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The Baudin expedition of 1800 to 1803 was a French expedition to map the coast of New Holland (now
Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands. With an area of , Australia is the largest country by ...
).
Nicolas Baudin Nicolas Thomas Baudin (; 17 February 1754 – 16 September 1803) was a French explorer, cartographer, naturalist and hydrographer, most notable for his explorations in Australia and the southern Pacific. Biography Early career Born a comm ...
was selected as leader in October 1800. The expedition started with two ships, '' Géographe'', captained by Baudin, and '' Naturaliste'' captained by
Jacques Hamelin Ancient and noble French family names, Jacques, Jacq, or James are believed to originate from the Middle Ages in the historic northwest Brittany region in France, and have since spread around the world over the centuries. To date, there are ove ...
, and was accompanied by nine zoologists and botanists, including Jean-Baptiste Leschenault de la Tour, François Péron and Charles-Alexandre Lesueur as well as the geographer Pierre Faure.


Expedition

Napoléon Bonaparte Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader wh ...
, as First Consul, formally approved the expedition "to the coasts of New Holland", after receiving a delegation consisting of Baudin and eminent members of th
Institut National des Sciences et Arts
on 25 March 1800. The explicit purpose of the voyage was to be "observation and research relating to Geography and Natural History." The Baudin expedition departed
Le Havre Le Havre (, ; nrf, Lé Hâvre ) is a port city in the Seine-Maritime department in the Normandy region of northern France. It is situated on the right bank of the estuary of the river Seine on the Channel southwest of the Pays de Caux, very ...
,
France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
, on 19 October 1800. Because of delays in receiving his instructions and problems encountered in Isle de France (now
Mauritius Mauritius ( ; french: Maurice, link=no ; mfe, label= Mauritian Creole, Moris ), officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island nation in the Indian Ocean about off the southeast coast of the African continent, east of Madagascar. It ...
) they did not reach
Cape Leeuwin Cape Leeuwin is the most south-westerly (but not most southerly) mainland point of the Australian continent, in the state of Western Australia. Description A few small islands and rocks, the St Alouarn Islands, extend further in Flinders B ...
on the south-west corner of the continent until May 1801. Upon rounding Cape Naturaliste, they entered Geographe Bay. During their exploration here they lost a longboat and a sailor, Assistant Helmsman Timothée Vasse. They then sailed north, but the ships became separated and did not meet again until they reached
Timor Timor is an island at the southern end of Maritime Southeast Asia, in the north of the Timor Sea. The island is divided between the sovereign states of East Timor on the eastern part and Indonesia on the western part. The Indonesian part, ...
. On their journeys ''Géographe'' and ''Naturaliste'' surveyed large stretches of the north-western coast. The expedition was severely affected by dysentery and fever, but sailed from Timor on 13 November 1801, back down the north-west and west coast, then across the Great Australian Bight, reaching
Tasmania ) , nickname = , image_map = Tasmania in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of Tasmania in AustraliaCoordinates: , subdivision_type = Country , subdi ...
on 13 January 1802. They charted the whole length of Tasmania's east coast and there were extensive interactions with the Indigenous Tasmanians, with whom they had peaceful relationships. They notably produced precious ethnological studies of Indigenous Tasmanians. The expedition then began surveying the south coast of Australia, but then Captain Jacques Felix Emmanuel Hamelin in ''Naturaliste'' decided to make for
Port Jackson Port Jackson, consisting of the waters of Sydney Harbour, Middle Harbour, North Harbour and the Lane Cove and Parramatta Rivers, is the ria or natural harbour of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The harbour is an inlet of the Tasman S ...
(Sydney) as he was running short of food and water, and in need of anchors. En route, in April 1802, Hamelin explored the area of Western Port, Victoria, and gave names to places, a number of which have survived, for example, ''Ile des Français'' is now called French Island. Meanwhile, Baudin in ''Géographe'' continued westward, and in April 1802 encountered the British ship '' Investigator'' commanded by
Matthew Flinders Captain Matthew Flinders (16 March 1774 – 19 July 1814) was a British navigator and cartographer who led the first inshore circumnavigation of mainland Australia, then called New Holland. He is also credited as being the first person to ut ...
, also engaged in charting the coastline, at Encounter Bay in what is now
South Australia South Australia (commonly abbreviated as SA) is a States and territories of Australia, state in the southern central part of Australia. It covers some of the most arid parts of the country. With a total land area of , it is the fourth-largest o ...
. Flinders informed Baudin of his discovery of Kangaroo Island, St. Vincent's and Spencer's Gulfs. Baudin sailed on to the Nuyts Archipelago, the point reached by the Dutch ship '' 't Gulden Zeepaert'' in 1627, before heading for Port Jackson as well for supplies. In late 1802 the expedition was at
Port Jackson Port Jackson, consisting of the waters of Sydney Harbour, Middle Harbour, North Harbour and the Lane Cove and Parramatta Rivers, is the ria or natural harbour of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The harbour is an inlet of the Tasman S ...
, where the government sold 60 casks of flour and 25 casks of salt meat to Baudin to resupply his two vessels. The supplies permitted ''Naturaliste'' to return to France and ''Géographe'' to continue her explorations of the Australian coast. The expedition reported on the defences of the town and the disaffection of Irish convicts. ''Naturaliste'' took with her the Colony's staff surgeon, Mr. James Thomson, whom Governor
Philip Gidley King Captain Philip Gidley King (23 April 1758 – 3 September 1808) was a British politician who was the third Governor of New South Wales. When the First Fleet arrived in January 1788, King was detailed to colonise Norfolk Island for defence ...
had given permission to return to England. Before resuming the voyage Baudin purchased a 30
ton Ton is the name of any one of several units of measure. It has a long history and has acquired several meanings and uses. Mainly it describes units of weight. Confusion can arise because ''ton'' can mean * the long ton, which is 2,240 pounds ...
schooner, which he named the , a smaller vessel which could conduct close inshore survey work. He sent the larger ''Naturaliste'' under Hamelin back to France with all the specimens that had been collected by Baudin and his crew. As the voyage had progressed
Louis de Freycinet Louis Claude de Saulces de Freycinet (7 August 1779 – 18 August 1841) was a French Navy officer. He circumnavigated the earth, and in 1811 published the first map to show a full outline of the coastline of Australia. Biography He was born at ...
, now a Lieutenant, had shown his talents as an officer and a hydrographer and so was given command of ''Casuarina''. The expedition then headed for Tasmania and conducted further charting of Bass Strait before sailing west, following the west coast northward, and after another visit to Timor, undertook further exploration along the north coast of Australia. Plagued by contrary winds, ill health, and because 'the quadrupeds and emus were very sick', it was decided on 7 July 1803 to return to France. On the return voyage, the ships stopped in
Mauritius Mauritius ( ; french: Maurice, link=no ; mfe, label= Mauritian Creole, Moris ), officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island nation in the Indian Ocean about off the southeast coast of the African continent, east of Madagascar. It ...
, where Baudin died of
tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by '' Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections show no symptoms, ...
on 16 September 1803. The expedition finally reached France on 24 March 1804. The scientific expedition was considered a great success, with more than 2500 new species discovered.


