishing), which was solely associated with

Broadcast Music, Inc. Broadcast Music, Inc. (BMI) is a performance rights organization in the United States. It collects blanket license fees from businesses that use music, entitling those businesses to play or sync any songs from BMI's repertoire of over 20.6 milli ...

(BMI). Hecht, Lancaster and Buzzell also briefly operated their own record label, Calyork Records, which was active in the late 1950s. Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music, Calyork Music and Calyork Records were divisions of Hecht and Lancaster's film production corporation

Norma Productions Norma may refer to: * Norma (given name), a given name (including a list of people with the name) Astronomy * Norma (constellation) *555 Norma, a minor asteroid * Cygnus Arm or Norma Arm, a spiral arm in the Milky Way galaxy Geography *Norma, La ...

. Compositions published by Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music and Calyork Music have been recorded by dozens of artists and have in turn been released by such record labels as

Columbia Records Columbia Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music, Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, the North American division of Japanese Conglomerate (company), conglomerate Sony. It was founded on Janua ...

, Warner Bros. Records,

MGM Records MGM Records was a record label founded by the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film studio in 1946 for the purpose of releasing soundtrack recordings (later LP albums) of their musical films. It transitioned into a pop music label that continued into the ...

, ABC-Paramount Records,

Capitol Records Capitol Records, LLC (known legally as Capitol Records, Inc. until 2007) is an American record label distributed by Universal Music Group through its Capitol Music Group imprint. It was founded as the first West Coast-based record label of note ...

London Records London Recordings (or London Records and London Music Stream) is a British record label that marketed records in the United States, Canada, and Latin America for Decca Records from 1947 to 1980 before becoming semi-independent. The London nam ...

, United Artists Records,

Decca Records Decca Records is a British record label established in 1929 by Edward Lewis (Decca), Edward Lewis. Its U.S. label was established in late 1934 by Lewis, Jack Kapp, American Decca's first president, and Milton Rackmil, who later became American ...

, Mercury Records, RCA Victor Records, Jubilee Records, Coral Records, Top Rank Records,

Date Records Date Records was a sub-label of Columbia Records which had two different incarnations. The first incarnation was a short-lived rockabilly label in 1958 which included a release by Billy "Crash" Craddock. The more significant incarnation was relau ...

, Kapp Records, Apollo Records, Everest Records and Cabot Records; as well as their own imprints Calyork Records and Maine Records.

Origin, Cromwell Music association and Leigh Music

Following World War II, Hollywood's Golden Age started to fade. After a 1948 ruling that major studios could no longer own theater houses and thereby monopolize production, distribution and exhibition, things changed greatly. More room was awarded to independent producers, and fewer relied on long-term deals with major studios. Talent agent Harold Hecht and actor

formed

, a film production company, in the summer of 1947. But income in the movie business box office, although far from poor, continued to dwindle, because of stiff competition from radio and television. By the mid-1950s most households owned a television, and the producers who could afford it started producing shows for that market. A similar situation was happening in the music business, as most households owned at least one phonograph. All the major studios either bought out existing record labels or started their own. The studios also began exploiting the

soundtrack album A soundtrack album is any album that incorporates music directly recorded from the soundtrack of a particular feature film or television show. The first such album to be commercially released was Walt Disney's ''Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs'' ...

, which had before then mostly been an M-G-M musical fad but caught on with all types of films in the mid-1950s. In January 1955 Hecht-Lancaster Productions, by then the leading independent film production unit in Hollywood, announced that it was extending its operations into music publishing, entering into a partnership with Howie Richmond's Cromwell Music, Inc. company. The contacts were made through Loring Bruce Buzzell, Hecht's brother-in-law (the brother of his first wife, Gloria Joyce Buzzell), who worked for Richmond at Cromwell Music. Loring and Gloria's father, Samuel Jesse Buzzell, had been a music patent attorney, and their uncle, Edward Buzzell, was a successful film director. Both Hecht and Buzzell had worked for

Irving Mills Irving Harold Mills (born Isadore Minsky; January 16, 1894 – April 21, 1985) was an American music publisher, musician, lyricist, and jazz artist promoter. He sometimes used the pseudonyms Goody Goodwin and Joe Primrose. Personal Mills was ...

