Calynda (also Calinda, Calydna, or Karynda; grc, Κάλυνδα) was a city in ancient Caria.

History

It was probably situated at the boundary of Lycia and Caria, for it is placed in the former territory by Ptolemy (xxxi, 16), in the latter by

Stephanus Byzantius Stephanus or Stephan of Byzantium ( la, Stephanus Byzantinus; grc-gre, Στέφανος Βυζάντιος, ''Stéphanos Byzántios''; centuryAD), was a Byzantine grammarian and the author of an important geographical dictionary entitled ''Ethni ...

. Stephanus gives also another form of the name, Karynda. Calynda must be carefully distinguished from Kalydna, Kalydnos, Karyanda and

Kadyanda ) , image = Kadyanda Theatre 7563.jpg , alt = , caption = Cadianda theatre , map_type = Turkey , map_alt = , map_size = 270 , coordinates = , location = Fethiye, Muğla Province, Turkey , region = Lycia , type = Settlement ...

Strabo Strabo''Strabo'' (meaning "squinty", as in strabismus) was a term employed by the Romans for anyone whose eyes were distorted or deformed. The father of Pompey was called "Pompeius Strabo". A native of Sicily so clear-sighted that he could see ...

places it 60 stadia from the sea, west of the Gulf of Glaucus, and east of Caunus. It appears, from a passage in Herodotus, that the territory of Caunus bordered on that of Calynda. Its king,

Damasithymos Damasithymus (; el, Δαμασίθυμος; fl. early 5th century BC) was the king of Calyndos ( el, Κάλυνδος), a city in ancient Caria. His father was Candaules ( el, Κανδαύλης). Herodotus, in the seventh and eighth books of ...

, was an ally of Queen Artemisia I of Caria, and was at the Battle of Artemisium and the

Battle of Salamis The Battle of Salamis ( ) was a naval battle fought between an alliance of Greek city-states under Themistocles and the Persian Empire under King Xerxes in 480 BC. It resulted in a decisive victory for the outnumbered Greeks. The battle was ...

with a ship on the side of Xerxes. Calynda was afterwards, as it appears from

Polybius Polybius (; grc-gre, Πολύβιος, ; ) was a Greek historian of the Hellenistic period. He is noted for his work , which covered the period of 264–146 BC and the Punic Wars in detail. Polybius is important for his analysis of the mixed ...

, subject to Caunus; but having revolted from Caunus, it placed itself under the protection of the

Rhodians Rhodes (; el, Ρόδος , translit=Ródos ) is the largest and the historical capital of the Dodecanese islands of Greece. Administratively, the island forms a separate municipality within the Rhodes regional unit, which is part of the So ...

. Pliny writes its name Calydna. It is mentioned among the cities that struck coins in the Roman period. Its site is located near Kozpınar, Asiatic Turkey.

Bishopric

The diocese is not mentioned in the '' Notitiae episcopatuum'', but we know that it was at a certain time a

suffragan A suffragan bishop is a type of bishop in some Christian denominations. In the Anglican Communion, a suffragan bishop is a bishop who is subordinate to a metropolitan bishop or diocesan bishop (bishop ordinary) and so is not normally jurisdictiona ...

Myra Myra ( grc, Μύρα, ''Mýra'') was a Lycian, then ancient Greek, then Greco-Roman, then Byzantine Greek, then Ottoman town in Lycia, which became the small Turkish town of Kale, renamed Demre in 2005, in the present-day Antalya Province of ...

, the metropolis of Lycia, for Bishop Leontius of Calynda is mentioned in 458 in the letter of the Lycian bishops to the Roman emperor Leo I about the death of Proterius of Alexandria. No longer a residential bishopric, Calynda is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see.''Annuario Pontificio 2013'' (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 ), p. 856

References

Sources

* * Populated places in ancient Caria Populated places in ancient Lycia Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Turkey Former populated places in Turkey Catholic titular sees in Asia History of Muğla Province {{Muğla-geo-stub