Bar-sur-Aube (, literally ''Bar on

Aube Aube () is a French department in the Grand Est region of north-eastern France. As with sixty departments in France, this department is named after a river: the Aube. With 310,242 inhabitants (2019),department Department may refer to: * Departmentalization, division of a larger organization into parts with specific responsibility Government and military * Department (administrative division), a geographical and administrative division within a country, ...

in the

Grand Est Grand Est (; gsw-FR, Grossa Oschta; Moselle Franconian/ lb, Grouss Osten; Rhine Franconian: ''Groß Oschte''; german: Großer Osten ; en, "Great East") is an administrative region in Northeastern France. It superseded three former administra ...

region of

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

. Surrounded by hills and

Champagne Champagne (, ) is a sparkling wine originated and produced in the Champagne wine region of France under the rules of the appellation, that demand specific vineyard practices, sourcing of grapes exclusively from designated places within it, sp ...

vineyards, the city is traversed by the river Aube, from which it derives its name. The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Baralbins'' or ''Baralbines'' and ''Barsuraubois'' or ''Barsurauboises''. The commune has been awarded three flowers by the ''National Council of Towns and Villages in Bloom'' in the ''Competition of cities and villages in Bloom''.

Geography

Bar-sur-Aube is located some 30 km west by north-west of Chaumont and 25 km south-east of

Brienne-le-Château Brienne-le-Château () is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France. It is located from the right bank of the river Aube and 26 miles northeast of Troyes. History It was the centre of the medieval County of Brienne, whose lord ...

. Access to the commune is by the D619 road from

Ailleville Ailleville () is a commune in the Aube department in the Grand Est region of northern-central France. The inhabitants are known as ''Aillevillois'' or ''Aillevilloises''. Geography Ailleville is located in the valley of the Aube river some 2&n ...

in the north-west which passes through the centre of the commune and the town before continuing east to Lignol-le-Château. The D396 branches off the D619 south-east of the town and goes south to Juvancourt. The D4 goes south-west from the town to Couvignon. The D13 comes from Fontaine in the south and passes through the town before continuing north-east to Colombé-la-Fosse. The D384 goes north to Ville-sur-Terre while the D73 branches off it in the town and goes to

Arrentières Arrentières () is a commune in the Aube department in the Grand Est region of north-central France. Geography Arrentières is located in the ''Côte des Bar'' between the communes of Montier-en-l'Isle and Engente. In a direct line the commune ...

. in the north. The TER Grand Est

Troyes Troyes () is a commune and the capital of the department of Aube in the Grand Est region of north-central France. It is located on the Seine river about south-east of Paris. Troyes is situated within the Champagne wine region and is near t ...

to Chalindrey railway passes through the commune coming from Vendeuvre-sur-Barse to the west to Bricon in the south-east with a station in the town. With a substantial urban area in the west and some forest in the south the commune is mostly farmland. Rivière Aube sortie Bar sur Aube

The Aube river flows through the commune and the town from south-east to north-west continuing to eventually join the

Seine ) , mouth_location = Le Havre/ Honfleur , mouth_coordinates = , mouth_elevation = , progression = , river_system = Seine basin , basin_size = , tributaries_left = Yonne, Loing, Eure, Risle , tributar ...

at Marcilly-sur-Seine. The ''Bresse'' also flows through the commune coming from the north-east and forming a small part of the northern border before joining the Aube at the north-western tip of the commune.

Toponymy

The area was attested in the form ''castro barro'' in the 7th century and ''Barri villa'' in 932. ''Bar'' comes from a Gallic word meaning "summit" and is perhaps even older (pre-Gallic). Bar-sur-Aube appears as ''Bar sur Aube'' on the 1750 Cassini Map and the same on the 1790 version.

History

Ancient times

The existence of Bar-sur-Aube goes back to ancient times. There are remains of an

oppidum An ''oppidum'' (plural ''oppida'') is a large fortified Iron Age settlement or town. ''Oppida'' are primarily associated with the Celtic late La Tène culture, emerging during the 2nd and 1st centuries BC, spread across Europe, stretc ...

from the

Iron Age The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three-age division of the prehistory and protohistory of humanity. It was preceded by the Stone Age ( Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic) and the Bronze Age ( Chalcolithic). The concept has been mostl ...

. A coin with the image of a horse in the name of Togirix (Chief of the

Lingones The Lingones (Gaulish: 'the jumpers') were a Gallic tribe of the Iron Age and Roman periods. They dwelled in the region surrounding the present-day city of Langres, between the provinces of Gallia Lugdunensis and Gallia Belgica. Name Atte ...

