The Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities is an international statement on
open access and
access to knowledge. It emerged from a conference on open access hosted in the
Harnack House in
Berlin by the
Max Planck Society in 2003.
Background
Following the
Budapest Open Access Initiative in 2002 and the
Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing The Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing is a 2003 statement which defines the concept of open access and then supports that concept.
The statement
On 11 April 2003, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute held a meeting for 24 people to disc ...
in 2003, the Berlin Declaration was a third influential event in the establishment of the open access movement.
Peter Suber
Peter Dain Suber (born November 8, 1951) is a philosopher specializing in the philosophy of law and open access to knowledge. He is a Senior Researcher at the Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society, Director of the Harvard Office for Scholarl ...
has referred to the three events combined as the "BBB definition" of open access as the three overlap with and inform one another.
The declaration was drafted at an October 2003 conference held by the Max Planck Society and the European Cultural Heritage Online (ECHO) project. More than 120 cultural and political organizations from around the world attended.
Statement
The statement itself was published on October 22, 2003. Acknowledging the increasing importance of the internet and the previous discussions on the need for open access, it offered the following definition of an open access contribution:
It also encouraged researchers and institutions to publish their work in accordance with these principles, advocate for open access and help in the development and assessment of open access related tools and measures.
Signatories
, there are 769 signatories of the declaration.
Legacy
At a 2005 follow-up conference, the declaration was refined to two key principles: signatories should require researchers to deposit a copy of their work in an
open access repository and encourage the publication of work in
open access journal
Open access (OA) is a set of principles and a range of practices through which research outputs are distributed online, free of access charges or other barriers. With open access strictly defined (according to the 2001 definition), or libre op ...
s when available. Today these two concepts are often called "Green OA" and "Gold OA, " respectively, and the two combined are referred to as an
open-access mandate.
In 2013, on the 10th anniversary of the declaration, a mission statement was published with a goal of ensuring that 90% of research is published within an open access model.
See also
* Open access
around the world:
** Africa:
South Africa
** Americas:
Canada
** Asia:
India
** Europe:
Austria
Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous c ...
,
Belgium,
Denmark,
France,
Germany,
Greece,
Hungary,
Ireland,
Italy,
Netherlands,
Norway,
Poland,
Portugal,
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eight ...
,
Spain,
Sweden,
Ukraine
*
Plan S — a European open access science publishing initiative launched in late2018
References
External links
Text of the Declarationpdf
{{Open access navbox
Academic publishing
Open access statements
2003 works
Access to Knowledge movement