' Mills Music, Inc. company earlier in their careers. Buzzell was also a field man for the

(ASCAP) and in July 1954 married singer

Lu Ann Simms Lu Ann Simms (born Lucille Anne Ciminelli; July 11, 1932 – September 21, 2003)Original data: Social Security Applications and Claims, 1936-2007. was an American singer well-known in the 1950s. A performer since the age of three, she became an ...

(née Lu Ann Ciminelli), who got her big break performing on the Arthur Godfrey show and had since then released a series of successful singles through

. Hecht-Lancaster Productions first published the music from their film '' Marty'' in April and June 1955 through Cromwell Music. This gave way for a series of interpretations by various artists of ''Martys theme song. Hecht-Lancaster Productions' next film soundtrack, '' The Kentuckian'', composed by Bernard Herrmann, was published through Frank Loesser's publishing company, Frank Music, Inc. It is unknown what kind of deal Hecht and Lancaster worked out with Frank Loesser, or if Hermann had a publishing deal directly with Loesser. In June 1956, it was announced that Hecht, Lancaster and Buzzell had formed their own music publishing company, Leigh Music, Inc., which would be co-publishing music from their 1956 film '' Trapeze'' with Cromwell Music. The name of the company was based on Buzzell's daughter Cynthia Leigh Buzzell. On July 6, 1956, the title song, ''Trapeze'', was co-published through Cromwell Music and Leigh Music. By the second song co-published, ''Lola's Theme'', on August 24, 1956, Leigh Music had been renamed Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music, Inc. The new company was listed under the same address as Cromwell Music: 151 West 46th Street, New York City. ''Lola's Theme'' also received various interpretations and singles. In mid-July 1956, the Hollywood-based Record Releasing Corporation approached Hecht-Lancaster Productions regarding a music a deal, though no information surfaced as to future plans.

Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music and Calyork Music publishing companies

The new company remained silent for the next six months, until a press announcement was made in March 1957. By then, Hecht-Lancaster Productions had made James Hill a full partner in the company and changed its name to

Hecht-Hill-Lancaster Productions Hecht-Hill-Lancaster was a production company formed by the actor Burt Lancaster in association with his agent, Harold Hecht, and James Hill. In 1948 Lancaster and Hecht formed Norma Productions (named after his wife), which later became Hecht-La ...

, which was a subsidiary of

, but Hill was not included in the music venture. The announcement revealed that Harold Hecht, Loring Buzzell and Burt Lancaster had formed a publishing company with plans to publish the scores of Hecht-Hill-Lancaster Productions films and non-film-related pop music. Two separate publishing firms were announced in the March 1957 press release. Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music, Inc. was to be solely associated with

ASCAP The American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers (ASCAP) () is an American not-for-profit performance-rights organization (PRO) that collectively licenses the public performance rights of its members' musical works to venues, broadca ...

, while Calyork Music, Inc. was to work exclusively with BMI (Calyork Music's CAE/IPI number is 4901911). The name Calyork was a combination of California, where Hecht and Lancaster were based, and New York, where Buzzell was based and where Hecht and Lancaster were originally from. The partners intended to alter between the companies for each release, starting with the soundtrack to Hecht-Hill-Lancaster Productions' '' The Bachelor Party'' through Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell, and then the soundtrack to '' Sweet Smell of Success'' through Calyork. Both Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music and Calyork Music were under the umbrella of Norma Productions. In the summer of 1957, Howie Richmond announced that he was interested in acquiring overseas distribution of the Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell soundtracks.

