Bishop Of Cremona
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The Diocese of Cremona ( la, Dioecesis Cremonensis) is a
Latin Church , native_name_lang = la , image = San Giovanni in Laterano - Rome.jpg , imagewidth = 250px , alt = Façade of the Archbasilica of St. John in Lateran , caption = Archbasilica of Saint Joh ...
ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the
Catholic Church The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
in northern
Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...
. It is a suffragan diocese in the
ecclesiastical province An ecclesiastical province is one of the basic forms of jurisdiction in Christian Churches with traditional hierarchical structure, including Western Christianity and Eastern Christianity. In general, an ecclesiastical province consists of seve ...
of the metropolitan
Archdiocese of Milan The Archdiocese of Milan ( it, Arcidiocesi di Milano; la, Archidioecesis Mediolanensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Italy which covers the areas of Milan, Monza, Lecco and Varese. It has lon ...
. The bishop of Cremona's cathedra is in the Cathedral of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary. , the Diocese of Cremona had 223 parishes, all located within the
region In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as zones, lands or territories, are areas that are broadly divided by physical characteristics ( physical geography), human impact characteristics ( human geography), and the interaction of humanity an ...
of Lombardy, and the majority (174) within the Province of Cremona, besides 28 in the Province of Mantua, 17 in the Province of Bergamo, and 4 in the
Province of Milan The Province of Milan ( it, Provincia di Milano) was a province in the Lombardy region, Italy. Its capital was the city of Milan. The area of the former province is highly urbanized, with more than 2,000 inhabitants/km2, the third highest populat ...
.