) was discovered on the Sainte Germaine hill. In

Roman times In modern historiography, ancient Rome refers to Roman civilisation from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. It encompasses the Roman Kingdom (753–5 ...

the town appeared on the

Tabula Peutingeriana ' ( Latin for "The Peutinger Map"), also referred to as Peutinger's Tabula or Peutinger Table, is an illustrated ' (ancient Roman road map) showing the layout of the '' cursus publicus'', the road network of the Roman Empire. The map is a 13th- ...

under the name of ''Segessera''. Some remains from the 1st to the 4th century including villas have been discovered in the town and surrounding areas. Segessera seemed to have existed from the Roman period to the first

Lyonnais The Lyonnais () is a historical province of France which owes its name to the city of Lyon. The geographical area known as the ''Lyonnais'' became part of the Kingdom of Burgundy after the division of the Carolingian Empire. The disintegratio ...

in the territory of the Lingones. The city was devastated by

Attila Attila (, ; ), frequently called Attila the Hun, was the ruler of the Huns from 434 until his death in March 453. He was also the leader of a tribal empire consisting of Huns, Ostrogoths, Alans, and Bulgars, among others, in Central and ...

. After the division of the kingdom of Clovis by his son the town became part of

Austrasia Austrasia was a territory which formed the north-eastern section of the Merovingian Kingdom of the Franks during the 6th to 8th centuries. It was centred on the Meuse, Middle Rhine and the Moselle rivers, and was the original territory of the F ...

Middle Ages

Under

Charles the Bald Charles the Bald (french: Charles le Chauve; 13 June 823 – 6 October 877), also known as Charles II, was a 9th-century king of West Francia (843–877), king of Italy (875–877) and emperor of the Carolingian Empire (875–877). After a ser ...

several varieties of coins were issued with the name of the city on the reverse. During the period of the Counts of Champagne the town was of great importance with the

Champagne fairs The Champagne fairs were an annual cycle of trade fairs which flourished in different towns of the County of Champagne in Northeastern France in the 12th and 13th centuries, originating in local agricultural and stock fairs. Each fair lasted about ...

where merchants from

Flanders Flanders (, ; Dutch: ''Vlaanderen'' ) is the Flemish-speaking northern portion of Belgium and one of the communities, regions and language areas of Belgium. However, there are several overlapping definitions, including ones related to cultur ...

and

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...

traded Oriental spices and silk for textiles and raw materials from the north of

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia ...

in mid-February and mid-April. The town was then joined to the crown of France. In 1318 Philip V the Tall sold the town to Jacques de Croÿ, residents bought it themselves to ensure that the king could no longer sell or alienate the lands.

Modern and contemporary eras

When

Charles V Charles V may refer to: * Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (1500–1558) * Charles V of Naples (1661–1700), better known as Charles II of Spain * Charles V of France (1338–1380), called the Wise * Charles V, Duke of Lorraine (1643–1690) * Inf ...

besieged

Saint-Dizier Saint-Dizier () is a subprefecture Of the Haute-Marne department in north-eastern France. It has a population of 23,382 (2018 figure) and is a subprefecture of the department. Although Saint-Dizier is marginally the most populous commune in Haut ...

the inhabitants of nearby villages came under his protection. The town suffered a long

plague Plague or The Plague may refer to: Agriculture, fauna, and medicine *Plague (disease), a disease caused by ''Yersinia pestis'' * An epidemic of infectious disease (medical or agricultural) * A pandemic caused by such a disease * A swarm of pe ...

in 1636 which led to the end of the fair. In 1862 the fortifications were demolished and the ''boulevard du tour'' put in their place. The

French Revolution The French Revolution ( ) was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in November 1799. Many of its ideas are consider ...

was well received in the commune and the

convent A convent is a community of monks, nuns, religious brothers or, sisters or priests. Alternatively, ''convent'' means the building used by the community. The word is particularly used in the Catholic Church, Lutheran churches, and the Anglic ...

s disappeared. It became the chief town of the district from 1790 to 1800. The city and surrounding area was the scene of the Battle of Bar-sur-Aube towards the end of the Napoleonic era on 27 February 1814. In 1911 the Champagne riots of the Aube winegrowers and the Marnais traders to keep the vineyards in the

Appellation d'origine contrôlée An appellation is a legally defined and protected geographical indication primarily used to identify where the grapes for a wine were grown, although other types of food often have appellations as well. Restrictions other than geographical bo ...

of "Champagne".

Heraldry

Administration

List of Successive

Mayors In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities of a mayor as well a ...

Twinning

Bar-sur-Aube has twinning associations with: * Gernsheim (Germany) since 1976.

Demography

In 2017 the commune had 4,902 inhabitants.

