Boeing Dreamlifter

The Boeing 747-400 Large Cargo Freighter (LCF) is a wide-body cargo aircraft modified extensively from the Boeing 747-400 airliner. With a volume of it can hold three times that of a 747-400F freighter.Hanson, Mary et al
"Boeing Selects EGAT for 747 Large Cargo Freighter Modifications"
Boeing Commercial Airplanes, February 18, 2005. Retrieved: March 17, 2008. The outsized aircraft, known as the Dreamlifter, was designed to transport Boeing 787 Dreamliner parts between Italy, Japan, and the U.S., but has also flown medical supplies during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Development

Boeing Commercial Airplanes announced on October 13, 2003, that, due to the length of time required by land and marine shipping, air transport will be the primary method of transporting parts for the assembly of the Boeing 787 Dreamliner (then known as the ''7E7''). Boeing 787 parts were deemed too large for standard marine shipping containers as well as the Boeing 747-400F, Antonov An-124 and An-225. Initially, three used passenger 747-400 aircraft were to be converted into an outsize configuration in order to ferry sub-assemblies from Japan and Italy to North Charleston, South Carolina, and then to Washington state for final assembly, but a fourth was subsequently added to the program.Lunsford, J. Lynn
"Ugly in the Air: Boeing's New Plane Gets Gawks, Stares"
. ''The Wall Street Journal'', January 8, 2007. The Large Cargo Freighter has a bulging fuselage similar in concept to the Super Guppy and the Airbus Beluga and BelugaXL outsize cargo aircraft, which are also used for transporting wings and fuselage sections.

The LCF conversion was partially designed by Boeing's Moscow bureau and Boeing Rocketdyne with the swing tail designed in partnership with Gamesa Aeronáutica of Spain. The cargo portion of the aircraft is unpressurized. Unlike the hydraulically supported nose section on a 747 Freighter, the tail is opened and closed by a modified shipping container handling truck, and locked to the rear fuselage with 21 electronic actuators.

Modifications were carried out in Taiwan by Evergreen Aviation Technologies Corporation, a joint venture of Evergreen Group's EVA Air and General Electric.Hanson, Mary
"Boeing 747 Large Cargo Freighter Rolls Out; Prepares for First Flight"
Boeing Commercial Airplanes, June 17, 2006. Retrieved: March 17, 2008. Boeing reacquired the four 747-400s; one former Air China aircraft,"Boeing N747BC (Ex B-2464)—Airfleets"
''Airfleets.'' Retrieved: March 17, 2008. two former China Airlines aircraft,"Boeing N780BA (Ex B-162 B-18272)"
''Airfleets.''Retrieved: March 17, 2008.
''Airfleets.'' Retrieved: March 17, 2008. and one former Malaysia Airlines aircraft.Boeing N718BA (Ex 9M-MPA)"
''Airfleets''. Retrieved: March 17, 2008.

The first 747 Large Cargo Freighter (LCF) was rolled out of the hangar at Taipei Taoyuan International Airport on August 17, 2006. It successfully completed its first test flight on September 9, 2006, from this airport.Hanson, Mary
"Boeing 747 Large Cargo Freighter Completes First Flight"
Boeing Commercial Airplanes, September 9, 2006. Retrieved: March 17, 2008.

The 787 Dreamliner parts are placed in the aircraft by the DBL-100 cargo loader, the world's longest cargo loader. In June 2006, the first DBL-100 cargo loader was completed.Hanson, Mary
"First Cargo Loader Completed for Boeing 747 Large Cargo Freighter"
Boeing Commercial Airplanes, June 12, 2006. Retrieved: March 17, 2008.

The 747 LCF's unusual appearance has drawn comparisons to the Oscar Mayer Wienermobile and the Hughes H-4 Hercules ("Spruce Goose"). Due to its ungainly form—exacerbated in that the first airplane remained unpainted for some time, due to the need for immediate testing—Boeing Commercial Airplanes president Scott Carson jokingly apologized to 747 designer Joe Sutter that he was "sorry for what we did to your plane."

Operational history

Flight testing

On September 16, 2006, N747BC arrived at Boeing Field, Seattle to complete the flight test program. Swing-tail testing was done at the Boeing factory in Everett."Boeing 747 Large Cargo Freighter Successfully Tests Swing Tail"
Boeing Commercial Airplanes, October 23, 2006. Retrieved: March 17, 2008. The second airplane, N780BA, made its inaugural test flight on February 16, 2007. The third began modification in 2007.Hanson, Mary

Boeing Commercial Airplanes, April 17, 2006. Retrieved: March 17, 2008. The first two LCFs entered service in 2007 to support the final assembly of the first 787s.

