''Callicore'' is a genus of nymphalid butterfly found in the Neotropical realm. This genus, like some related ones, was formerly lumped together as the

paraphyletic In taxonomy (general), taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's most recent common ancestor, last common ancestor and most of its descendants, excluding a few Monophyly, monophyletic subgroups. The group is said to be pa ...

Catagramma ''"Catagramma"'' is an obsolete genus of Neotropical butterflies; the name continues to be used e.g. among butterfly collectors as a form taxon. ''"Catagramma"'' species are popularly known as 88s, in reference to a pattern on the hindwing und ...

'' assemblage. Species in this genus are commonly called eighty-eights or numberwings like the related genera '' Diaethria'' and ''

Perisama Perisama is a brush-footed butterfly genus found in the Neotropical realm, ranging from Colombia and Venezuela to Argentina. Species Listed alphabetically by group and within groups:849]"">"''Perisama'' Doubleday,

'', in reference to the characteristic patterns on the hindwing undersides of many. In ''Callicore'', the pattern consists of bluish dots surrounded by black and looks more like "αB" or "8°", though some members of this genus have a completely different arrangement of dots. The forewing undersides vary little between species, being black with one or two broad orange-yellow bands in the basal Basal or basilar is a term meaning ''base'', ''bottom'', or ''minimum''. Science * Basal (anatomy), an anatomical term of location for features associated with the base of an organism or structure * Basal (medicine), a minimal level that is nec ...

part and one thin and one very faint yellowish band near the apex. '' C. hydarnis'' is listed as an endangered species">Callicore hydarnis">C. hydarnis'' is listed as an endangered species in Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Species

Listed alphabetically within species groups:"''Callicore'' Hübner, [1819]"
at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms'' The ''atacama'' species group: * ''Callicore atacama">819]"">"''Callicore'' Hübner, [1819]"
at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms'' The ''atacama'' species group: * ''Callicore atacama'' (Hewitson, 1852) – yellow-banded eighty-eight * ''Callicore felderi'' (Hewitson, 1864) – 8-spot numberwing * ''Callicore hesperis'' (Guérin, 1844) – hesperis eighty-eight The ''cyllene'' species group: * ''Callicore pygas'' (Godart,

824 __NOTOC__ Year 824 ( DCCCXXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * November 11 – The '' Constitutio Romana'' establishes the authority of the ...

– pygas eighty-eight The ''cynosura'' species group: * ''

Callicore astarte ''Callicore astarte'', the Astarte eighty-eight, is a species of butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found from Mexico south to Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the large ...

'' (Cramer, 1779) – Astarte eighty-eight * '' Callicore cynosura'' (Doubleday & Hewitson, 1847) – Cynosura eighty-eight * '' Callicore excelsior'' (Hewitson, 1857) – excelsior eighty-eight or superb numberwing * '' Callicore ines'' (Hopp, 1922) * '' Callicore sorana'' (Godart, 1832) – Sorana eighty-eight The ''hydarnis'' species group *'' Callicore hydarnis'' (Godart,

The ''hydaspes'' species group: * '' Callicore brome'' (Doyère, 840 – four-spotted eighty-eight * '' Callicore hydaspes'' (Drury, 1782) – Hydaspes eighty-eight * '' Callicore lyca'' (Doubleday, 847 – Aegina numberwing * '' Callicore maronensis'' (Oberthür, 1916) The ' species group: * '' Callicore cyclops'' (Staudinger, 1891) * ''

Callicore ''Callicore'' is a genus of nymphalid butterfly found in the Neotropical realm. This genus, like some related ones, was formerly lumped together as the paraphyletic ''Catagramma'' assemblage. Species in this genus are commonly called eighty-ei ...

'' (Latreille, 1811) – two-eyed eighty-eight The ''texa'' species group: * ''

Callicore texa ''Callicore texa'', the yellow-rimmed eighty-eight or the texa eighty-eight, is a species of butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. The common name refers to the markings on the underside of the hindwings, which resemble the number " 88". The speci ...

'' (Hewitson, 1854) – Texa eighty-eight The ''tolima'' species group: * '' Callicore eunomia'' (Hewitson, 1853) – Eunomia eighty-eight * ''

Callicore hystaspes ''Callicore'' is a genus of nymphalid butterfly found in the Neotropical realm. This genus, like some related ones, was formerly lumped together as the paraphyletic ''Catagramma'' assemblage. Species in this genus are commonly called eighty-ei ...

'' (Fabricius, 1781) – Hystaspes eighty-eight * ''

Callicore tolima ''Callicore'' is a genus of Nymphalidae, nymphalid butterfly found in the Neotropical realm. This genus, like some related ones, was formerly Lumpers and splitters, lumped together as the paraphyletic ''Catagramma'' assemblage. Species in this ...

'' (Hewitson, 1851) – blue-and-orange eighty-eight

Gallery

File:Callicoreastarte.jpg, Astarte eighty-eight,
'' C. astarte'', upperside File:Callicoreaeginasalamis.jpg, Aegina numberwing,
'' C. l. salamis'', underside File:Callicoreeunomia.jpg, Eunomia eighty-eight,
'' C. eunomia'', underside File:Pastazzauns.jpg, Superb numberwing,
'' C. e. pastazza'', underside File:NymphalidOslo.jpg, Cynosura eighty-eight,
'' C. cynosura'', underside Callicore pygas, Iguazu Falls Brazil.jpg, Pygas eighty-eight,
('' C. pygas'')
Iguazu Falls, Brazil

References

* Casagrande, M. M., Mielke, O. H. H., & Brown, K. S., Jr. (1998). Butterflies (Lepidoptera) considered as threatened in Minas Gerais, Brazil (in Portuguese). ''Revista Brasileira de Zoologia'', 15(1), 241-259. * Garwood, K. M., Lehman, Carter, W., & Carter, G. (2007). ''Butterflies of Southern Amazonia''. Mission, Texas: Neotropical Butterflies. * Lamas, G., ed. 2004. ''Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Checklist: Part 4A Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea''. Gainesville: Scientific Publishers/Association of Tropical Lepidoptera.

External links

images representing ''Callicore''
at Consortium for the Barcode of Life
''Callicore''
Tree of Life

in Japanese but with

binomial name In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called nomenclature ("two-name naming system") or binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, bot ...

s. {{Taxonbar, from=Q258624 Biblidinae Nymphalidae of South America Nymphalidae genera Taxa named by Jacob Hübner