A bashlyk, also spelled bashlik ( krc, Başlıq,
Adyghe: ''Shkharkhon,''
Abkhaz: ''qtarpá'',
Chechen: ''Ċukkuiy,''
Ossetic
Ossetian (, , ), commonly referred to as Ossetic and rarely as Ossete (), is an Eastern Iranian language that is spoken predominantly in Ossetia, a region situated on both sides of the Greater Caucasus. It is the native language of the Ossetia ...
: ''Kaskæ'' crh, Başlıq,
Tatar: Başlıq,
Turkish: Başlık; "baş" - head, "-lıq" (''Tatar'') / "-lık" (''Turkish'') - derivative suffix)'','' is a traditional
Turkic,
Caucasian
Caucasian may refer to:
Anthropology
*Anything from the Caucasus region
**
**
** ''Caucasian Exarchate'' (1917–1920), an ecclesiastical exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church in the Caucasus region
*
*
*
Languages
* Northwest Caucasian l ...
,
Iranian
Iranian may refer to:
* Iran, a sovereign state
* Iranian peoples, the speakers of the Iranian languages. The term Iranic peoples is also used for this term to distinguish the pan ethnic term from Iranian, used for the people of Iran
* Iranian lan ...
, and
Cossack cone-shaped headdress
Headgear, headwear, or headdress is the name given to any element of clothing which is worn on one's head, including hats, helmets, turbans and many other types. Headgear is worn for many purposes, including protection against the elements, d ...
hood
Hood may refer to:
Covering
Apparel
* Hood (headgear), type of head covering
** Article of academic dress
** Bondage hood, sex toy
* Hoodie, hooded sweatshirt
Anatomy
* Clitoral hood, a hood of skin surrounding the clitoris
* Hood, a flap of ...
, usually of leather, felt or wool, an ancient round topped felt
bonnet
A Bonnet is a variety of headgear, hat or cap
Specific types of headgear referred to as "bonnets" may include
Scottish
* Blue bonnet, a distinctive woollen cap worn by men in Scotland from the 15th-18th centuries And its derivations:
** Fea ...
with lappets for wrapping around the neck. Local versions determine the trim, which may consist of decorative cords, embroidery, jewelry, metallized strings, fur balls or tassels. Among dozens of versions are winter bashlyks worn atop regular headdress, cotton bashlyks, homeknitted bashlyks, silk bashlyks, scarf bashlyks, down bashlyks, dress bashlyks, jumpsuit-type bashlyks, etc. Bashlyks are used as traditional folk garment, and as uniform headdress.
A variation of bashlyks is a
Kalpak
Calpack, kalpak, or qalpaq ( kaa, калпак, tr, kalpak ; kk, қалпақ, ky, калпак, both ; bg, калпак; el, καλπάκι ('); pl, kołpak; uk, ковпак, ') is a high-crowned cap (usually made of felt or sheepski ...
(Qalpaq), a cone-shaped headdress without lappets, mostly made of leather, felt or wool, as depicted in the Repin's painting below. "Kalpak" is also a component of the ethnic name "
Kara-Kalpak" (literally "a black kalpak" in
Turkic), known from the history of the medieval
Eastern Europe
Eastern Europe is a subregion of the European continent. As a largely ambiguous term, it has a wide range of geopolitical, geographical, ethnic, cultural, and socio-economic connotations. The vast majority of the region is covered by Russia, whic ...
, and from the modern
Karakalpak autonomous republic in the western
Syr Darya -
Amu Darya
The Amu Darya, tk, Amyderýa/ uz, Amudaryo// tg, Амударё, Amudaryo ps, , tr, Ceyhun / Amu Derya grc, Ὦξος, Ôxos (also called the Amu, Amo River and historically known by its Latin name or Greek ) is a major river in Central Asi ...
interfluve in
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan (, ; uz, Ozbekiston, italic=yes / , ; russian: Узбекистан), officially the Republic of Uzbekistan ( uz, Ozbekiston Respublikasi, italic=yes / ; russian: Республика Узбекистан), is a doubly landlocked co ...
, north of the ancient
Balkh.
In modern times, bashlyks became fashionable in Russia in 1830-1840, after the
Napoleonic War
The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of major global conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European states formed into various coalitions. It produced a period of Fren ...
with significant participation of the
Bashkir cavalry. By the 1862 bashlyks were made a uniform headdress in
Cossack armies, and later in other branches of Russian armed forces. The military bashlyk was bright yellow camel wool, with a yellow band. Officer bashlyks had gold or silver band. In
Russian army
The Russian Ground Forces (russian: Сухопутные войска �ВSukhoputnyye voyska V}), also known as the Russian Army (, ), are the land forces of the Russian Armed Forces.
The primary responsibilities of the Russian Ground Force ...
bashlyks lasted till 1917, when they became a trademark of
White Army
The White Army (russian: Белая армия, Belaya armiya) or White Guard (russian: Бѣлая гвардія/Белая гвардия, Belaya gvardiya, label=none), also referred to as the Whites or White Guardsmen (russian: Бѣлогв� ...
uniform,
[{{Cite web , url=http://gorod.crimea.edu/librari/rusmundirend/str_47.htm , title=Русский Военный Мундир Xviii-Xix Веков , access-date=2007-02-11 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070312025801/http://gorod.crimea.edu/librari/rusmundirend/str_47.htm , archive-date=2007-03-12 , url-status=dead ] and some White Army troops have the lappets tucked into the belt on the front instead of wrapping around the neck.
Gallery
File:Ilja Jefimowitsch Repin - Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks - Yorck.jpg, 4 18th century Cossack bashlyks, 2 with fur trim, 1 officer's, 1 with fur coat. "Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks
''Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks'' is a painting by Ilya Repin. It is also known as ''Cossacks of Saporog Are Drafting a Manifesto'' and in Russian, (russian: Запорожцы пишут письмо турецкому султану, Zap ...
".
See also
*
Budenovka
*
Kalpak
Calpack, kalpak, or qalpaq ( kaa, калпак, tr, kalpak ; kk, қалпақ, ky, калпак, both ; bg, калпак; el, καλπάκι ('); pl, kołpak; uk, ковпак, ') is a high-crowned cap (usually made of felt or sheepski ...
*
Kausia
The kausia ( grc, καυσία) was an ancient Macedonian flat hat. Background
It was worn during the Hellenistic period but perhaps even before the time of Alexander the Great and was later used as a protection against the sun by the poorer cl ...
*
Phrygian cap
References
Military equipment of Russia
Military uniforms
Military history of Russia
Russian clothing
Turkish words and phrases
Hoods (headgear)
Ottoman clothing
Iranian clothing
Achaemenid Empire
Pointed hats