The Diocese of Aire and Dax (

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...

'':'' ''Dioecesis Adurensis et Aquae Augustae'';

French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...

: ''Diocèse d'Aire et Dax'') is a

Latin Church , native_name_lang = la , image = San Giovanni in Laterano - Rome.jpg , imagewidth = 250px , alt = Façade of the Archbasilica of St. John in Lateran , caption = Archbasilica of Saint Joh ...

ecclesiastical territory or

diocese In Ecclesiastical polity, church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop. History In the later organization of the Roman Empire, the increasingly subdivided Roman province, pro ...

of the

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France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

. It comprises the ''

département In the administrative divisions of France, the department (french: département, ) is one of the three levels of government under the national level ("territorial collectivity, territorial collectivities"), between the regions of France, admin ...

'' of

Landes ''Landes'', or ''Lanas'' in Gascon, means moorland or heath. ''Landes'' and ''Lanas'' come from the Latin ''plānus'' meaning “‘flat, even, level, plain’”. They are therefore cognate with the English plain (and plane), the Spanish word '' ...

, in the ''

région France is divided into eighteen administrative regions (french: régions, singular ), of which thirteen are located in metropolitan France (in Europe), while the other five are overseas regions (not to be confused with the overseas collect ...

'' of Gascony in Aquitaine. It was a

suffragan diocese A suffragan diocese is one of the dioceses other than the metropolitan archdiocese that constitute an ecclesiastical province. It exists in some Christian denominations, in particular the Catholic Church, the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria ...

of the Archdiocese of Auch under the

Ancien Régime ''Ancien'' may refer to * the French word for "ancient, old" ** Société des anciens textes français * the French for "former, senior" ** Virelai ancien ** Ancien Régime ** Ancien Régime in France {{disambig ...

, but was not re-established until 1822, when it was again made a suffragan of the re-established Archdiocese of Auch, and was assigned the territory of the former Diocese of Aire and

Diocese of Acqs The Diocese of Dax, Landes, Dax or Acqs was a Roman Catholic ecclesiastical territory in Gascony in south-west France. According to tradition it was established in the 5th century. It was suppressed after the French Revolution, by the Concordat o ...

(Dax). It is now a suffragan in the

ecclesiastical province An ecclesiastical province is one of the basic forms of jurisdiction Jurisdiction (from Latin 'law' + 'declaration') is the legal term for the legal authority granted to a legal entity to enact justice. In federations like the United State ...

of the

metropolitan Metropolitan may refer to: * Metropolitan area, a region consisting of a densely populated urban core and its less-populated surrounding territories * Metropolitan borough, a form of local government district in England * Metropolitan county, a typ ...

Archdiocese of Bordeaux. It has been known since 1857 as the Diocese of Aire and Dax. It is a co-cathedral diocese, with

cathedra A ''cathedra'' is the raised throne of a bishop in the early Christian basilica. When used with this meaning, it may also be called the bishop's throne. With time, the related term ''cathedral'' became synonymous with the "seat", or principa ...

s in the Cathedral St-Jean-Baptiste d' Aire and in Nôtre Dame de Dax. On April 6, 2017, the resignation letter of recent Bishop Herve Gaschignard was officially accepted by Pope Francis following allegations that Gaschignard engaged in inappropriate behavior with young people.

History

The first reference to a bishop of Aire, on the river

Adour The Adour (; eu, Aturri; oc, Ador) is a river in southwestern France. It rises in High-Bigorre (Pyrenees), in the commune of Aspin-Aure, and flows into the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay) near Bayonne. It is long, of which the uppermost ca. i ...

, in history is to Marcellus, represented at the Council of Agde, 506. Aire was also the home of

St. Philibert ST, St, or St. may refer to: Arts and entertainment * Stanza, in poetry * Suicidal Tendencies, an American heavy metal/hardcore punk band * Star Trek, a science-fiction media franchise * Summa Theologica, a compendium of Catholic philosophy an ...

