Calbuco, Los Lagos
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Calbuco is a
city A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ...
and commune in southern Chile administered by the Municipality of Calbuco. Administratively Calbuco belongs to the Llanquihue Province of Los Lagos Region. The origin of the city was the Spanish Fort Calbuco founded in 1603, and became later an important fish market. The archaeological site of Monte Verde lies within the commune. Calbuco Island is part of the commune and contains the city of Calbuco. There are thirteen other islands in the commune: Huar, Puluqui, Chidhuapi, Tabón, Mayelhue, Lín, Quenu, Quihua, Huapi Abtao, Chaullín, Caicué o lagartija, Tautil and Queullín.


History

The settlement of Calbuco grew out of the fort ''Fuerte San Miguel de Calbuco'' which was founded in 1603 by
Francisco Hernández Ortiz-Pizarro Francisco Hernández Ortiz-Pizarro (1555–1613) was the founder of Fort Calbuco. He was born in Villacastín, Spain. Having survived the Destruction of the Seven Cities he led a group of loyal Huilliches to the area of Chacao Channel The Cha ...
. Calbuco was the capital of Calbuco Department, Chiloé between 1834 and 1855, and of
Carelmapu Department Carelmapu (lit. from Mapudungun "Green Land") is a port and town ( es, pueblo) at the western end of Chacao Channel, southern Chile. Carelmapu was established by the Spanish in 1602 as San Antonio Ribera de Carelmapu following the Destruction of ...
between 1855 and 1928. It was capital of
Calbuco Department, Llanquihue Calbuco Department was a Department of Chile. History * Before 4 July 1834: The territory was the Delegation of Calbuco, which was part of the Province of Chiloé, which was established on 30 August 1826. * 4 July 1834: Created, as part of Chiloé ...
between 1937 and 1975.


Demographics

According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute, Calbuco spans an area of and has 31,070 inhabitants (15,906 men and 15,164 women). Of these, 12,165 (39.2%) lived in urban areas and 18,905 (60.8%) in rural areas. The population grew by 15% (4,043 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses.


Settlements

Besides the town of Calbuco, Calbuco Comuna is also home to the settlements of:
Pargua Pargua is a village in Calbuco Comuna, in Los Lagos Region of Chile. It is located on the northeast side of the Chacao Channel. Pargua is on Route 5 (''Ruta 5 Sur'') and a ferry connects the village with the village of Chacao, Ancud Comuna at t ...
, Puluqui Island, San Rafael and Texas. The town of San Rafael is across the estuary from the town of Calbuco. Texas was a refugee camp built after the 1960 earthquake on the outskirts of San Rafael; it has become semi-permanent. Pargua is the ferry port and gateway to the Chiloé Archipelago and the big island of Chiloé Island, Chiloé. Pargua was considered rural until the 2002 census, and the 800+ people on Puluqui Island are still denominated as "rural" although clustered around the bay where the daily barge docks.


Administrative divisions

Calbuco Comuna is divided into twenty districts. Calbuco is the most populous with the highest population density, while Río Tambor is the largest at and has the lowest density. Alfaro, Quenu, Puluqui, Challahue, Machildad, Chucahua, Quetrolauquén, Aguantao, Huayún and Río Tambor are more sparsely populated, further away from the towns of Calbuco and San Rafael.


Administration

As a commune, Calbuco is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council, headed by an alcalde who is directly elected every four years. The alcalde is Rubén Cárdenas Gómez (Social Democrat Radical Party, PRSD), and the council has the following members: * Pedro Yáñez Uribe (Partido Regionalista Independiente, PRI) * Juan Francisco Calbucoy Guerrero (Partido Socialista de Chile, PS) * Oscar González Almonacid (Partido Socialista de Chile, PS) * Sergio García Alvarez (Ind-UDI (Chile), UDI) * Iván Vásquez Gómez (Partido Radical Socialdemócrata, PRSD) * Manuel Oyarzo Barría (Partido Progresista (Chile), PRO) Within the electoral divisions of Chile, Calbuco is represented in the Chamber of Deputies of Chile, Chamber of Deputies by Marisol Turres (Independent Democratic Union, UDI) and Patricio Vallespín (Christian Democratic Party, PDC) as part of the 57th electoral district, together with Puerto Montt, Cochamó and Maullín. The commune is represented in the Senate of Chile, Senate by Camilo Escalona Medina (Socialist Party of Chile, PS) and Carlos Kuschel Silva (National Renewal (Chile), RN) as part of the 17th senatorial constituency (Los Lagos Region).


References


External links

*
Municipality of Calbuco
{{Coord, 41, 46, S, 73, 08, W, display=title, region:CL_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki Communes of Chile Populated places established in 1603 Port cities in Chile Populated places in Llanquihue Province 1603 establishments in the Spanish Empire