Notable releases and success

The soundtrack to Hecht-Lancaster Productions' film '' Trapeze'' was released by

in June 1956 (catalog CL 870), to a degree of success. But it was the film's and soundtrack LP's theme song, ''Lola's Theme'', that became a radio favorite. It spanned three successful singles interpreted by different bands; in June 1956 Columbia Records released a Muir Mathieson Orchestra version featuring ''Lola's Theme'' on the A-side and ''Mike and Lola's Love Theme'' on the B-side (catalog Columbia 40725). This was followed in July by a Coral Records release of Steve Allen's version featuring ''Lola's Theme'' on the A-side and ''Conversation (on the Telephone)'' on the B-side (catalog Coral 61681). Later that same month, a third single was released by Mercury Records of Ralph Marterie and His Orchestra's version featuring ''Lola's Theme'' on the A-side and ''Yes Sir, That's My Baby'' on the B-side (catalog Mercury 70197). Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music and Calyork Music went on to publish songs for every future Norma Productions (and its subsidiary companies) films. Their films include '' The Bachelor Party'' and '' Sweet Smell of Success'' in 1957, ''

Run Silent, Run Deep ''Run Silent, Run Deep'' is a novel by Commander (later Captain) Edward L. Beach Jr. published in 1955 by Henry Holt & Co. The story describes World War II submarine warfare in the Pacific Ocean, and deals with themes of vengeance, endurance, c ...

'' and '' Separate Tables'' (which was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Music, Scoring of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture) in 1958, '' Cry Tough'', ''

The Rabbit Trap ''The Rabbit Trap'' is a 1959 American drama film directed by Philip Leacock based on a 1955 ''Goodyear Television Playhouse'' teleplay by JP MillerTake a Giant Step'' and '' Summer of the Seventeenth Doll'' in 1959 and finally, '' The Unforgiven'' in 1960. It is now practically impossible to know all of the various interpretations of songs copyrighted and published by Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music and Calyork Music, as some may only have been performed live with no documentation, others may have been recorded but not released, while others may have been recorded and released but did not chart. However, most of the movie soundtracks have been well discussed, even in negative criticism. The company's first official single, the theme song from '' The Bachelor Party'', was composed and performed by Alex North but was not successful. ''Theme Song from The Bachelor Party'' appeared on the B-side of an RCA Victor Records 7" showcasing Alex North's theme for ''

Playhouse 90 ''Playhouse 90'' was an American television anthology series, anthology drama series that aired on CBS from 1956 to 1960 for a total of 133 episodes. The show was produced at CBS Television City in Los Angeles, California. Since live anthology dr ...

'' on the A-side (catalog Victor 6896). The company's second offering, which featured music from '' Sweet Smell of Success'', was extremely well received and was also of significant importance in the soundtrack category. ''Sweet Smell of Success'' marked the first time that a film had two different soundtracks, each featuring completely different music. Thus, ''Sweet Smell of Success'' spanned two soundtrack LPs and two promotional singles. The first soundtrack LP was released in July 1957 by

(catalog DL 8610) and featured the jazz score composed by

Elmer Bernstein Elmer Bernstein ( '; April 4, 1922August 18, 2004) was an American composer and conductor. In a career that spanned over five decades, he composed "some of the most recognizable and memorable themes in Hollywood history", including over 150 origi ...

. That same month, the lead single was released by Decca Records with the songs ''The Street'' and ''Toots Shor's Blues'' (catalog Decca 30379). The second soundtrack LP featured music composed and performed by the Chico Hamilton Quintet, who also appeared in the film. Decca Records released this LP in August 1957 (catalog DL 8614) and promoted it with a single by Mark Murphy featuring ''Goodbye Baby'' on the A-side and ''The Right Kind of Woman'' on the B-side (catalog Decca 30390). In October 1958 the Clifton Productions film (a subsidiary of Norma Productions) '' Separate Tables'' yielded three singles of its theme song. The first was performed by Vic Damone, released by

(catalog Columbia 41287); the second was by Eydie Gormé, released by ABC-Paramount Records (catalog ABC 9971); and the third was by Lu Ann Simms, released by Jubilee Records (catalog Jubilee 1092). The Columbia Records single became Damone's best-selling record. Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music's most significant song was ''

May You Always "May You Always" is a popular song by Larry Markes (lyrics) and Dick Charles (pseudonym of Richard Charles Krieg), published in 1958. The biggest hit version in the United States was by the McGuire Sisters where it peaked at No. 11 on the ''Bill ...