Education

The commune has several schools and colleges: *One public Kindergarten: ''Gambetta'' *3 Elementary schools: **Saint Teresa **Arthur Bureau Public school **Maurice Vechin public school *One college: the ''College Gaston Bachelard'' The college consists of 19 classes spread over 4 floors offering students with options for

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through ...

in the 5th year,

Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...

in the 3rd year and has the distinction of being the only college in France to have a cinema-audiovisual option. A soccer section is available for middle school and high school students. *One comprehensive school: ''Lycée Polyvalent Gaston Bachelard'' This general and technological school consists of 14 classes spread over 3 levels and offers its students the following courses: S (Scientific), L (literary), ES (economic and social) and STMG (Science and Technology manageant and management). It also offers a cinema-audiovisual option from the 2nd year. Foreign languages ??taught are German, English and Spanish. Classes are held in groups of skills not whole classes. Each year school trips are organized to Germany, Scotland, and Spain. In 2013 an exchange with students from Ashburn (United States) began. The French students went in February and US students came in 2014. The vocational high school consists of 6 classes spread over 3 floors and offers its students courses in trade and electrical engineering.

Sports

There are numerous sports clubs in Bar-sur-Aube:

Economy

The commune has a branch of the ''Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Troyes and Aube''.

Industry

*The

hemp Hemp, or industrial hemp, is a botanical class of '' Cannabis sativa'' cultivars grown specifically for industrial or medicinal use. It can be used to make a wide range of products. Along with bamboo, hemp is among the fastest growing plants ...

industry is highly developed in Bar-sur-Aube and has been growing steadily for several years. *Furniture Manufacturing: Dumeste (Cauval Industries Group) *Metal processing (forging, machining) for aerospace, armaments, agricultural machinery, medicine (prosthetics), etc. Manoir Aerospace.

Agriculture

Bar-sur-Aube, is the largest French producer of straw hemp (125 tons per day) and many hemp products are manufactured in the commune. Around the town there are many

vineyard A vineyard (; also ) is a plantation of grape-bearing vines, grown mainly for winemaking, but also raisins, table grapes and non-alcoholic grape juice. The science, practice and study of vineyard production is known as viticulture. Vineyar ...

s specializing in

champagne Champagne (, ) is a sparkling wine originated and produced in the Champagne wine region of France under the rules of the appellation, that demand specific vineyard practices, sourcing of grapes exclusively from designated places within it, sp ...

Culture and heritage

Guided tours of the town are organised on request by the Office of Tourism. The commune contains over 200 objects that are registered as historical objects - mainly in the Church of Saint Peter but many others in different locations.

Civil heritage

*The Covered Market *The former Hotel de Surmont (now the Post Office) *The Marcasselles Mill The commune has many buildings and sites that are registered as historical monuments: *A House at 33 Rue d'Aube (16th century) *A House at 44 Rue d'Aube (16th century) *The Petit Clairvaux Storehouse at 24 Rue Beugnot (12th century) *An Ursuline Convent at Place Carnot (17th century) (now the Town Hall) *The Doré and son woollen mill at 1bis Rue Chenot (20th century) *The René Thiéblemont Carpentry factory at Route de Fontaine (20th century) *The Thuillier Stamping Plant at Avenue du Général Leclerc (20th century) *The Perfor metalwork factory at 32 avenue du Général Leclerc (20th century) *The Chevallier Foundry at 30 avenue du Général Leclerc (20th century) *The Henry Comte Sawmill at rue du Général de Gaulle (20th century) *A Building at 79 Rue Nationale (16th century) *A Flourmill at 25 boulevard de la République (18th century) *A Small Flourmill at 21 boulevard de la République (18th century) *A Building at 1 petite rue Saint-Pierre (15th century) *A Hotel at 15, 17 rue Saint-Pierre; 4 rue Delaunay (15th century) (now a Museum and Library) *A Building at 4 rue Saint-Pierre (18th century) *The Joseph de Bucy Diesel motor works at rue du Sommerard (20th century) *The Breton-Cordier Tannery at 2 rue des Tanneries (19th century) *The Three Towers House at 9 rue des Trois-Tours (16th century) *The Sub-Prefecture (18th century) *An

Oppidum An ''oppidum'' (plural ''oppida'') is a large fortified Iron Age settlement or town. ''Oppida'' are primarily associated with the Celtic late La Tène culture, emerging during the 2nd and 1st centuries BC, spread across Europe, stretc ...

(

)

Religious heritage

Bar-sur-Aube - Chapelle templière Saint-Jean

*The Chapel of Saint John from the

Knights Templar The Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon ( la, Pauperes commilitones Christi Templique Salomonici), also known as the Order of Solomon's Temple, the Knights Templar, or simply the Templars, was a Catholic military order, o ...

then the

Knights Hospitaller The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem ( la, Ordo Fratrum Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani), commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller (), was a medieval and early modern Catholic military order. It was headq ...