Outcomes

An inscription on a rock was left by members of ''Géographe'' on Kangaroo Island in 1803, which reads, "", i.e. "Expedition of discovery by Captain Baudin in the ''Géographe'', 1803". To protect it from erosion, the original rock is now housed at the Gateway Visitor Information Centre on Howard Drive,
Penneshaw Penneshaw is a township in the Australian state of South Australia located on the northeast coast of the Dudley Peninsula on Kangaroo Island about south of the state capital of Adelaide. It is the island's main ferry port with regular services ...
, and a fine replica is on open view on the Penneshaw foreshore, beneath a concrete dome which has been a local landmark since 1906. Many Western Australian places still have French names today from Baudin's expedition: for example, Peron Peninsula,
Depuch Island Depuch Island (or Warmalana) is a volcanic island located off the north-west coast of Western Australia's Pilbara region, near Port Hedland. Aboriginal significance The island is of cultural importance to the Ngaluma Aboriginal people, who kno ...
, Cape Levillain, Boullanger Island and
Faure Island Faure Island is a 58 km2 island pastoral lease and nature reserve, east of the Francois Peron National Park on the Peron Peninsula, in Shark Bay, Western Australia. It lies in line with the Monkey Mia resort to the west, and the Wooram ...
; and the Australian plant genus '' Guichenotia'' honours the name of Antoine Guichenot. According to researchers from the
University of Adelaide The University of Adelaide (informally Adelaide University) is a public research university located in Adelaide, South Australia. Established in 1874, it is the third-oldest university in Australia. The university's main campus is located on N ...
, during this expedition Baudin prepared a report for
Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader wh ...
on ways to invade and capture the British colony at
Sydney Cove Sydney Cove (Eora: ) is a bay on the southern shore of Sydney Harbour, one of several harbours in Port Jackson, on the coast of Sydney, New South Wales. Sydney Cove is a focal point for community celebrations, due to its central Sydney locatio ...
.Jean Fornasiero and John West-Sooby (transl. and eds.), ''French Designs on Colonial New South Wales: François Péron’s Memoir on the English Settlements in New Holland, Van Diemen’s Land and the Archipelagos of the Great Pacific Ocean,'
The Friends of the State Library of South Australia Inc.
Adelaide, 2014.
The Baudin expedition was intended to be a voyage of discovery that would further scientific knowledge and perhaps eclipse the achievements of Captain
James Cook James Cook (7 November 1728 Old Style date: 27 October – 14 February 1779) was a British explorer, navigator, cartographer, and captain in the British Royal Navy, famous for his three voyages between 1768 and 1779 in the Pacific Ocean and ...
.