; it numbered among its bishops during the second half of the sixteenth century François de Foix, Count of Candale, an illustrious mathematician, who translated

Euclid Euclid (; grc-gre, Wikt:Εὐκλείδης, Εὐκλείδης; BC) was an ancient Greek mathematician active as a geometer and logician. Considered the "father of geometry", he is chiefly known for the ''Euclid's Elements, Elements'' trea ...

and founded a chair of mathematics at the University of Bordeaux, though he never visited his diocese. In 1572, on the death of Bishop Christophe de Candale, the Capitular Vicar of Aire submitted a status report (pouillé) to King Charles IX, providing a picture of the diocese at that time. There were two Archdeacons, that of Marsan and that of Chalosse. In addition to the two archdeacons, the Cathedral Chapter was composed of ten Canons and seven Prebendaries, two semi-Prebendaries, the Master of the Children of the Choir, and the Basse-Contre. The Statutes of the Chapter were confirmed by Bishop Tristan d'Aure in 1459 or 1460. Religious establishments included: *the Abbaye du Mas d'Aire (O.S.B.: four religious, a Prior, a Sacristan, a Chamberlain and an Almoner; eleven other positions vacant) *the Abbaye de St-Jean de la Castelle (Premonstratensians: six religious priests, a child servant, and a soldier, though there were places for 18-20 religious and four novices) *the Abbaye of Saint-Loubouer (Collegiate church: Abbot, eight Canons, Cantor) *the Collegiate Church of Pimbo (Abbot, seven Canons and a Cantor) *the Abbaye of Pontaut (Cistercians: Abbot, seven religious and a soldier) *the Convent of Augustine Religious at Geune. *the Priory of Mongaillard (O.S.B.) *the Commanderie of St-Antoine *the Abbaye of Saint-Sever (O.S.B.) (Abbot commendatory: Archbishop of Turin, thirteen religious, a vicar, and a soldier) *the Jacobins, or Frères Prêcheurs de Ste-Ursule (six religious) *the Priory of Nervis *the Collegial Church of Saint-Girons (Abbot and eight Canons) *the Commanderie of the Holy Spirit. *the Priory of Roquefort (O.S.B.) *the Commanderie de Bessaut *the Commanderie de St-Antoine de Gelonies *the Priory of Mont-de-Marsan (O.S.B.) *the Priory of Sen a Labrit. The hamlet believed to be the birthplace of

St. Vincent de Paul Vincent de Paul, CM (24 April 1581 – 27 September 1660), commonly known as Saint Vincent de Paul, was a Occitan French Catholic priest who dedicated himself to serving the poor. In 1622 Vincent was appointed a chaplain to the galleys. Afte ...

is within the limits of the present Diocese of Aire, though in his lifetime it was part of the diocese of Dax and had nothing to do with Aire. In the Gallo-Roman crypt of

Mas d'Aire Mas, Más or MAS may refer to: Film and TV * Más y Menos, fictional superhero characters, from the Teen Titans animated television series * "Más" (''Breaking Bad''), a season three episode of ''Breaking Bad'' Songs * ''Más'' (album), by Span ...

is preserved in a sarcophagus the body of

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, daughter of a governor of Gallicia, and martyred, perhaps under

Commodus Commodus (; 31 August 161 – 31 December 192) was a Roman emperor who ruled from 177 to 192. He served jointly with his father Marcus Aurelius from 176 until the latter's death in 180, and thereafter he reigned alone until his assassination. ...

, for her resolution to remain a virgin. The city of

Saint-Sever Saint-Sever (, Gascon ''Sent Sever'' ) is a commune in the Landes department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France. History and geography Saint-Sever stands on an eminence. It is south of Mont-de-Marsan, on the left bank of the ...

, in the Diocese of Aire. owes its origin to an ancient Benedictine abbey, built in the tenth century by a Duke of Gascony as an act of thanksgiving for a victory over the Northmen, and whose church was dedicated to St. Severus. The Gothic church of

Mimizan Mimizan (; oc, Mamisan) is a commune in the Landes department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in south-western France. There are two separate districts of the town: Mimizan-Bourg (town center) and Mimizan-Plage (resort). Geography Mimizan is a seaside ...

is the only survival of a Benedictine abbey. The church of Carcarés, dating from the year 810, is one of the oldest in France.

Bishops

To 1000

*506, 533 : Marcellus *585 : Rusticus *614 : Palladius *ca. 620–630 : Philibaud *ca. 633–675 : Ursus *ca. 788 : Asinarius *ca. 977 : Gombaud

1000 to 1300

*ca. 1017 : Arsius-Racca *1060 : Raymond le Vieux *1060–1092 : Peter I. *1092–1099 : Peter II. *1100–1115 : Wilhelm *1116–1147 : Bonhomme *1148–ca. 1176 : Vital de Saint-Hermes *ca. 1176–1179 : Odon d’Arbéchan * ? : Bertrand de Marsan * ? : Guillaume Bernard *1211 : Vital de Beufmort *1211 : Jourdain * ? : Gauthier *1224–1237 : Auger *1237–1266 : Pierre III. et Raymond de Saint-Martin *1266–1295 : Pierre IV. de Betous *1295–1307 : Martin

1300–1500

*1308–January 1326 :

Bernard de Bats Bernard (''Bernhard'') is a French and West Germanic masculine given name. It is also a surname. The name is attested from at least the 9th century. West Germanic ''Bernhard'' is composed from the two elements ''bern'' "bear" and ''hard'' "brave ...