. *The Chapel of Sainte-Germaine The commune has three religious buildings that are registered as historical monuments: *A Priory (16th century) *The Church of Saint Peter (16th century) *The Church of Saint Maclou (12th century)

Festivals

*Cheese festival in June *Eurythmies Festival, late June. *Festival "JazzàBar" early September *A ''Market'' every Saturday morning under the covered market, in the Town Hall Square, and in the Rue Nationale *Local Palm Festival *Medieval Fair, the first weekend in September *Gourmet Champagne Promenade in May

Notable people linked to the commune

* Sainte Germaine, martyr in 451, decapitated on the order of

* Jean-François Armand:''Armand (Jean-Francois)''
in Robert and Cougny, ''Dictionary of French parliamentarians'', 1889 (born 24 June 1789 - Bar-sur-Aube, died 27 March 1883 - Gravières),

École polytechnique École may refer to: * an elementary school in the French educational stages normally followed by secondary education establishments (collège and lycée) * École (river), a tributary of the Seine flowing in région Île-de-France * École, Sav ...

, ''Corps des Ponts'', MP for Aube (1837-1848); * Bertrand de Bar-sur-Aube,

troubador A troubadour (, ; oc, trobador ) was a composer and performer of Old Occitan lyric poetry during the High Middle Ages (1100–1350). Since the word ''troubadour'' is etymologically masculine, a female troubadour is usually called a ''trobairit ...

of the 13th century. * Étienne d’Acier, poet, disciple of

Pierre de Ronsard Pierre de Ronsard (; 11 September 1524 – 27 December 1585) was a French poet or, as his own generation in France called him, a " prince of poets". Early life Pierre de Ronsard was born at the Manoir de la Possonnière, in the village of ...

, 16th century. *

Gaston Bachelard Gaston Bachelard (; ; 27 June 1884 – 16 October 1962) was a French philosopher. He made contributions in the fields of poetics and the philosophy of science. To the latter, he introduced the concepts of ''epistemological obstacle'' and '' e ...

, philosopher (1884-1962). * Armand Beauvais, rural painter (1840-1911). * Jacques Claude Beugnot, Count of Beugnot (1761-1835). * Maurice Emmanuel, musicologist and French composer born in Bar-sur-Aube in 1862 and died in Paris in 1938. * Albert Gabriel, architect, specialist on Anatolia, professor in the College of France and the University of

Istanbul ) , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = 34000 to 34990 , area_code = +90 212 (European side) +90 216 (Asian side) , registration_plate = 34 , blank_name_sec2 = GeoTLD , blank_ ...

(1883-1972). * Jeanne de Valois-Saint-Rémy, Countess of the Motte, instigator of the

Affair of the Diamond Necklace The Affair of the Diamond Necklace (, "Affair of the Queen's Necklace") was an incident from 1784 to 1785 at the court of King Louis XVI of France that involved his wife, Queen Marie Antoinette. The Queen's reputation, already tarnished by gossi ...

. * Marc Rétaux de Villette, forger, implicated in the Affair of the Diamond Necklace *

Marinette Pichon Marinette Pichon (born 26 November 1975) is a French former football player. Biography Pichon had a dysfunctional childhood with an alcoholic father. Career She started her career at Saint-Memmie Olympique, then signed on to the Women's ...

, born on 26 November 1975 in Bar-sur-Aube, former French footballer who played for FCF Juvisy and in the

France women's national football team The France women's national football team (french: Équipe de France féminine de football, sometimes shortened as Féminin A) represents France in international women's football. The team is directed by the French Football Federation (FFF). Fr ...

(to 2006, 112 caps and 82 goals). * Gaston Cheq, saviour of the Aube vineyards, born on 14 January 1866 in Bar-sur-Aube. * Alexandre Du Sommerard, archaeologist born in Bar-sur-Aube in 1779, died at

Saint-Cloud Saint-Cloud () is a commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France, from the centre of Paris. Like other communes of Hauts-de-Seine such as Marnes-la-Coquette, Neuilly-sur-Seine and Vaucresson, Saint-Cloud is one of France's wealthiest town ...

on 19 August 1842, founder of the

Musée de Cluny The Musée de Cluny ("Cluny Museum", ), also known as Musée national du Moyen Âge – Thermes et hôtel de Cluny ("National Museum of the Middle Ages – Cluny thermal baths and mansion"), is a museum of the Middle Ages in Paris, Fr ...

(Paris). * Charlemagne de Maupas, prefect of police in

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

, one of the architects of the

French coup d'état of 1851 French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with France ...

. * Jules Franceschi, French Sculptor of nature (born in Bar-sur-Aube on 11 January 1825, died in Paris on 1 September 1893)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Barsuraube Communes of Aube Subprefectures in France Champagne (province)