'', composed by

Dick Charles Dick Charles (born Richard Charles Krieg; February 24, 1919 in Newark, New Jersey – July 17, 1998) was an American songwriter. Career His education ended with high school graduation, after which he worked in a Newark photography store as a cler ...

and Larry Markes in the fall of 1958. It was first recorded by the McGuire Sisters, who were friends of Lu Ann Simms and had worked with her on the Arthur Godfrey show and attended Simms and Buzzell's wedding. The version recorded by the McGuire Sisters, released by Coral Records (catalog Coral 62059), peaked at number 11 on

Billboard A billboard (also called a hoarding in the UK and many other parts of the world) is a large outdoor advertising structure (a billing board), typically found in high-traffic areas such as alongside busy roads. Billboards present large advertise ...

Hot 100 The ''Billboard'' Hot 100 is the music industry standard record chart in the United States for songs, published weekly by '' Billboard'' magazine. Chart rankings are based on sales (physical and digital), radio play, and online streaming ...

chart on January 26, 1959, and became the best-selling record of 1959; the song also became the second-best-selling sheet music in the United States and a top ten in Britain. Other artists who have recorded the song include Vince Hill and Ken Dodd, both for EMI,

The Kays The O'Kaysions are an American pop band from Kenly, North Carolina that first formed in 1959. They are best known for their 1968 million-seller " Girl Watcher". Career The group first formed under the name The Kays in 1959, and scored a Top 10 ...

for Gala Records, Barbara Cook for DRG Records,

John Warren John Warren may refer to: Medicine * John Warren (surgeon) (1753–1815), American surgeon during the Revolutionary War * John Collins Warren (1778–1856), American surgeon * John Collins Warren Jr. (1842–1927), American surgeon, son of John C ...

Joe "Mr Piano" Henderson Joe "Mr Piano" Henderson (2 May 1920 – 4 May 1980) was a British pianist born in Glasgow, Scotland, who was most active during the 1950s. Early life and career Henderson was taught to play the piano by his mother and became a pro ...

and The Jean-Ettes, all for Pye Records,

Maureen Evans Maureen Evans (born 23 March 1940, Cardiff, Wales) is a Welsh pop singer who achieved fame in the 1950s and 1960s. Career Evans career began as a singer with Waldini's Gypsy Band in the mid-1950s, mainly doing summer seasons at UK holiday res ...

for

Embassy Records Embassy Records was a UK budget record label that produced cover versions of current hit songs, which were sold exclusively in Woolworths shops at a lower price than the original recordings. The original label was active between 1954 and 1965, a ...

, Carol Williams for Melcot Music,

Anita Bryant Anita Jane Bryant (born March 25, 1940) is an American singer known for anti-gay activism. She scored four "Top 40" hits in the United States in the late 1950s and early 1960s, including "Paper Roses" which reached No. 5 on the charts. She was th ...

for Columbia Records,

Tammy Jones Tammy Jones (born Helen Wyn Jones, 12 March 1944), is a singer from Bangor, North Wales. Musical career Jones began singing at an early age, winning many Eisteddfod competitions, and was soon established as a regular on both radio and television ...

and Bobby Vinton, both for

Epic Records Epic Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America Sony Corporation of America (SONAM, also known as SCA), is the American arm of the Japanese conglomerate Sony Group ...

, Page Morton for M-G-M Records, Dave Garroway and Sandy Stewart for Dick Charles Recording, Harry Harrison for

Amy Records DJ copy of Kinetic Energy 1969 Amy 45 Amy Records was a record label formed in 1960 as a subsidiary of Bell Records. Artists who had success on Amy included Al Brown's Tunetoppers with "The Madison" (Amy 804 charted #23), a dance tune in 1960, Jo ...

, The Gatlin Brother for Branson Entertainment, Eddy Arnold for RCA-Victor Records, Ian McNabb for This Way Up, The Mills Brothers for Dot Records, Johnny Gilbert for Janel Records,

Deep River Boys The Deep River Boys were an American gospel music group active from the mid-1930s and into the 1980s. The group performed spirituals, gospel, and R&B. Members The original group consisted of Harry Douglass (baritone), Vernon Gardner (first teno ...

for

Fontana Records Fontana Records is a record label that was started in the 1950s as a subsidiary of the Dutch Philips Records. The independent label distributor Fontana Distribution takes its name from the label. History Fontana started in the 1950s as a subs ...

