Enrique Peñaranda assumed office as the 38th President of Bolivia on 15 April 1940, and his term was terminated by a coup d'état on 20 December 1943. A general in the Chaco War, Peñaranda was brought forth by the traditional conservative political parties, sidelined since the end of the Chaco War, as their candidate in the 1940 general elections. Peñaranda formed six cabinets during his under 44-month presidency, constituting the 102nd to 107th national cabinets of Bolivia.

Cabinet ministers

Composition

First cabinet

Peñaranda's first cabinet was formed upon taking office on 15 April 1940 and was the 102nd national cabinet of Bolivia. Foreign Minister

Alberto Ostria Gutiérrez Alberto is the Romance version of the Latinized form (''Albertus'') of Germanic ''Albert''. It is used in Italian, Portuguese and Spanish. The diminutive forms are ''Albertito'' in Spain or ''Albertico'' in some parts of Latin America, Albertin ...

was the only holdover from the interim Carlos Quintanilla government. Military figures Julio de la Vega and Demetrio Ramos were made Minister of Government, Justice, and Propaganda and Minister of National Defense respectively.

Alcides Arguedas Alcides Arguedas Díaz (July 15, 1879 in La Paz – May 6, 1946 in Chulumani) was a Bolivian writer and historian. His literary work, which had a profound influence on the Bolivian social thought in the first half of the twentieth century, ...

, a Liberal Party writer, journalist, and critic of the previous leftist governments, was made Minister of Agriculture, Irrigation, Colonization, and Immigration. Another noted writer, Gustavo Adolfo Otero was made Minister of Education, Fine Arts, and Indigenous Affairs. The Office of Fine Arts under the Ministry of Education and the Office of Irrigation under the Ministry of Agriculture were both newly established as part of this cabinet.

Second cabinet

Peñaranda's second cabinet was formed on 11 November 1940 and was the 103rd national cabinet of Bolivia. With the resignation of Arguedas, the offices he held were redistributed to different ministers. In this and future cabinets, the Office of Immigration would be held by the Ministry of Government and the Office of Colonization by the Ministry of Defense. The Ministry of Mining and Petrol was assigned to the new Minister of Agriculture and Irrigation, Edmundo Vásquez. The Ministries of Propaganda and Industry and Commerce were discontinued. As was the Ministry of Hygiene, with the Ministry of Health falling under the purview of the Ministry of Work and Social Security. Health Minister Abelardo Ibáñez Benavente also became Minister of Work.

Third and fourth cabinets

Peñaranda's third cabinet was formed on 12 June 1941 and was the 104th national cabinet of Bolivia. This cabinet saw the establishment of the Ministry of Economy separate from the Ministry of Finance and Statistics. Future President Víctor Paz Estenssoro was its first minister, though he only held the office for five days. Peñaranda's third cabinet was formed on 1 October 1941 and was the 105th national cabinet of Bolivia. The Ministry of Agriculture remained vacant in both the third and fourth cabinets.

Fifth and sixth cabinets

Peñaranda's fifth cabinet was formed on 26 November 1942 and was the 106th national cabinet of Bolivia. The Ministry of Agriculture was filled once again with the addition of the new Ministry of Livestock, though with the Ministry of Mining and Petrol being discontinued. Peñaranda's sixth and final cabinet was formed on 16 September 1943 and was the 107th national cabinet of Bolivia. Faced with opposition from the left-wing in Congress, Peñaranda attempted to form a national unity government for his seventh cabinet. Representatives from the United Socialist Party (PSU) were invited to join the administration.Political parties of the Americas: Canada, Latin America, and the West Indies, Vol.1. Greenwood Press, 1982. P.146. These were

Carlos Salinas Aramayo Carlos may refer to: Places ;Canada * Carlos, Alberta, a locality ;United States * Carlos, Indiana, an unincorporated community * Carlos, Maryland, a place in Allegany County * Carlos, Minnesota, a small city * Carlos, West Virginia ;Elsewhere ...

(Foreign Minister), the then-leader of the PSU, and Francisco Lazcano Soruco (Education). In December of the same year, Enrique Peñaranda would be deposed by liberal forces of the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement (MNR) and left-wing young officers led by Gualberto Villarroel.

Established Ministries

* Office of Fine Arts (under Education): Gustavo Adolfo Otero, first holder from 15 April 1940 * Office of Irrigation (under Agriculture):

( PL), first holder from 15 April 1940 *

Ministry of Economy A ministry of economy, ministry of commerce, ministry of economic affairs or department of commerce is a part of the government in most countries that is responsible for matters related to the economy or economic policy. List Examples of such mini ...