*1326–1327 : Anesanche de Toujouse *1327–1349 : Garsias de Fau *1349 – 15 November 1354 :

Dauphin de Marquefave Dauphin (french: "dolphin", links=no, plural ''dauphins'') may refer to: Noble and royal title * Dauphin of Auvergne * Dauphin of France, heir apparent to the French crown * Dauphin of Viennois People * Charles Dauphin (c. 1620–1677), French pa ...

*1354 : Bernard *1361–end May 1386 :

Jean de Montaut Jean may refer to: People * Jean (female given name) * Jean (male given name) * Jean (surname) Fictional characters * Jean Grey, a Marvel Comics character * Jean Valjean, fictional character in novel ''Les Misérables'' and its adaptations * Jean ...

**4 June 1386 – 1390 :

Robert Waldeby Robert Waldby (died 1397) was a native of York and friar of the Order of Saint Augustine who followed Edward, the Black Prince into Aquitaine, and undertook a number of diplomatic missions on his behalf. After studying at Toulouse, he became pr ...

, O.E.S.A. (nominated by Urban VI of the Roman Obedience) **14 November 1390 – 1393 :

Maurice Usk Maurice may refer to: People *Saint Maurice (died 287), Roman legionary and Christian martyr *Maurice (emperor) or Flavius Mauricius Tiberius Augustus (539–602), Byzantine emperor *Maurice (bishop of London) (died 1107), Lord Chancellor and Lo ...

, O.P. (appointed by Boniface IX of the Roman Obedience) **1393–1418 : Arnaud-Guillaume de Lescun (appointed by Boniface IX of the Roman Obedience) *1386–1397 : Garsias-Arnaud de Navailles (appointed by Avignon Pope Clement VII) *1397–1418 :

Bernard de Brun Bernard ('' Bernhard'') is a French and West Germanic masculine given name. It is also a surname. The name is attested from at least the 9th century. West Germanic ''Bernhard'' is composed from the two elements ''bern'' "bear" and ''hard'' "bra ...

, O.P. (appointed by Benedict XIII of the Avignon Obedience) *1423–1440 :

Roger de Castelbon Roger is a given name, usually masculine, and a surname. The given name is derived from the Old French personal names ' and '. These names are of Germanic origin, derived from the elements ', ''χrōþi'' ("fame", "renown", "honour") and ', ' ( ...

(appointed by Martin V) *1440–1445 :

Pierre de Gachefret Pierre is a masculine given name. It is a French form of the name Peter. Pierre originally meant "rock" or "stone" in French (derived from the Greek word πέτρος (''petros'') meaning "stone, rock", via Latin "petra"). It is a translation ...

*16 January 1445 to 30 July 1460 :

Louis d'Albret Louis d'Albret (1422–1465) was a French Cardinal. He was a son of Charles II of Albret, Count of Dreux. He was bishop of Aire in 1445, bishop of Cahors in 1460. He was created Cardinal in 1461. In 1465 he was Bishop of Tarbes and Camerlengo of ...

(Administrator, 1445–1449; then Bishop) *1460–1475 :

Tristan d'Aure Tristan (Latin/Brythonic: ''Drustanus''; cy, Trystan), also known as Tristram or Tristain and similar names, is the hero of the legend of Tristan and Iseult. In the legend, he is tasked with escorting the Irish princess Iseult to wed T ...

(

Bishop of Couserans The former French Catholic diocese of Couserans existed perhaps from the fifth century to the French Revolution in the late eighteenth century. It covered the former province of Couserans, in south-west France. Its episcopal seat was in Saint-Lizi ...

, 1444–1460) *1475–1484 : Pierre de Foix *1484–1485 :

Mathieu de Nargassie Mathieu is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include: Surname * André Mathieu (1929–1968), Canadian pianist and composer * Anselme Mathieu (1828–1895), French Provençal poet * Claude-Louis Mathieu (1783–1875), ...

