Berwick-upon-Tweed was a

local government district The districts of England (also known as local authority districts or local government districts to distinguish from unofficial city districts) are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government. As the st ...

and borough in Northumberland in the north-east of England, on the border with Scotland. The district had a resident population of 25,949 according to the 2001 census, which also notes that it is the most ethnically homogeneous in the country, with 99.6% of the population recording themselves in the 2001 census as ''White''. It was also the least populated district in England with borough status, and the third-least

densely populated Population density (in agriculture: standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geographical term.Matt RosenberPopu ...

local government district (after Eden and

Tynedale __NOTOC__ Tynedale is an area and former local government district in south-west Northumberland, England. The district had a resident population of 58,808 according to the 2001 Census. Its main towns were Hexham, Haltwhistle and Prudhoe. ...

). Its main town is Berwick-upon-Tweed, sited immediately to the north of the Tweed estuary. The town is ancient, the scene of a number of battles; it has perhaps the best remaining example of a (almost completely intact) town wall, built for defensive purposes. On the south of the estuary, the port of Tweedmouth is the point of export of diverse goods, but especially grain and roadstone. The remainder of the borough is rural, bordered to the west by the

Cheviot Hills The Cheviot Hills (), or sometimes The Cheviots, are a range of uplands straddling the Anglo-Scottish border between Northumberland and the Scottish Borders. The English section is within the Northumberland National Park. The range includes ...

, and to the east by a scenic coastline. The borough was formed on 1 April 1974 by the merger of the previous borough of Berwick-upon-Tweed with

Belford Rural District Belford may refer to: People * Belford (name) Places * Belford Historic District, a National Historic District in Georgetown, Texas * Belford, New Jersey, United States * Belford, New South Wales, Australia *Belford, Northumberland, England *Be ...

Glendale Rural District Glendale is the anglicised version of the Gaelic Gleann Dail, which means ''valley of fertile, low-lying arable land''. It may refer to: Places Australia *Glendale, New South Wales ** Stockland Glendale, a shopping centre * Glendale, Queensland, ...

and Norham and Islandshires Rural District. Berwick was the first district in Britain to hold a referendum on whether to have a directly elected mayor. This referendum, on 7 June 2001, decided against an elected mayor. The district was abolished as part of the

2009 structural changes to local government in England Structural changes to local government in England were effected on 1 April 2009, whereby a number of new unitary authorities were created in parts of the country which previously operated a "two-tier" system of counties and districts. In five s ...

effective from 1 April 2009 with responsibilities being transferred to Northumberland County Council, a unitary authority.

Settlements and parishes

The borough contained the settlements and civil parishes of: (towns highlighted in bold) * Adderstone with Lucker,

Akeld Akeld is a village and civil parish in Northumberland, England. It is situated around to the west of Wooler and from the border with Scotland at Coldstream. The village lies on the northern limit of Northumberland National Park and on the fo ...

Ancroft Ancroft is a village and civil parish (which includes the village of Scremerston) in Northumberland, England. Prior to 1844, Ancroft lay within the Islandshire exclave of County Durham. It is south of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and has a population o ...

Bamburgh Bamburgh ( ) is a village and civil parish on the coast of Northumberland, England. It had a population of 454 in 2001, decreasing to 414 at the 2011 census. The village is notable for the nearby Bamburgh Castle, a castle which was the seat o ...

Beadnell Beadnell is a village and civil parish in Northumberland, England. It is situated about south-east of Bamburgh, on the North Sea coast, and has a population of 528(2001), increasing to 545 at the 2011 Census. It takes its name from the Anglo S ...

, Belford, Berwick-upon-Tweed, Bewick,

Bowsden Bowsden is a village and civil parish in Northumberland, England. It is about to the south of Berwick-upon-Tweed, inland from the North Sea coast at Lindisfarne, and has a population of 157, rising to 178 at the 2011 Census. Landmark ...