Crew

Among those joining the Baudin expedition were Sub-lieutenants Louis-Claude (Louis) de Saulses de Freycinet and his older brother Henri-Louis (Henri). Louis did not initially sail as a 'geographer'. Both were eventually promoted to Lieutenant, and Louis was later given command of the schooner , purchased in Sydney to enable improved inshore surveying. Another member of the expedition, someone who was ultimately to have a highly significant influence on its outcomes, was the 25-year-old assistant zoologist François Péron.


Officers and sailors

Captains Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police department, election precinct, e ...
: Nicolas Thomas Baudin (1754–1803) (''Géographe'') and
Jacques Félix Emmanuel Hamelin Baron Jacques Félix Emmanuel Hamelin (13 October 1768 – 23 April 1839) was a rear admiral of the French navy and later a Baron. He commanded numerous naval expeditions and battles with the Royal Navy as well as exploratory voyages in the In ...
(1768–1839) (''Naturaliste''). Surgeon-Physician and naturalist: Pierre François Keraudren (1769–1858) (Le Géographe)(Preparations not on board) Sub-lieutenants
Louis de Freycinet Louis Claude de Saulces de Freycinet (7 August 1779 – 18 August 1841) was a French Navy officer. He circumnavigated the earth, and in 1811 published the first map to show a full outline of the coastline of Australia. Biography He was born at ...
and, his older brother, Henri-Louis de Freycinet
Sailor A sailor, seaman, mariner, or seafarer is a person who works aboard a watercraft as part of its crew, and may work in any one of a number of different fields that are related to the operation and maintenance of a ship. The profession of the s ...
s:
Hyacinthe de Bougainville Hyacinthe Yves Philippe Potentien, baron de Bougainville (26 December 1781 – 18 October 1846) was a French naval officer. He was the son of Louis-Antoine de Bougainville.Randier, p.292 He became Rear-Admiral on 1 May 1838. Career As a youn ...
,
midshipman A midshipman is an officer of the lowest rank, in the Royal Navy, United States Navy, and many Commonwealth navies. Commonwealth countries which use the rank include Canada (Naval Cadet), Australia, Bangladesh, Namibia, New Zealand, South Af ...
second-class, and François-Antoine Boniface Heirisson,
midshipman A midshipman is an officer of the lowest rank, in the Royal Navy, United States Navy, and many Commonwealth navies. Commonwealth countries which use the rank include Canada (Naval Cadet), Australia, Bangladesh, Namibia, New Zealand, South Af ...
;
Charles Baudin Charles Baudin (21 July 1784 – 7 June 1854), was a French admiral, whose naval service extended from the First Empire through the early days of the Second Empire. Biography From 1800, Baudin served as a midshipman on ''Géographe'' and too ...
, midshipman. Jacques-Philippe Mérigon de Montgéry was a 2nd class midshipman aboard ''Géographe'' and landed sick at Île-de-France on 25 April 1801.


Scientists and artists

A total of 24 various scientists and artists including five gardeners accompanied Baudin on the expedition. It was an unprecedented number to be assembled for a voyage at the time. However, after only six months at sea, and before reaching Australia, ten of the group were disembarked at Mauritius mainly due to illness. Subsequently, five others died. In fact, only six of the original group of scientists and artists would complete the journey home.