Delivery times for the 787's wings, built in Japan, was reduced from around 30 days to just over eight hours with the Dreamlifter.
".
Archive
' Boeing Commercial Airplanes, April 23, 2007. Retrieved: March 17, 2008. Evergreen International Airlines (unrelated to EVA Air or EGAT), a U.S. air freight operator based in McMinnville, Oregon, operated the LCF fleetHanson, Mary et al
"Evergreen International Airlines, Inc. to Operate Boeing 747 Large Cargo Freighters"
Boeing Commercial Airplanes, December 15, 2007. Retrieved: March 17, 2008. until August 2010. Then Atlas Air, which was awarded a nine-year contract for the operation of the aircraft in March 2010, took over LCF operation. Evergreen had achieved a 93% on flight schedule performance with the LCF, and sued Boeing for $175 million,Cohen, Aubrey.
Details from Boeing Dreamlifter lawsuit
". ''Seattle Post-Intelligencer'', April 2, 2010. Retrieved: September 30, 2012.Harris, Andrew M.
Boeing Sued by 'Dreamlifter' Airline for $175 Million Over Transport Deal
". ''Bloomberg'', April 8, 2010. Retrieved: September 30, 2012. which the court mostly dismissed.Judge: Evergreen trade secret claims against Boeing stand
". ''Daily Herald (Arlington Heights)'', June 14, 2010. Retrieved: September 30, 2012. Coughenour, John C.
Case 2:10-cv-00568-JCC Document 22
" page 22. United States District Court for the Western District of Washington, June 9, 2010. Retrieved: September 30, 2012.

Into service

In December 2006, Boeing announced the 747 LCF would be named ''Dreamlifter'', a reference to the 787's name, Dreamliner. It unveiled a standard livery for the aircraft that included a logo reminiscent of the 787's Dreamliner logo."Boeing Reveals Livery, Name for 747 Large Cargo Freighters"
Boeing Commercial Airplanes, December 6, 2006. Retrieved: March 17, 2008.

Certification was initially planned for early 2007, but was pushed back to June 2007. The aircraft's winglets were removed to resolve excess vibration and other handling characteristics prior to final certification. In the meantime, as part of the flight test program, LCF delivered major sections of the 787 from partner sites around the world to the Boeing factory in Everett, Washington for final assembly.Wallace, James
"Boeing Can't Soothe Jitters"
''Seattle Post-Intelligencer'', Retrieved: March 17, 2008. The 747 LCF was granted FAA type certification on June 2, 2007. From its first flight in 2006 until certification in 2007, the Dreamlifter completed 437 hours of flight testing along with 639 hours of ground testing.

Of the four 747 Dreamlifters Boeing acquired, three were complete and operational by June 2008, and the fourth became operational in February 2010.

On July 1, 2020, a Dreamlifter arrived at Salt Lake City International Airport, carrying 500,000 face masks to be used by Utah school children and teachers as part of the state's response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The flight was a joint effort between Boeing, Atlas Air, H.M. Cole, Cotopaxi, Flexport, UPS and the state of Utah.

Incidents

On November 20, 2013, Dreamlifter N780BA operated by Atlas Air inadvertently landed at Colonel James Jabara Airport, a small general aviation airport in Wichita, Kansas. Its intended destination was McConnell Air Force Base, 9 miles (14 km) past Jabara Airport on the same heading. The aircraft was able to successfully take off again from Jabara's runway the following day and landed at McConnell without incident.

On October 11, 2022, Dreamlifter N718BA operated by Atlas Air lost a wheel from its main landing gear while taking off from Taranto, Italy. The wheel bounced outside the airport perimeter and ended up in a vineyard. The plane continued on to Charleston, South Carolina and made a safe landing.

Specifications

The 747 LCF main cargo compartment has a volume of and the maximum payload capacity is .

Sources: ''Boeing 747-400 specifications'', ''Boeing 747 Airport Report'',"Boeing 747 Airplane Characteristics for Airport Planning"
''Boeing''. Retrieved: September 14, 2011. 747 LCF fact sheet

See also

References

;Notes

;Bibliography
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External links

{{Outsized cargo aircraft

2000s United States cargo aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 2006
Boeing 747
Quadjets