History

Cremona is in Lombardy, Italy, on the left (north) bank of the
River Po The Po ( , ; la, Padus or ; Ancient Ligurian: or ) is the longest river in Italy. It flows eastward across northern Italy starting from the Cottian Alps. The river's length is either or , if the Maira, a right bank tributary, is included. Th ...
. It was built by the
Cenomani The Gaulish name Cenomani can refer to: * Aulerci Cenomani, an ancient Gallic tribe dwelling around modern Le Mans * Cenomani (Cisalpine Gaul) The Cenomani (Greek: , Strabo, Ptol.; , Polyb.), was an ancient tribe of the Cisalpine Gauls, who ...
Gauls, but later became a Roman colony and a frontier fortress. The tradition of Cremona considers St. Sabinus to be its first missionary and first bishop; he is said to have lived in the 1st century, though there is no documentary or monumental proof of his existence. His putative successor, Felix (c. 86) is known only from the name of a church. Among the early bishops are S. Syrinus (c. 340), a mere name but said to be a vigorous opponent of Arianism because of his alleged date, and S. Silvinus (733).
Liudprand of Cremona Liutprand, also Liudprand, Liuprand, Lioutio, Liucius, Liuzo, and Lioutsios (c. 920 – 972),"LIUTPRAND OF CREMONA" in ''The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium'', Oxford University Press, New York & Oxford, 1991, p. 1241. was a historian, diplomat, ...
was sent (946) as ambassador to
Constantinople la, Constantinopolis ota, قسطنطينيه , alternate_name = Byzantion (earlier Greek name), Nova Roma ("New Rome"), Miklagard/Miklagarth (Old Norse), Tsargrad ( Slavic), Qustantiniya ( Arabic), Basileuousa ("Queen of Cities"), Megalopolis ( ...
by the
Emperor Otto II An emperor (from la, imperator, via fro, empereor) is a monarch, and usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress, the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife ( empress consort), mother (empr ...
, and is a noted historical writer of the 10th century. On 21 September 603, Cremona, until then a part of the Byzantine Empire, was captured by the Lombard king,
Agilulf Agilulf ( 555 – April 616), called ''the Thuringian'' and nicknamed ''Ago'', was a duke of Turin and king of the Lombards from 591 until his death. A relative of his predecessor Authari, Agilulf was of Thuringian origin and belonged to the A ...
and completely destroyed. Under the
Emperor Otto I Otto I (23 November 912 – 7 May 973), traditionally known as Otto the Great (german: Otto der Große, it, Ottone il Grande), was East Frankish king from 936 and Holy Roman Emperor from 962 until his death in 973. He was the oldest son of He ...
(962–973) and his successors, its bishops acquired temporal sovereignty, but the people expelled Bishop Oldericus (973–1004) and adopted a republican form of government. On 26 February 1004, Bishop Oldericus obtained from Adelmus (a.k.a. Azo), the royal Missus of King Arduin (1002–1014), the royal ban against anyone who attempted to seize properties belonging to the bishop. In 987, Bishop Oldericus founded a Benedictine monastery in honor of S. Lawrence in Cremona. In 1546 the Benedictines were succeeded by Olivetan monks. The monastery was suppressed by the French occupation administration in 1797. In 1104, the diocese received a new bishop, Landulfus, a German and a Councillor and Chaplain of the Emperor Henry II, whose ascent was patronized by Henry's queen, Cunegonda. Landulfus was insensitive, arrogant, and overbearing. He was particularly hostile to his predecessor's foundation, the monastery of S. Lorenzo. His ill-treatment of the monks roused the anger of the citizens of Cremona, who had already twice suffered under the invasion of German imperial armies. They expelled Bishop Landulfus from the city, confiscated all his goods, and razed the bishop's castle to its foundations. The bishop's servants who were inside the castle were able to make an arrangement with the canons of the cathedral to ransom themselves with all of their goods, but their houses were destroyed. Bishop Landulfus was not able to reoccupy his episcopal seat until around 1010. The Emperor Henry IV (1056–1106), however, confirmed Bishop Landulf in all imperial grants made to his predecessors. On the other hand
Emperor Henry V Henry V (german: Heinrich V.; probably 11 August 1081 or 1086 – 23 May 1125, in Utrecht) was King of Germany (from 1099 to 1125) and Holy Roman Emperor (from 1111 to 1125), as the fourth and last ruler of the Salian dynasty. He was made co-ru ...
(1106–25) restored to the people their communal rights. Thenceforth Cremona became a citadel of Ghibellinism and was greatly favoured by
Frederic Barbarossa Frederick Barbarossa (December 1122 – 10 June 1190), also known as Frederick I (german: link=no, Friedrich I, it, Federico I), was the Holy Roman Emperor from 1155 until his death 35 years later. He was elected King of Germany in Frankfurt on ...