Publications

* François Péron, ''Voyage de découvertes aux terres australes'' ('Voyage of Discovery to the Southern Lands', three volumes, Paris, 1807–1816); this work included the Freycinet Map of 1811, the first published map showing the full outline of Australia * Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot, ''Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle'' ('New Dictionary of Natural History', 1816–1819): new bird species described


Collections

Over 200,000 specimens from the expedition were deposited in
Muséum national d'histoire naturelle The French National Museum of Natural History, known in French as the ' (abbreviation MNHN), is the national natural history museum of France and a ' of higher education part of Sorbonne Universities. The main museum, with four galleries, is loc ...
(zoology) and Jardin des Plantes (botany). Live plants, animals and birds were also sent to Empress Josephine Bonaparte's gardens at Château de Malmaison.


See also

*
European exploration of Australia The European exploration of Australia first began in February 1606, when Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon landed in Cape York Peninsula and on October that year when Spanish explorer Luís Vaz de Torres sailed through, and navigated, Torres Stra ...
* Freycinet Map of 1811 * History of Australia (1788–1850)


References


Further reading

* François Péron, ''Voyage de découverte aux terres Australes'' (3 volumes, Paris, 1807–1816

* François Péron, ''A Voyage of Discovery to the Southern Hemisphere: Performed by Order of the Emperor Napoleon, During the Years 1801, 1802, 1803, and 1804,'' London, Richard Phillips, 1809

* Christine Cornell (ed. & transl.), ''The Journal of Post Captain Nicolas Baudin,'' Adelaide, Friends of the State Library of South Australia, 1974. * Edward Duyker, François Péron: An Impetuous Life: Naturalist and Voyager, Miegunyah/MUP, Melb., 2006, pp. 349, . *Horner, F. ''The French Reconnaissance: Baudin in Australia'' 1801–1803, Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, 1987 . * Jack Horner, "Extracting the truth about Baudin. -and his expedition to Australia, 1800-1804", ''Canberra Historical Journal,'' no.21, Mar 1988, pp. 42–44. *Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot (1748–1831),'' Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle (1816–1819)'' * Jacqueline Bonnemains, Elliott Forsyth, Bernard Smith, ''Baudin in Australian Waters: The Artwork of the French Voyage of Discovery to the Southern Lands, 1800-1804,'' New York, Oxford U. Pr. with Australian Acad. of Sci., 1988. * Madeleine Ly-Tio-Fane et Jacqueline Bonnemains, '' Le Géographe et Le Naturaliste à L’Ile-de-France 1801, 1803, Ultime Escale du Captaine Baudin: Deuxième Partie, Le Voyage de Découvertes aux Terres australes'', Port Louis auritius MSM Limited, 2003. * Steve Reynolds, ''Nicolas Baudin's Scientific Expedition to the Terres Australes'', ''Marine Life Society of South Australia Journal,'' no.12, December 2001