*15 February 1486 – 1512 :

Bernard d'Abbadie Bernard (''Bernhard'') is a French and West Germanic masculine given name. It is also a surname. The name is attested from at least the 9th century. West Germanic ''Bernhard'' is composed from the two elements ''bern'' "bear" and ''hard'' "brave ...

1500 to 1800

*1512–1516 : Antoine du Monastey *1516 – 22 December 1521 : Arnaud-Guillaume d’Aydie *24 April 1523 – 1530 : Charles de Gramont *9 March 1530 – 6 February 1538 : Gabriel de Saluces *1538–1560 : Jacques de Saint-Julien *1560–4 September 1570 : Christophe de Foix-Candale *1576–5 February 1594 : François de Foix-Candale (never consecrated) * ''Vacant'' *4 December 1606 – 1621 : Philippe Cospéan *1621 – 17 January 1625 : Sébastien Bouthilier *1625–1649 : Gilles Boutault *1650–1657 : Charles-François de Bourlemont *1657 – 12 October 1672 - Bernard de Sariac *12 January 1673 – 18 December 1684 : Jean-Louis de Fromentières *1693 – 29 March 1698 : Armand Bazin de Bezons *1698–1706 : Louis-Gaston Fleuriau d’Armenonville *1706 – 30 June 1710 : François-Gaspard de la Mer de Matha *1710–1723 : Joseph-Gaspard de Montmorin de Saint-Hérem *1723–1734 : Gilbert de Montmorin de Saint-Hérem *1735–1757 : François de Sarret de Gaujac *1758–1783 : Playcard (or Playcourt) de Raigecourt *1783–1801 : Sébastien-Charles-Philibert de Cahuzac de Caux

From 1800 — Bishops of Aire and Dax

*1823–1827 : Jean-François-Marie Le Pappe de Trévern (also

Archbishop of Strasbourg {{Unreferenced, date=December 2009 These persons were bishop, archbishop or prince-bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Strasbourg (including historically Prince-Bishopric of Strasbourg): Bishops and prince-bishops *Amandus *Justinus vo ...

) *1827–1839 : Dominique-Marie Savy *1839 – 30 June 1856 : François-Adélaïde-Adolphe Lanneluc *15 December 1856 – 6 June 1859 : Prosper-Michel-Armand HiraboureHis accident, death, and obituary: *26 September 1859 – 23 July 1876 : Louis-Marie-Olivier Épivent *18 December 1876 – 7 August 1905 : Victor-Jean-Baptiste-Paulin Delannoy *21 February 1906 – 1911 : François Touzet *1911–1930 :

Maurice Charles Alfred de Cormont Maurice may refer to: People *Saint Maurice (died 287), Roman legionary and Christian martyr *Maurice (emperor) or Flavius Mauricius Tiberius Augustus (539–602), Byzantine emperor * Maurice (bishop of London) (died 1107), Lord Chancellor and L ...

*1930–1963 :

Clément Mathieu Clement or Clément may refer to: People * Clement (name), a given name and surname * Saint Clement (disambiguation)#People Places * Clément, French Guiana, a town * Clement, Missouri, U.S. * Clement Township, Michigan, U.S. Other uses * Ad ...

*1963–1978 : Fernand Pierre Robert Bézac des Martinies *1978–2002 :

Robert Pierre Sarrabère Robert Pierre Sarrabére (August 30, 1926 – January 11, 2017) was a Catholic The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It i ...

*2002–2012 :

Philippe Breton Philippe Louis Jean Breton (14 November 1936 – 29 April 2020) was a French Roman Catholic bishop. Biography Breton was born in Rouen, France. After completing his studies at the Institut Catholique de Paris, he was ordained to the priesthood ...

*2012–2017 : Hervé Gaschignard ( fr) *2017–present:

Nicolas Jean-Marie Souchu Nicolas or Nicolás may refer to: People Given name * Nicolas (given name) Mononym * Nicolas (footballer, born 1999), Brazilian footballer * Nicolas (footballer, born 2000), Brazilian footballer Surname Nicolas * Dafydd Nicolas (c.1705–17 ...

References

Sources

Reference Works

* p. 72. (in Latin) * p. 80. * * * *

Studies

* * * * * ''Instrumenta'', pp. 181–185.

External links

* Centre national des Archives de l'Église de France
''L’Épiscopat francais depuis 1919''
retrieved: 2016-12-24. *Cheney, David M., ''Catholic-Hierarchy:''

Retrieved: 2016-08-05 {{DEFAULTSORT:Aire and Dax, Roman Catholic Diocese of Aire Aire Aire 1822 establishments in France