and Emperor Frederick II, though for the same reason frequently at war with the neighbouring cities. In 1107, the city committed itself to the building of a new cathedral, and laid the first cornerstone in the absence of the bishop. In 1113, after his return, Bishop Landulfus held a diocesan synod, but the city was consumed by a fire on 10 August 1113. Then, on 3 January 1117, a major earthquake struck the Veneto and Lombardy, ruining the cathedral. In 1211 and 1212, the papal legate Gerard of Sessa used Cremona as his base of operations in Lombardy, and employed Bishop Sicard of Cremona in some of his activities. In later medieval times Cremona had many lords or "tyrants", the
Pallavicini The House of Pallavicini, also known as Pallavicino and formerly known as Pelavicino, is an ancient Italian noble family founded by Oberto II ''Pelavicino'' of the Frankish Obertenghi family. The Pallavicini of Genoa The first recorded member o ...
, the Dovara, the Cavalcabo, the
Visconti of Milan The Visconti of Milan are a noble Italian family. They rose to power in Milan during the Middle Ages where they ruled from 1277 to 1447, initially as Lords then as Dukes, and several collateral branches still exist. The effective founder of the ...
(1334–1402), the
Sforza The House of Sforza () was a ruling family of Renaissance Italy, based in Milan. They acquired the Duchy of Milan following the extinction of the Visconti family in the mid-15th century, Sforza rule ending in Milan with the death of the last me ...
, until it became part of the Duchy of Milan (1328). The commune of Cremona was abolished by Azzo Visconti in 1334. In 1702 it was taken by imperial troops, and in 1796 and 1800 fell into the hands of the French. Other important bishops were Gualtiero (1096), in whose time the cathedral was begun; Sicardus (1185–1215), author of a chronicle and of the ''Mitrale'', a handbook on ecclesiastical offices; Cacciaconte da Somma (1261–1285), under whom was erected the belfry of the cathedral; Niccolo Sfondrati (1560–1590), later Pope Gregory XIV; his nephew Cardinal Paolo Sfondrati (1607–1610); also the zealous and charitable Omobono di Offredi (1791–1829). Bartolomeo Platina, the papal ''scriptor'', Librarian of the Vatican Library, and noted author of papal biographies, who was born in the village of Piadena (Platina), seven miles east of Cremona, styled himself ''Cremonensis''. Cremona lost part of its territory to the newly established
Diocese of Crema The Diocese of Crema ( la, Dioecesis Cremensis) is a Roman Catholic ecclesiastical territory in Lombardy in northern Italy. It has existed since 1579. It is suffragan to the Archdiocese of Milan.Pope Clement V Pope Clement V ( la, Clemens Quintus; c. 1264 – 20 April 1314), born Raymond Bertrand de Got (also occasionally spelled ''de Guoth'' and ''de Goth''), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 5 June 1305 to his de ...
died on 20 April 1314, before the impasse was resolved. The papal ''Sede vacante'' lasted until 7 August 1316, when the Conclave elected Cardinal Jacques Duèse as Pope John XXII. Pope John XXII finally issued a ruling on 18 July 1318, stating that Egidius de Madalbertis, Canon of the Church of Cremona, was the bishop of Cremona, to which he had been elected following the death of Bishop Raynerius. Egidiolus is referred to only as the other candidate in the contested election, and is not called a bishop. Since bishop-elect Egidius was still living in Avignon on 4 August 1319, he assigned to Frater Thomas of the house of S. Abundantius in Cremona the care of the physical fabric of the cathedral. Conditions in Cremona at the time are revealed in a letter to the Abbess and nuns of the monastery of Cistello, just outside the walls of Cremona, dated 6 October 1319; he commiserates with the nuns over the fact that they have been forced to abandon their monastery because of the incursions of hostile persons, and take up residence inside the city in houses of private individuals. Because they had been despoiled of all their property, they were forced to beg in the streets. In 1322, Duke Galeazzo Visconti seized Cremona. On 20 September 1325, Pope John sent a letter to Cardinal Giacomo Caetani Stefaneschi of S. Giorgio ''ad velum aureum'', authorizing him to accept Bishop-elect Egidius' resignation, and to take charge of the administration of the diocese himself. Egidius had never been able to enter his diocese or take possession of his see due to the civil war which had enveloped Cremona. The
Ghibellines The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, , ; it, guelfi e ghibellini ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of Central Italy and Northern Italy. During the 12th and 13th centuries, ri ...
had seized the city and the diocese and were triumphant against the papal government. On 13 September 1319, Pope John XXII issued the bull "Imminente Nobis", reserving to the papacy the right of appointment to all benefices, archiepiscopal, episcopal, collegiate, abbatial, monasterial, prioral, and all other ecclesiastical places, whether secular or regular, exempt (from episcopal control) or not. In this grand seizure of power, the Papacy deprived all chapters of the right to elect their head. The right of the chapter of Cremona to elect its bishop was ended. A new bishop for Cremona was appointed by John XXII in a letter of 6 March 1327. In 1328, the Emperor Louis the Bavarian seized Cremona.


