Sursilvan
Sursilvan (; also ''romontsch sursilvan'' ; Sursilvan, Vallader, Surmiran, Sutsilvan, and Rumantsch Grischun: ''sursilvan''; Puter: ''sursilvaun'') is a group of dialects of the Romansh language spoken in the Swiss district of Surselva. It is t ...
for "House of God" (''Casa Dei''),
is the historical name of
Disentis Abbey
Disentis Abbey (german: Reichskloster Disentis) is a Benedictine monastery in the Graubünden, Canton of Graubünden in eastern Switzerland, around which the present town of Disentis ( rm, Mustér) grew up.
Early history
Formerly the date of the f ...
and its feudal territories, later part of the
Grey League
The Grey League (german: Grauer Bund, it, Lega Grigia, rm, Ligia Grischa or ), sometimes called ''Oberbund'', formed in 1395 in the ''Vorderrhein'' and '' Hinterrhein'' valleys, Raetia. The name Grey League is derived from the homespun grey cl ...
.
The territories in the upper
Anterior Rhine
The Vorderrhein (German; English: ''Anterior Rhine''; Sursilvan: ; Sutsilvan: ''Ragn Anteriur''; Rumantsch Grischun, Vallader, and Puter: ''Rain Anteriur''; Surmiran: ''Ragn anteriour'') is one of the two sources of the Rhine. Its catchment are ...
valley (
Surselva
Surselva Region is one of the eleven administrative districts in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. It was created on 1 January 2017 as part of a reorganization of the canton.Raetia Curiensis
Raetia Curiensis (in Latin; german: Churrätien, rm, Currezia) was an early medieval province in Central Europe, named after the preceding Roman province of ''Raetia prima'' which retained its Romansh culture during the Migration Period, while t ...
, by
Tello, Bishop of Chur
Tello (died 24 September probably 765) was the Bishop of Chur from 758/759 until his death. He was the last member of the ecclesiastical dynasty of the Victorids to wield power in Rhaetia through his control of the bishopric. His will is one of t ...
(d. 765).
The territory was divided into Sursassiala ("above the gorge", referring to Punt Russein) and Sutsassiala ("below the gorge").
Sursassiala comprised the modern municipalities of
Disentis/Mustér
Disentis (German) or Mustér (, Romansh), with its official name Disentis/Mustér is a village and a municipality in the Surselva Region in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.
The skiing and summer tourism resort high up in the Rhine valley is th ...
,
Medel (Lucmagn)
Medel () is a municipality in the Surselva Region in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.
History
Medel (Lucmagn) is first mentioned in 1315 as ''de valle Mederis''.
Geography
Medel (Lucmagn) has an area, , of . Of this area, 17.8% is used for ...
and
Tujetsch
Tujetsch (; german: Tavetsch) is a municipality in the Surselva Region in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. It is the westernmost municipality of the canton, connected to Urseren ( canton of Uri) by the Oberalp Pass.
History
The uppe ...
(the latter containing the upper reaches of the Anterior Rhine, with no permanent settlements until the 9th century), Sutsassiala included
Sumvitg
Sumvitg (; german: Somvix) is a municipality in the Surselva Region in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.
History
Sumvitg is first mentioned in 1175 as ''in Summovico''.
Geography
Sumvitg has an area, , of . Of this area, 24.8% is us ...
Breil/Brigels
Breil/Brigels is a municipality in the Surselva Region in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. On 1 January 2018 the former municipalities of Andiast and Waltensburg/Vuorz merged into the municipality of Breil/Brigels.
The name of the municipality c ...
.
The subjects of Disentis Abbey first used their own seal in 1285. They had their own
Landammann
''Landammann'' (plural ''Landammänner''), is the German title used by the chief magistrate in certain Cantons of Switzerland and at times featured in the Head of state's style at the confederal level.
Old Swiss Confederacy
''Landammann'' or ''A ...
(''mistral'') from 1371.
Cadi became an autonomous commune (''cumin grond'') of the
Grey League
The Grey League (german: Grauer Bund, it, Lega Grigia, rm, Ligia Grischa or ), sometimes called ''Oberbund'', formed in 1395 in the ''Vorderrhein'' and '' Hinterrhein'' valleys, Raetia. The name Grey League is derived from the homespun grey cl ...
in 1401.
From 1472, the ''mistral'' was elected from a ticket of three candidates proposed by the abbot, from the 17th century in free elections.
Until 1851, Cadi was divided into four jurisdictions (''cuorts'') Disentis, Tujetsch, Brigels with Medel, and Trun with Sumvitg.
During 1738–1745, the communes of Cadi purchased their freedom from tithes to the abbey.
Cadi as a feudal territory was formally dissolved with the formation of the
Canton of Raetia
Raetia was the name of a canton of the Helvetic Republic from 1798 to 1803, corresponding to modern Graubünden and composed of the Free State of the Three Leagues. Until 1799, the canton was administered by the central government of the Helve ...
, in 1799, but its organisational structure was preserved until 1851, with two votes in the diet of the Grey League, and from 1803 between two and five representatives in the cantonal legislature of
.
The new cantonal constitution of 1851 abandoned the ''courts'', establishing the modern municipalities, forming the ''Circul da Cadi'' (Kreis Disentis) within Vorderrhein District (1851–2000), briefly
Surselva District
Surselva Region is one of the eleven Districts of Switzerland, administrative districts in the Cantons of Switzerland, canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. It was created on 1 January 2017 as part of a reorganization of the canton.