, Jack Scott for Jade Records, and Dorothy Squires for Esban Records. The theme song from '' The Unforgiven'', titled "The Unforgiven – The Need for Love", was composed by Dimitri Tiomkin with lyrics by Ned Washington and was very successful with many recordings by popular artists in the early 1960s. It was recorded by Don Costa, Tito Rodríguez and Roy Liberto, all three for United Artists Records,

The McGuire Sisters The McGuire Sisters were a singing trio in American popular music. The group was composed of three sisters: * Ruby Christine McGuire (July 30, 1926 – December 28, 2018) * Dorothy "Dottie" McGuire (February 13, 1928 – September 7, 2012) * Ph ...

for Coral Records,

Clyde Otis Clyde Lovern Otis (September 11, 1924 – January 8, 2008), was an American songwriter and record producer, best known for his collaboration with singer Brook Benton, and for being one of the first African-American A&R executives at a major label ...

for Mercury Records, Ronnie Hilton and Gloria Lasso, both for HMV Records, The Wally Stott Orchestra And Chorus for Pye Records, Ron Goodwin and His Orchestra for Parlophone Records, Jackie Gleason for Capitol Records, Earl Bostic and Leon Pops Orchestra, both for King Records, Franck Pourcel for

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, Robert Jeantal and Michel Clement, both for Philips Records,

François Deguelt François Deguelt (, born Louis Deghelt, 4 December 1932 – 22 January 2014) was a French singer, best known for his participation on behalf of Monaco in the Eurovision Song Contests of 1960 and 1962. Biography Deguelt gave up his studies to b ...

, Max Jaffa and Norrie Paramor, both for Columbia Records,

Helmut Zacharias Helmut Zacharias (27 January 192028 February 2002) was a German violinist and composer who created over 400 works and sold 14 million records. He also appeared in a number of films, usually playing musicians. Early life Helmut Zacharias was bo ...

for Polydor Records, The Clebanoff Strings for Mercury Records, Petula Clark for

Disques Vogue Disques Vogue was a jazz record company founded in France by Léon Cabat and Charles Delaunay in 1947, the year after the American Vogue label ceased. They originally specialized in jazz, featuring American performers such as Sidney Bechet, D ...

, Frank Chacksfield for

Ace of Clubs Records Ace of Clubs was a record label founded by British Decca in 1959 for reissuing low-priced, classical, early jazz and popular music in Europe. Its partner label, Ace of Hearts Records, issued music from the U.S. References See also * List of reco ...

Lew Douglas Lew Douglas (August 25, 1912 – November 11, 1997) was an American composer, arranger, and conductor. Background Born in Grand Rapids, Michigan, Douglas was in the Army during the second world war and became an arranger and conductor for som ...

for

Carlton Records Carlton Records was a record label based in New York City that was formed by former RCA Records A&R head Joe Carlton in 1957. Guaranteed Records was a sublabel of Carlton. Carlton Records lasted until 1964. The most notable recording artists on C ...

, The Medallion Strings for

Medallion Records Medallion Records was a record label (1919–late 1921 or early 1922) owned by the Baldwin Piano Corporation of Cincinnati, Ohio. Most Medallion issues were pressed from masters leased from Emerson Records, whose catalogue included early jazz re ...

, Jesse Crawford for Decca Records, and Gino Mescoli for Vesuvius Records. Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music also had fruitful collaboration with songwriters Kenny Jacobson and Rhoda Roberts, from whom they published and copyrighted over thirty songs. Some of these included "Just for Two" and "Somebody Loses, Somebody Wins", both recorded by

Jaye P. Morgan Jaye P. Morgan (born Mary Margaret Morgan) is a retired American popular music singer, actress, and game show panelist. Early life Morgan was born in Mancos in Montezuma County in far southwestern Colorado. Her family moved to California by t ...

for M-G-M Records, "Run, Don't Walk", "The Mooch" and "Bye Um Bye", all three recorded by Lu Ann Simms for Columbia Records and Jubilee Records, "Baby, Je Vous Aime", "Crazy Dreamer", "That's All That Matters" and "The Wonder of It All", all four recorded by Bobby Miller for Jubilee Records and Apollo Records, "Midnight Blue" and "This Could Be the Night", both recorded by Herb Corey for Top Rank Records, "Easy Does It", recorded by