Synods

A diocesan synod was an irregularly held, but important, meeting of the bishop of a diocese and his clergy. Its purpose was (1) to proclaim generally the various decrees already issued by the bishop; (2) to discuss and ratify measures on which the bishop chose to consult with his clergy; (3) to publish statutes and decrees of the diocesan synod, of the provincial synod, and of the Holy See. John Paul II, Constitutio Apostolica ''de Synodis Dioecesanis Agendis'' (March 19, 1997)
''Acta Apostolicae Sedis'' 89
(1997), pp. 706-727. Andrea Tilatti, "Sinodi diocesane e concili provinciali in italia nord-orientale fra Due e Trecento. Qualche riflessione," ''Mélanges de l'Ecole française de Rome. Moyen-Age, Temps modernes T. 112, N°1. 2000, pp. 273-304.
In 1550, Cardinal Francesco Sfondrati, Bishop of Cremona (1549–1550), issued a set of constitutions and edicts to be observed in his diocese. In his letter of transmittal, he admits that his predecessors for more than seventy years, because of their long absences, had allowed some of the clergy and people of the diocese to go wrong, which made corrections both beneficial and necessary. Bishop Cesare Speciano (1591–1607) held a diocesan synod in Cremona in 1599. He held his second diocesan synod in 1604. Cardinal Pietro Campori (1621–1643) held a diocesan synod in 1635. Bishop Alessandro Litta (1718–1749) held a diocesan synod in the cathedral in Cremona on 28–30 April 1727.


Bishops

The Diocese of Cremona provides a list of its bishops on its official web site. Of the bishops of the first eight centuries, it recognizes only Joannes (451), Eustasius (501), Desiderius (679), and Stephanus (774).


to 900

* Stephanus (320–342 ?) * Sirinus (342–380) * Auderius (381–391) * Conradus * Vincenzo (407–?) * Sirinus II (422–451) * Joannes I (attested 451) * Eustasius, Eustachius (491– c. 513) * Crisogonus (513–537) * Felix (537–562) * Creato (563 – c. 584) * Sisto (584 – c. 609) * Desiderius (609–610) * Anselm (610–?) * Eusebius (c. 637–?) * Bernard (670–?) * Desiderius (attested 679) * Zeno, OSB (703–?) * Silvino (733–?) * Stephen II (776–?) * Walfred (816–818) * Atto (818–823) * Siniperto degli Addobati (823–840?) * Panchoardus (840–851?) * Benedictus (c. 851 – c. 881) * Lando (c. 881–c.910?)


900 to 1200

* Joannes (attested c. 915–924) * Dagibertus (attested 931–960) * Liutprand (attested 962–970/972) * Oldericus (attested 973–1004) * Landulfus (1007–1030) * Ubaldus (1031–1067) *Arnulfus (1068–1078) *Walterius (attested 1096) *Ugo de Noceto *Ubertus (1087–1095) :... *Ubertus (1118–1162) *Presbyter de Medolao (1163–1167) * Emmanuel, O.Cist. (1 May 1167 – 27 February 1168) * Offredo degli Offredi (1168–1185) * Sicardus (1185–1215)


1200 to 1500

* Omobono de Madalberti (c. 1215–1248) ** Giovanni Buono de Geroldi (1248–1249) (bishop-elect) * Bernerio (1249 – c. 1260) * Cacciaconte da Somma (1261–1288) * Ponzio Ponzoni (1288–1290) * Bonizo (c. 1290– c. 1294) * Raynerius de Casulo (1296–1312) : gidiolo Bonseri (1313–1317) *Egidio Madalberti (1318–1325) ''Bishop-elect'' *Ugolino di San Marco, O.P. (1327–1349) ::''Dondino (1328–1331) Intrusus'' *Ugolino Ardengheri (1349–1361) *Pietro Capello (1361–1383) *Marco Porri (1383–1386) *Giorgio Torti (1386–1389) *Tommaso Visconti (1390) *Francesco Lante, O.F.M. (1390–1401) * Pietro Grassi (1401–1402) *Francesco Lante (1402–1405) *Bartolomeo Capra (1405–1411) *
Costanzo Fondulo Costanzo Fondulo (died 1423) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Cremona (1412–1423). ''(in Latin)'' Biography On 28 March 1412, Costanzo Fondulo was appointed Bishop of Cremona by Pope Gregory XII. Wikipedia:SPS, In 1412, he ...
(1412–1423) *Venturino de Marni, OSB (1423–1457) *Bernardo Rossi (1458–1466) *
Giovanni Stefano Botticelli Giovanni Stefano Botticelli (died 1472) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Cremona (1466–1472). ''(in Latin)'' Biography On 8 October 1466, Giovanni Stefano Botticelli was appointed Bishop of Cremona by Pope Paul II. On 18 ...
(1466–1472) * Jacopo-Antonio dalla Torre (1476–1486) *Cardinal
Ascanio Maria Sforza Ascanio Maria Sforza Visconti (3 March 1455 – 28 May 1505) was an Italian Cardinal of the Catholic Church. Generally known as a skilled diplomat who played a major role in the election of Rodrigo Borgia as Pope Alexander VI, Sforza served ...
(1486–1505) ''Administrator''


