''Callerya nitida'' is a

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

in the family

Fabaceae The Fabaceae or Leguminosae,International Code of Nomenc ...

, native to south-central and southeast mainland China,

Hainan Hainan (, ; ) is the smallest and southernmost province of the People's Republic of China (PRC), consisting of various islands in the South China Sea. , the largest and most populous island in China,The island of Taiwan, which is slightly l ...

and

Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...

. It was first described by

George Bentham George Bentham (22 September 1800 – 10 September 1884) was an English botanist, described by the weed botanist Duane Isely as "the premier systematic botanist of the nineteenth century". Born into a distinguished family, he initially studi ...

in 1842 as ''Millettia nitida''. ''Callerya nitida'' produces a number of compounds among which

genistein Genistein (C15H10O5) is a naturally occurring compound that structurally belongs to a class of compounds known as isoflavones. It is described as an angiogenesis inhibitor and a phytoestrogen. It was first isolated in 1899 from the dyer's bro ...

-8-C-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,

calycosin Calycosin is an ''O''-methylated isoflavone. It can be isolated from ''Astragalus membranaceus'' Bge. var. ''mongholicus'' and ''Trifolium pratense'' L. (red clover). Biosynthesis Isoflavone 3′-hydroxylase uses formononetin Formononetin is ...

isoliquiritigenin Isoliquiritigenin is a phenolic chemical compound found in licorice. Metabolism The enzyme 6'-deoxychalcone synthase uses malonyl-CoA, 4-coumaroyl-CoA, NADPH, and H+ to produce CoA, isoliquiritigenin, CO2, NADP+, and H2O. The enzyme isoliquiri ...

formononetin Formononetin is an O-methylated isoflavone. Natural occurrences Formononetin is found in a number of plants and herbs such as red clover. Along with other phytoestrogens, it predominantly occurs in leguminous plants and Fabaceae, particularly i ...

, gliricidin, 8-O-methylretusin,

dihydrokaempferol Aromadendrin (aromodendrin or dihydrokaempferol) is a flavanonol, a type of flavonoid. It can be found in the wood of ''Pinus sibirica''. Metabolism The enzyme dihydrokaempferol 4-reductase uses ''cis''-3,4-leucopelargonidin and NADP+ to pro ...

, biochanin, afromosin and hirsutissimiside F interact with

thrombin Thrombin (, ''fibrinogenase'', ''thrombase'', ''thrombofort'', ''topical'', ''thrombin-C'', ''tropostasin'', ''activated blood-coagulation factor II'', ''blood-coagulation factor IIa'', ''factor IIa'', ''E thrombin'', ''beta-thrombin'', ''gamma- ...

, while sphaerobioside,

-7-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-d-glucopyranoside,

-5-methylether-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, retusin-7,8-O-β-D-diglucopyranoside, symplocoside,

ononin Ononin is an isoflavone glycoside, the 7-''O''-β-D-glucopyranoside of formononetin, which in turn is the 4'-''O''-methoxy derivative of the parent isoflavone daidzein. Natural sources Ononin is a major isoflavone found in a number of plants a ...

genistin Genistin is an isoflavone found in a number of dietary plants like soy and kudzu. It was first isolated in 1931 from the 90% methanol extract of a soybean meal, when it was found that hydrolysis with hydrochloric acid produced 1 mole each of geni ...

, afromosin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, lanceolarin,

liquiritigenin Liquiritigenin is a flavanone that was isolated from ''Glycyrrhiza uralensis'', and is found in a variety of plants, including ''Glycyrrhiza glabra'' (licorice). It is an estrogenic compound which acts as a selective agonist of the ERβ subtype ...

, 7,2-dihydroxy,4-methoxyisoflavan and sphaerobioside have no binding to thrombin.Interactions between thrombin and natural products of ''Millettia nitita'' var. ''hirsutissima'' using capillary zone electrophoresis. Shuyu Zhang, Jun Cheng, Wenjing Chen, Xiaomei Ling, Yuying Zhao, Jie Feng, Cheng Xiang and Hong Liang, Journal of Chromatography B, Volume 877, Issue 32, 15 December 2009, pages 4107-4114,

References

Wisterieae Flora of South-Central China Flora of Southeast China Flora of Hainan Flora of Taiwan Plants described in 1842 {{Faboideae-stub