Calor licitantis is a Latin phrase, the literal translation of which is, "heat of soliciting." The functional use of the phrase in both modern times and antiquity
is "bidder's heat". This is also known as "auction fever".
Origins
The phenomenon of calor licitantis is believed to be as old as auctions themselves.
This term was first used in the court system of
Rome
, established_title = Founded
, established_date = 753 BC
, founder = King Romulus (legendary)
, image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg
, map_caption ...
to describe the irrational behavior of bidders at auctions. The use of the phrase seemed to describe both the mental state of the bidder and the result of that state; specifically, that through the bidding process undertaken by one suffering from ''calor licitantis'', the price of an item was driven above and beyond its typical or expected value.
Bidder's Heat in Antiquity
According to the
Corpus Juris Civilis
The ''Corpus Juris'' (or ''Iuris'') ''Civilis'' ("Body of Civil Law") is the modern name for a collection of fundamental works in jurisprudence, issued from 529 to 534 by order of Justinian I, Byzantine Emperor. It is also sometimes referred ...
, the official body of Roman law, a bidder could be released from their bond to a purchase if ''calor licitantis'' had led to inflation of the price of the item in question such that the bidder could not reasonably pay to it. The passage in
Corpus Juris Civilis
The ''Corpus Juris'' (or ''Iuris'') ''Civilis'' ("Body of Civil Law") is the modern name for a collection of fundamental works in jurisprudence, issued from 529 to 534 by order of Justinian I, Byzantine Emperor. It is also sometimes referred ...
that addresses ''calor lcitantis'' this states:
''Locatio vectigalium, quae calor licitantis ultra modum solitae conductionis inflavit, ita demum admittenda est, si fideiussores idoneos et cautionem is qui licitatione vicerit offerre paratus sit.''
Translated: "A tax lease that has been inflated beyond the usual sum due to bidding fever shall only be admitted if the winner of the auction is able to provide reliable bondsmen and securities."
Modern Equivalents
Certain contemporary consumer psychologists attribute bidding-fever to the pleasure derived from winning an auction, as opposed any particular desire to own the object being sold at auction.
The irrational behavior focused on the success of acquiring an object is sometimes referred to be the related terms "loser's curse" and "winner's curse".
See also
*
Jump bidding
In auction theory, jump bidding is the practice of increasing the current price in an English auction, substantially more than the minimal allowed amount.
Puzzle
At first glance, jump bidding seems irrational. Apparently, in an English auction ...
- an apparently irrational behavior of bidders in an English auction.
References
{{Reflist, refs=
[Paulus. Corpus Iuris Civilis. (D. 39,4,9 pr. S 5,1a,1]
[Lee, Y, Malmendier U. The Bidder's Curse. UC Berkeley. October 26, 2009. Retrieved from: http://emlab.berkeley.edu/~ulrike/Papers/bidderscurse22_without_Online_Appendix_corr.pdf. Accessed 03/22/2014.]
[Arliey, D, Simonson, I. Buying, Bidding, Playing, or Competing? Value Assessment and DECISION DYNAMICS IN ONLINE AUCTIONS. JOURNAL OF CONSUMER PSYCHOLOGY, 13(1&2), 113–123. 2003. Retrieved from: http://people.duke.edu/~dandan/Papers/Other/auctionjcp.pdf. Accessed 03/22/2014.]
[Shell, E.R. Cheap: The High Cost of Discount Culture. Penguin Press. New York, NY. 2009. p.]
Bidding strategy