1500 to 1800

:Cardinal
Galeotto Franciotti della Rovere Galeotto Franciotti della Rovere (1471 – 11 September 1507) was an Italian Roman Catholic bishop and cardinal. Biography della Rovere was born in Lucca in 1471, the son of Francesco Franciotti and Luchina della Rovere, a member of the House ...
(1505–1507 Resigned) ''Administrator'' * Gerolamo Trevisan, O.Cist. (1507–1523) *
Pietro Accolti Pietro Accolti (15 March 1455 – 11 December 1532), known as the "cardinal of Ancona", was an Italian Roman Catholic cardinal and judge of the Roman Rota. Life He was born in Florence on 15 March 1455, the son of the famous jurist Benedetto Accol ...
(1523/4, resigned) * Benedetto Accolti (1523–1549) *Cardinal
Francesco Sfondrati Francesco Sfondrati (1493–1550) was an Italian Roman Catholic bishop and cardinal and the father of Pope Gregory XIV. Biography Francesco Sfondrati was born in Cremona on 26 October 1493, the son of Cremonan patricians Giovanni Battista Sfro ...
(1549–1550) *
Federico Cesi Federico Angelo Cesi (; 26 February 1585 – 1 August 1630) was an Italian scientist, naturalist, and founder of the Accademia dei Lincei. On his father's death in 1630, he became briefly lord of Acquasparta. Biography Federico Cesi was ...
(1551–1560 Resigned) * Niccolò Sfondrati (1560–1590) * Cesare Speciano (1591–1607) *Cardinal Paolo Camillo Sfondrati (1607–1610 Resigned) * Giambattista Brivio (1610–1621) *Cardinal
Pietro Campori Pietro Campori (c.1553 – 4 February 1643) was an Italian cardinal of the Catholic Church and Bishop of Cremona. He was friends with Scipione Borghese, the nephew of Pope Paul V, and was twice a candidate for election to the papacy, in the concla ...
(1621–1643) * Francesco Visconti (1643–1670 Resigned) *
Pietro Isimbardi Pietro is an Italian masculine given name. Notable people with the name include: People * Pietro I Candiano (c. 842–887), briefly the 16th Doge of Venice * Pietro Tribuno (died 912), 17th Doge of Venice, from 887 to his death * Pietro II Can ...
,
O. Carm. , image = , caption = Coat of arms of the Carmelites , abbreviation = OCarm , formation = Late 12th century , founder = Early hermits of Mount Carmel , founding_location = Mount Ca ...
(1670–1675) * Agostino Isimbardi,
O.S.B. , image = Medalla San Benito.PNG , caption = Design on the obverse side of the Saint Benedict Medal , abbreviation = OSB , formation = , motto = (English: 'Pray and Work') , found ...
(1676–1681 Died) *
Lodovico Septala Lodovico is an Italian masculine given name, and may refer to: * Cigoli (1559–1613), Italian painter and architect * Lodovico, Count Corti (1823–1888), Italian diplomat * Lodovico Agostini (1534–1590), Italian composer * Lodovico Altieri (180 ...
(1682–1697) * Alessandro Croce (1697–1704) *Carlo Ottaviano Guasco (1704–1717) *Alessandro Maria Litta (1718–1749 Resigned) *Ignazio Maria Fraganeschi (1749–1790) *Omobono Offredi (1791–1829)