, Branxton *

Carham Carham or Carham on Tweed is a village in Northumberland, England. The village lies on the south side of the River Tweed about west of Coldstream. According to the United Kingdom Census 2011, it is the place in England with greatest proportion o ...

Chatton Chatton is a village in Northumberland, in England. It is roughly to the east of Wooler. History Chatton has been occupied for many centuries. There has been a church on the site since the twelfth century. There is evidence of occupation i ...

, Chillingham,

Cornhill-on-Tweed Cornhill-on-Tweed is a small village and civil parish in Northumberland, England about to the east of Coldstream, Scotland. The hamlets of West Learmouth and East Learmouth are located to the south and west of the village respectively. Hist ...

* Doddington,

Duddo Duddo is a village and civil parish in Northumberland, about southwest of Berwick-upon-Tweed. History Duddo Five Stones is a stone circle to the north of the village. It is a Scheduled Monument. Duddo Tower, south of the village, wa ...

* Earle, Easington, Ellingham, Ewart *

Ford Ford commonly refers to: * Ford Motor Company, an automobile manufacturer founded by Henry Ford * Ford (crossing), a shallow crossing on a river Ford may also refer to: Ford Motor Company * Henry Ford, founder of the Ford Motor Company * Ford F ...

Holy Island Sacred space, sacred ground, sacred place, sacred temple, holy ground, or holy place refers to a location which is deemed to be sacred or hallowed. The sacredness of a natural feature may accrue through tradition or be granted through a bles ...

Horncliffe Horncliffe is a village in the county of Northumberland, England. It lies on the south bank of the River Tweed about south west of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and about north east of Norham and is the most northerly village in England. Governa ...

* Ilderton, Ingram * Kilham, Kirknewton,

Kyloe Kyloe is a civil parish in the county of Northumberland, about south-east of Berwick-upon-Tweed. According to the parish council, the main centres of population are Fenwick, Beal, and Berrington (in the western "panhandle" of the parish). T ...

* Lilburn, Lowick * Middleton,

Milfield Milfield is a village in Northumberland, England about northwest of Wooler. The A697 road passes through the village. History Milfield is the likely location of the Northumbrian royal settlement of Maelmin, given "mael" is a Brythonic word ...

* Norham,

North Sunderland North Sunderland is a fishing village on the coast of Northumberland, England, and adjacent to Seahouses. The population of the civil parish was 1,803 at the 2001 census, increasing to 1,959 at the 2011 Census. Etymology The name ''North S ...

Ord Ord or ORD may refer to: Places * Ord of Caithness, landform in north-east Scotland * Ord, Nebraska, USA * Ord, Northumberland, England * Muir of Ord, village in Highland, Scotland * Ord, Skye, a place near Tarskavaig * Ord River, Western Austr ...

* Roddam *

Shoreswood Shoreswood is a place and civil parish about 6 miles from Berwick-upon-Tweed, in the county of Northumberland, England. The parish includes the hamlets of Shoresdean and Thornton. In 2011 the parish had a population of 148. The parish touches ...

Wooler Wooler ( ) is a small town in Northumberland, England. It lies on the edge of the Northumberland National Park, near the Cheviot Hills. It is a popular base for walkers and is referred to as the "Gateway to the Cheviots". As well as many shops ...

, Wark on Tweed

External links

Statistics
about the Berwick-upon-Tweed borough from the Office for National Statistics

Census 2001 2001 census may refer to a census covered by: * Census in Australia#2001 * 2001 Bangladesh census * 2001 Bolivian census * Canada 2001 Census * 2001 census of Croatia * 2001 Census of India * Lithuanian census of 2001 * 2001 Nepal census * 2 ...

{{DEFAULTSORT:Berwick-upon-Tweed, Borough of Former non-metropolitan districts of Northumberland Borough of English districts abolished in 2009 Former boroughs in England

Settlements and parishes

See also

External links