: Víctor Paz Estenssoro ( PSI), first holder from 12 June 1941 * Office of Livestock (under Agriculture): Arturo Galindo ( PL), first holder from 26 November 1942

Analysis

The six cabinets of Enrique Peñaranda reflected a brief return to the traditional political order Bolivia had seen prior to the Chaco War. The majority of ministerial positions were filled by members of the Genuine Republican (PRG), Socialist Republican (PRS), and Liberal (LP), parties which had been sidelined by the Military Socialist administrations of

David Toro José David Toro Ruilova (June 24, 1898 – July 25, 1977) was a colonel in the Bolivian army and member of the High Command during the Chaco War (1932–35) who served as the de facto 35th president of Bolivia from 1936 to 1937. He was on ...

and

Germán Busch Víctor Germán Busch Becerra (23 March 1903 – 23 August 1939) was a Bolivian military officer and statesman who served as the 36th president of Bolivia from 1937 to 1939. Prior to his presidency, he served as the Chief of the General Staff ...

. Three Bolivian presidents served in the Peñaranda administration. Minister of Defense

Carlos Blanco Galindo Carlos Blanco Galindo (12 March 1882 – 2 October 1943) was a Bolivian general who served as the 32nd president of Bolivia on a de facto interim basis from 1930 to 1931. Carlos Blanco was born in Cochabamba, Bolivia. A career military officer ...

had served as Interim President from 1930 to 1931. Finance Minister Víctor Paz Estenssoro and Health and Labor Minister Enrique Hertzog would both be elected president in the late 1940s and early 1950s.

Gallery

File:Alberto Ostria Gutiérrez.jpg,

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Minister of Foreign Affairs File:Eduardo Anze Matienzo.jpg,

Eduardo Anze Matienzo Eduardo is the Spanish and Portuguese form of the male given name Edward. Another version is Duarte. It may refer to: Association football * Eduardo Bonvallet, Chilean football player and sports commentator * Eduardo Carvalho, Portuguese football ...

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Minister of Foreign Affairs File:Tomás Manuel Elío.jpg,

Tomás Manuel Elío Tomás may refer to: * Tomás (given name) * Tomás (surname) Tomás is a Spanish and Portuguese surname, equivalent of ''Thomas''. It may refer to: * Antonio Tomás (born 1985), professional Spanish footballer * Belarmino Tomás (1892–1950), ...

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Minister of Foreign Affairs ( PL) File:Carlos Salinas Aramayo.jpg,

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Minister of Foreign Affairs (

PSU PSU may refer to: Organizations Military *Police Support Unit, a paramilitary wing of the Zimbabwe Republic Police *Port Security Unit, a U.S. Coast Guard expeditionary force protection unit Political parties * Parti Socialiste Unifié (disambig ...

) File:Demetrio Ramos.jpg, Demetrio Ramos –

Minister of Government Minister may refer to: * Minister (Christianity), a Christian cleric ** Minister (Catholic Church) * Minister (government), a member of government who heads a ministry (government department) ** Minister without portfolio, a member of government w ...

and Minister of National Defense File:Adolfo Vilar Mendivil.jpg, Adolfo Vilar Mendivil –

, Minister of Public Works, and Minister of Education ( PL) File:Pedro Zilveti Arce.jpg,

Pedro Zilveti Pedro is a masculine given name. Pedro is the Spanish, Portuguese, and Galician name for '' Peter''. Its French equivalent is Pierre while its English and Germanic form is Peter. The counterpart patronymic surname of the name Pedro, meani ...

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( PRS) File:Bernardo Navajas Trigo.jpg, Bernardo Navajas Trigo –

( PL) File:Carlos Blanco Galindo - CROPPED.jpg,

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Minister of National Defense File:Luis Calvo.jpg, Luis Calvo –
Minister of Finance ( PRG) File:Paz Estenssoro.jpg, Víctor Paz Estenssoro –

Minister of Economy A finance minister is an executive or cabinet position in charge of one or more of government finances, economic policy and financial regulation. A finance minister's portfolio has a large variety of names around the world, such as "treasury", ...

( PSI) File:Justo Rodas Eguino.jpg, Justo Rodas Eguino –
Minister of Public Works ( PRS) File:Juan Manuel Balcázar.jpg,

Juan Manuel Balcázar ''Juan'' is a given name, the Spanish language, Spanish and Manx language, Manx versions of ''John (given name), John''. It is very common in Spain and in other Spanish-speaking communities around the world and in the Philippines, and also (pronoun ...

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Minister of Work and Health ( PRS) File:Hertzog - CROPPED.jpg, Enrique Hertzog –
Minister of Work and Health ( PRG) File:Gustavo Adolfo Otero.jpg, Gustavo Adolfo Otero –
Minister of Education File:Rubén Terrazas.jpg, Rubén Terrazas –
Minister of Education ( PRG) File:Arturo Pinto Escalier - 2.jpg, Arturo Pinto –
Minister of Education ( PRG) File:Arguedas, Alcides 02.jpg,

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Minister of Agriculture ( PL)

Notes

References

Bibliography

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Peñaranda, Enrique, Cabinet of Cabinets of Bolivia Cabinets established in 1940 Cabinets disestablished in 1943 1940 establishments in Bolivia