Johnny Mathis John Royce Mathis (born September 30, 1935) is an American singer of popular music. Starting his career with singles of standard music, he became highly popular as an album artist, with several dozen of his albums achieving gold or platinum s ...

for Columbia Records, "I'll Be Waitin'", recorded by

Kenny Rankin Kenneth Joseph Rankin (February 10, 1940 – June 7, 2009) was an American singer and songwriter in the folk rock and singer-songwriter genres; he was influenced by jazz. Rankin would often sing notes in a high range to express emotion. Biogr ...

for Decca Records, "Didja Mean Whatcha Said?", recorded by

Steve Karmen Steve Karmen (born January 31, 1937) is an American composer, most famous for several jingles. Among his better known works are the New York State song, "I Love New York", the jingle Here Comes the King for Budweiser, the Hershey's chocolate jingle ...

for Mercury Records, "Made for Each Other", recorded by

Don Rondo Don Rondo (born Donald T. Rondeau; January 5, 1930 – January 27, 2011) was an American singer of popular music ballads during the mid-1950s, known for his distinctive baritone voice. Career Rondo, born in Ware, Massachusetts, first became popula ...

for Jubilee Records, "Lovable", recorded by Jill Corey for Columbia Records, "Have Another", recorded by

Lou Monte Lou Monte (born Louis Scaglione; April 2, 1917 – June 12, 1989) was an Italian American singer best known for a number of best-selling, Italian-themed novelty records which he recorded for both RCA Victor and Reprise Records in the late 1950 ...

for RCA-Victor Records, "Bye Um Bye" recorded by Margaret Imlau for Decca Records, "This Could be the Night", recorded by The Arena Twins for Kapp Records, and "Cafe of Blue Mirrors" and "Ragamuffin's Holiday", both recorded by Ken Colby for Maine Records."Reviews of New Pop Records"
''Billboard'', April 6, 1959.

Calyork Records and Maine Records

Little documentation has been found about Calyork Records and Maine Records, two record labels that Hecht, Lancaster and Buzzell operated together. Most independent record labels of the era pressed records in extremely limited quantities and were only sent to radio disk jockeys and magazine representatives, in the hope of creating enough buzz to secure a major record label re-release for the outing. In most cases, the independent record labels of the era used their releases as portfolios or demos to shop to the major record labels. As such, few copies of Calyork Records or Maine Records releases have survived. The only known release by Calyork Records is from 1958; the two songs featured on the disk were published on April 15, 1958. The 45 RPM 7" vinyl credits Calyork Records with the two songs published to Calyork Music as a Lou Bartel Production (songwriter and producer). It features the songs ''Anxiously Waiting'' and ''She Flipped Me'' performed by

doo wop Doo-wop (also spelled doowop and doo wop) is a genre of rhythm and blues music that originated in African-American communities during the 1940s, mainly in the large cities of the United States, including New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Chica ...

band The Flipteens. The record also indicates that it is a "Promotion Record" and a "Sample Copy Not For Sale". The address of the record label listed 729 7th Avenue, New York City as its headquarters, which was where the Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music offices were then located, having moved out of Howard S. Richmond's office at 151 West 46th Street in New York City. The record was manufactured by United Artists Records, which had a pressing plant in the same building as the Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell companies. The only known release by Maine Records, also known as Maine Record Company, is from 1959. Maine Records was named after the

State of Maine Maine () is a U.S. state, state in the New England and Northeastern United States, Northeastern regions of the United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Provinces and territories of Canad ...

, where Buzzell had gone to university (he also named another company, Colby Music, after his alma mater). In March 1959, Maine Records released a 45 RPM 7" vinyl by Ken Colby featuring the songs ''Cafe of Blue Mirrors'' and ''Ragamuffin's Holiday'', two songs already published by Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music. The record was manufactured and distributed by Jubilee Records.