* Fornasiero, Jean; Monteath, Peter and West-Sooby, John. ''Encountering Terra Australis: the Australian voyages of Nicholas Baudin and Matthew Flinders'', Kent Town, South Australia, Wakefield Press, 2004. {{ISBN, 1-86254-625-8 * Jean Fornasiero and John West-Sooby, "Baudin's Books", ''Australian Journal of French Studies,'' Vol.39, Issue 2, May 2002, pp. 215–249. * Jean Fornasiero, Peter Monteath and John West-Sooby, "Old quarrels and new approaches: Nicolas Baudin and Matthew Flinders", ''South Australian Geographical Journal,'' v.106, 2007, pp. (1)-15. * Jean Fornasiero, 'Deux observateurs del'homme aux Antipodes: Nicolas Baudin et François Péron', in ''Portés par l'air du temps: les voyages du Capitaine Baudin: Etudes sur le 18e siècle,'' vol.38, Bruxelles, Editions de l'Université de Bruxelles, 2010. * John West-Sooby, "Le "Sourire Grinçant" du Capitaine Baudin", ''Australian Journal of French Studies,'' Vol. 41, Issue 2, May 2004, pp. 79–97. * Jane Southwood and Donald Simpson, "Baudin's Doctors: French Medical Scientists in Australian Waters, 1801-1803", ''Australian Journal of French Studies,'' Vol. 41, Issue 2, May 2004, pp. 152–164. * J. P. Faivre, "De Nouveau sur L'expedition Baudin?", ''Revue Francaise d'Histoire d'Outre-Mer,'' Vol. 52, Issue 187, 1965, pp. 286–290. * Robert J. King, "Jorgen Jorgensen and the Baudin Expedition", ''The Great Circle,'' Vol. 23, Issue 2, December 2001, pp. 44–52. * Michel Jangoux, "La Premiere Relache Du 'Naturaliste' au Port Jackson (26 Avril-18 Mai 1802): le Temoignage du Capitaine Hamelin", ''Australian Journal of French Studies,'' Vol. 41, Issue 2, May 2004, pp. 126–151. * Michel Jangoux, "Les Zoologistes et Botanistes qui Accompagnerent le Capitaine Baudin aux Terres Australes", ''Australian Journal of French Studies,'' Vol. 41, Issue 2, May 2004, pp. 55–78. * Jangoux, Michel. ''Portés par l'air du temps: les voyages du Capitaine Baudin: Etudes sur le 18e siècle,'' vol.38, Bruxelles, Editions de l'Université de Bruxelles, 2010. * Michèle BATTESTI, 'Nicolas Baudin, membre de l’état major du vice-amiral Bruix (mai/août 1799)’, in ''Portés par l'air du temps: les voyages du Capitaine Baudin: Etudes sur le 18e siècle,'' vol.38, Bruxelles, Editions de l'Université de Bruxelles, 2010. * Jean Luc CHAPPEY, 'Nicolas Baudin et la Société des Observateurs de l’Homme', in ''Portés par l'air du temps: les voyages du Capitaine Baudin: Etudes sur le 18e siècle,'' vol.38, Bruxelles, Editions de l'Université de Bruxelles, 2010. * Frédéric DURAND, 'Les tristes escales timoraises de Nicolas Baudin', in ''Portés par l'air du temps: les voyages du Capitaine Baudin: Etudes sur le 18e siècle,'' vol.38, Bruxelles, Editions de l'Université de Bruxelles, 2010. * Claude WANQUET, 'L’île de France au début du XIXe siècle 1800, in ''Portés par l'air du temps: les voyages du Capitaine Baudin: Etudes sur le 18e siècle,'' vol.38, Bruxelles, Editions de l'Université de Bruxelles, 2010. * Bernard METIVIER, 'Lamarck et les invertébrés de l'expédition de découvertes aux Terres australes', in ''Portés par l'air du temps: les voyages du Capitaine Baudin: Etudes sur le 18e siècle,'' vol.38, Bruxelles, Editions de l'Université de Bruxelles, 2010. * François MOUREAU, 'Bernardin de St Pierre, Nicolas Baudin et l’île de France : une rencontre improbable', in ''Portés par l'air du temps: les voyages du Capitaine Baudin: Etudes sur le 18e siècle,'' vol.38, Bruxelles, Editions de l'Université de Bruxelles, 2010. * José OLIVER, 'Ténériffe, île-relâche des grands voyages d’exploration', in ''Portés par l'air du temps: les voyages du Capitaine Baudin: Etudes sur le 18e siècle,'' vol.38, Bruxelles, Editions de l'Université de Bruxelles, 2010. * R.Kingston, ''A not so Pacific voyage: the 'floating laboratory' of Nicolas Baudin'', ''Endeavour,'' vol. XXXI, no. 4, December 2007, pp. 145–151
elsevier.com
* Jacques Vialle, "Le Destin Tragique de Pierre-François Bernier, Astronome de L'expedition Baudin", ''Australian Journal of French Studies,'' Vol. 41, Issue 2, May 2004, pp. 165–170. * Christian Jouanin, "Nicolas Baudin Charge de Reunir une Collection pour la future Imperatrice Josephine", ''Australian Journal of French Studies,'' Vol. 41, Issue 2, May 2004, pp. 43–54. * B. S. Baldwin, "Flinders and the French", ''Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of Australasia. South Australian Branch,'' v.65, 1963–1964, pp. 53–67. * B. S. Baldwin, "Publication of Baudin's Journal", ''South Australiana,'' Vol. 13, Issue 1, 1974, pp. 34–42. * William P.Helling, "Redistributing the Blame: Baudin's