since 1831

*Carlo Emmanuelle Sardagna de Hohenstein (1831–1837 Resigned) *Bartolomeo Casati (1839–1844) *Bartolomeo Carlo Romilli (1846–1847) *Antonio Novasconi (1850–1867) *Geremia Bonomelli (1871–1914) *Giovanni Cazzani (1914–1952) *Danio Bolognini (1952–1972) *Giuseppe Amari (1973–1978) *Fiorino Tagliaferri (1978–1983 Resigned) *Enrico Assi (1983–1992) *Giulio Nicolini (1993–2001) *Dante Lafranconi (2001–2015 Retired) *Antonio Napolioni (2015–)CV of Bishop Napolioni: Diocesi di Cremona
"Vescovo: S. E. mons. Antonio Napolioni"
retrieved: 10 October 2020.


See also

* List of bishops of Cremona (in Italian) *
Timeline of Cremona The following is a timeline of the Cremona#History, history of the city of Cremona in the Lombardy region of Italy. Prior to 16th century * 218 BCE - Cremona becomes part of the Roman Republic. * 89 BCE - Roman citizenship granted to Cremonese ...


Notes


Bibliography


Episcopal lists

* pp. 777–779. (in Latin) * (in Latin) * (in Latin) * (in Latin) * (in Latin) * * (in Latin) * * *


Studies

*''Annales Cremonenses'' (ed. O. Holder-Egger). In: * * * *''Cremona città imperiale. Nell’VIII centenario della nascita di Federico II. Atti del Convegno Internazionale di Studi (Cremona, 27-28 ottobre 1995)''. Cremona 1999 (Annali della Biblioteca Statale e Libreria civica di Cremona, XLIX). * *Filippini, E. (2001), "Il vescovo Sicardo di Cremona (1185-1215) e la fondazione del monastero di San Giovanni del Deserto," in ''Annali dell'Istituto storico italogermanico in Trento'' XXVII (2001), pp. 13–56. *Gualazzini, U. (1972). "Falsificazioni di fonti dell’età paleocristiana e altomedievale nella storiografia cremonese". Cremona 1975 (''Annali delle Biblioteca Statale e Libreria Civica di Cremon'', XXIII, 1972), pp. 31–32, 51-78. *Kehr, Paul Fridolin (1913).
Italia pontificia
: sive, Repertorium privilegiorum et litterarum a romanis pontificibus ante annum 1598 Italiae ecclesiis, monasteriis, civitatibus singulisque personis concessorum.'' Vol. VI. pars i. Berolini: Weidmann. * Lanzoni, Francesco (1927).
Le diocesi d'Italia dalle origini al principio del secolo VII (an. 604)
', vol. II, Faenza 1927. * Leoni, Valeria (2005). "Privilegia episcopii Cremonensis. Il cartulario vescovile di Cremona e il vescovo Sicardo (1185-1215)". ''Scrineum Rivista'', 3 (Firenze: Firenze UP 2005), pp. 75–122. *Novati, Francesco, "L' Obituario della cattedrale di Cremona," in: VII (Milano 1880), pp. 245–276. VIII (1881), pp. 246–266, and 484-506. * * *Schwartz, Gerhard (1907)
''Die Besetzung der Bistümer Reichsitaliens unter den sächsischen und salischen Kaisern: mit den Listen der Bischöfe, 951-1122''
Leipzig: B.G. Teubner. pp. 109–115. *Sigard, Bishop of Cremona. ''Cronica'' (ed. O. Holder-Egger). In: *


External links

*Benigni, Umberto

The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 4. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1908. Retrieved: 7 October 2020. bsolete; there is a new edition {{DEFAULTSORT:Roman Catholic Diocese Of Cremona Cremona Province of Bergamo Province of Cremona Province of Mantua Cremona