Colby Music and overseas licensing

Buzzell, Hecht and Lancaster initially had to work out a licensing deal for their published songs to be legally available outside the United States and collect royalties for their songwriters. Buzzell worked out a tie-up deal with Howard S. Richmond's British-based subsidiary Essex Music, Ltd. Records and sheet music released in the United Kingdom were listed as from Essex Music, Ltd. Ultimately, Hecht, Lancaster and Buzzell founded their own British imprint, Colby Music, Ltd. The name of the company came from Buzzell's alma mater

Colby University Colby College is a Private college, private Liberal arts colleges in the United States, liberal arts college in Waterville, Maine. It was founded in 1813 as the Maine Literary and Theological Institution, then renamed Waterville College after the ...

. Colby Music was also extended to several other European countries, which were each represented by local firms. In Germany, Colby Music was represented by

Julian Aberbach Julian J. Aberbach (8 February 1909 – 17 May 2004) was an Austrian-born music publisher, who lived and worked in both the United States and France. He was responsible, with his younger brother Jean Aberbach, for establishing the Hill and Range mus ...

, while in Sweden the Scandinavian rights were licensed to Multitone Musikförlag by its New York representative Claes Dahlgren.

Demise

Calyork Music's final known registry is listed on September 23, 1958, with three

songs. Although the copyrights and royalty collections remained active, no new works were published under that company, with Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music taking on all new publishing. The Hecht and Lancaster Companies started having interpersonal issues in early 1959, resulting in an announced hiatus from the film business in April 1959. In July 1959 Harold Hecht and Gloria Buzzell separated. This may have caused friction between Hecht and the Buzzell family. Both of these factors played against Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music. On October 20, 1959, Loring Buzzell suffered a fatal heart attack. Following this, few additional songs were published by Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music. The exceptions include the theme songs for the Hecht-Hill-Lancaster Productions film '' Summer of the Seventeenth Doll'' and four songs co-written by widowed Lu Ann Simms and family friend

. The final material published by the firm was Dimitri Tiomkin's soundtrack of the Hecht-Hill-Lancaster Productions film '' The Unforgiven'', which was filled under the modified company name Hecht & Buzzell Music, Inc., as the film production company had dissolved by then and the three partners had gone their separate ways. Hecht & Buzzell Music was managed by Harold Hecht and Lu Ann Simms. Simms took over the publishing companies following her husband's death and continued after Hecht's exit. By 1961, Calyork Music and Hecht & Buzzell Music's addresses were listed as 119 West 57th Street, New York City, which was

Irvin Feld Irvin Feld (April 19, 1918 – September 6, 1984) was a business entrepreneur who built a chain of record stores, promoted rock groups, produced concerts involving some of the biggest names in popular music. He was also the head of Ringling Bros ...

's business address, who also administered other notable music publishing firms like Desilu Music Corp. Calyork Music remained intact through BMI and continued to be administered by Feld. Hecht & Buzzell Music was however renamed, yet again, around 1965, this time to Colby Music, Inc., which made it easier to relate the company its existing British and European venture Colby Music, Ltd. Colby Music's address was listed care of Samuel Jesse Buzzell (Loring's father), 460 Park Avenue, New York. A deal was made with Richmond's Essex Music, Inc. to administer Colby Music, Inc. Many of the songs that had been previously recorded were re-issued on discs with updated publishing credits to Colby Music, which continues to administer the songs through ASCAP.

Published works

This list was compiled from the Catalog of Copyright Entries, Music from 1955–1960. It is believed to be incomplete.Calatog of Copyright Entries, Music, 1960
/ref> * Composer legend: a = arrangement, l = lyrics, m = music, w = words

Partial list of releases

Though Hecht, Lancaster and Buzzell briefly operated the record labels Calyork Records and Maine Records, the majority of the recordings made from their published songs have been released on vinyl, cassette, CD and digitally through other record labels. This list is an attempt to document the company's efforts. Legend: ≈ = Cromwell Music publishing, † = Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music publishing, ¤ = Calyork Music publishing, ‡ = Hecht & Buzzell Music publishing

Singles

LPs

References

External links

Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Inc on DiscogsHecht & Buzzell Inc on Discogs
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hecht-Lancaster and Buzzell Music 1956 establishments in New York City Companies based in New York City Defunct companies based in New York City Mass media companies established in 1956 Music organizations based in the United States Music publishing companies of the United States Norma Productions Production music