Voyage to the Australian Seas", ''The Great Circle,'' Vol. 15 Issue 2, December 1993, pp. 107–127. * Margaret Sankey, "The Aborigines of Port Jackson, as seen by the Baudin Expedition", ''Australian Journal of French Studies,'' Vol. 41, Issue 2, May 2004, pp. 117–125. * Margaret Sankey, "The Baudin Expedition in review: old quarrels and new approaches", ''Australian Journal of French Studies,'' Vol. 41, Issue 2, May 2004, pp. 4–14. * Margaret Sankey, "Writing the Voyage of Scientific Exploration: The Logbooks, Journals and Notes of the Baudin Expedition (1800-1804)", ''Intellectual History Review,'' Vol. 20 Issue 3, September 2010, pp. 401–413. * Margaret Sankey, 'La contribution des journaux de bord au travail ethnographique de l’expédition Baudin', in ''Portés par l'air du temps: les voyages du Capitaine Baudin: Etudes sur le 18e siècle,'' vol.38, Bruxelles, Editions de l'Université de Bruxelles, 2010. * Wolf Mayer, "The Geological Work of the Baudin Expedition in Australia (1801-1803): the Mineralogists, the Discoveries and the Legacy", ''Earth Sciences History,'' Vol. 28 Issue 2, 2009, pp. 293–324. * Gregory C. Eccleston, "The neglect of Baudin’s manuscript charts of the Victorian coastline", ''The Globe,'' no.66, 2010, pp. 27–58. * Trevor Lipscombe, "Two continents or one?: the Baudin expedition's unacknowledged achievements on the coast of Victoria", ''Victorian Historical Journal,'' v.78, no.1, May 2007, pp. 23–41. * R. M. Barker, "The botanical legacy of 1802: South Australian plants collected by Robert Brown and Peter Good on Matthew Flinders' Investigator and by the French scientists on Baudin's Geographe and Naturaliste", ''Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens,'' v.21, 31 January 2007, pp. 5–44. * Anthony J. Brown, "Friends of humanity: the scientific origins, objectives and outcomes of the voyages of Nicolas Baudin and Matthew Flinders", ''South Australian Geographical Journal,'' v.98, 1999, pp. 52–60. * Paul Fregosi, "Terre Napoleon: French colonial ambitions in Australia, 1793-1815", ''Quadrant'' (Sydney), v.32, no.6, June 1988, pp. 56–59. * Leslie R.Marchant, "The Baudin expedition 1800-04 and the French scientific exploration of Australia", ''Early Days,'' v.9, no.6, 1988, pp. 65–72. * Leslie R. Marchant, "The Baudin scientific mission of exploration and the French contribution to the maritime discovery of Australia", ''The Globe,'' no.23, 1985, pp. 11–31. * Brian Plomley, "The French in D'Entrecasteaux Channel, 1802", ''Tasmanian Tramp,'' no.24, 1982/ 1983, pp. 17–27. * N. J. B. Plomley, "The French in Van Diemen's Land: organisation and the fruits of discovery", ''Bulletin of the Centre for Tasmanian Historical Studies,'' v.2, no.1, 1988, pp. 4–21. * N. J. B.Plomley, "Pre-settlement exploration of Tasmania and the natural sciences: The Clive Lord Memorial lecture 1983", ''Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania,'' v.118, Aug 1984, pp. 69–78. * Miranda Hughes, "Tall tales or true stories: Baudin, Peron, and the Tasmanians, 1802", ''Nature in its Greatest Extent: Western Science in the Pacific.'' 1988, pp. 65–86. * Miranda J.Hughes, "Philosophical travellers at the ends of the earth: Baudin, Peron and the Tasmanians",'' Australian Science in the Making,'' 1990, pp. 23–44. * John Pearn, "French doctors at Sydney Cove: Gallic contact in the second decade after Phillip", ''Australia's Quest for Colonial Health: Some Influences on Early Health and Medicine in Australia,'' 1983, pp. 45–61. * Phyllis Mander-Jones, "The artists who sailed with Baudin and Flinders", ''Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of Australasia. South Australian Branch,'' v.66, 1964–1965, pp. 17–31. * Rupert Gerritsen and Peter Reynders, "The Freycinet Map of 1811 − is it the First Complete Map of Australia?", ''Journal of Australian Naval History,'' vol.8, no.2, September 2011, pp. 8–29 * Sarah Thomas, ''The Encounter, 1802: Art of the Flinders and Baudin Voyages,'' Adelaide: Art Gallery of South Australia, 2002. * Nicole Starbuck, "Nicolas Baudin: La relâche à Sydney et la deuxième campagne du Géographe", Michel Jangoux (ed.), ''Portés par l'air du Temps: les voyages du capitaine Baudin,'' in ''Etudes sur le 18e siècle,'' Bruxelles, vol.38, 2010, pp. 133–144. * Nicole Starbuck, ''Baudin, Napoleon and the Exploration of Australia,'' London, Pickering & Chatto, 2013. Botany in Western Australia Exploration of Australia History of Australia (1788–1850) Shark Bay 1801 in Australia 1802 in Australia Expeditions from France Maritime exploration of Australia