Banesh ( fa, بانش, also

Romanize Romanization or romanisation, in linguistics, is the conversion of text from a different writing system to the Roman (Latin) script, or a system for doing so. Methods of romanization include transliteration, for representing written text, a ...

d as Bānesh; also known as Bānish) is a village in

Beyza District Beyza County ( fa, شهرستان بیضا) is located in Fars province, Iran. The capital of the county is Beyza Beyza ( fa, , also Romanized as Beyzā, Bayḍā, Beyẕā, and Bayzâ; also known as Tall-e Beyẕā, Tal-e Baiza, Tol-e Bey ...

, Sepidan County, Fars Province,

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

. At the 2006 census, its population was 2,904, in 688 families. The Banesh is located 60 km north of Shiraz.

Archaeology

This area was occupied from the sixth millennium BC. During the

Proto-Elamite The Proto-Elamite period, also known as Susa III, is a chronological era in the ancient history of the area of Elam, dating from . In archaeological terms this corresponds to the late Banesh period. Proto-Elamite sites are recognized as the old ...

period (late fourth millennium BC), the nearby

Anshan Anshan () is an inland prefecture-level city in central-southeast Liaoning province, People's Republic of China, about south of the provincial capital Shenyang. As of the 2020 census, it was Liaoning's third most populous city with a population ...

became one of the main cities of the Elamite region, thanks to its location on important trade routes.

Banesh period

Banesh is the

typesite In archaeology, a type site is the site used to define a particular archaeological culture or other typological unit, which is often named after it. For example, discoveries at La Tène and Hallstatt led scholars to divide the European Iron Ag ...

for one of the earliest cultural phases in Iran, known as the ''Banesh period''. It is dated in 3400-2800 BC. In the Early Banesh phase, around 3300 BC, Proto-Elamite culture emerged in the Kur River (or

Kor River Kor River (also Kur River; fa, رود کر) is located in the Fars Province of Iran. The sources of the river are mostly in the Zagros Mountains near Mount Dena. It flows into the Bakhtegan Lake, which is a salt lake. The increased salinity leve ...

) basin. During the

Susa Susa ( ; Middle elx, 𒀸𒋗𒊺𒂗, translit=Šušen; Middle and Neo- elx, 𒋢𒋢𒌦, translit=Šušun; Neo- Elamite and Achaemenid elx, 𒀸𒋗𒐼𒀭, translit=Šušán; Achaemenid elx, 𒀸𒋗𒐼, translit=Šušá; fa, شوش ...

III period (c. 3200 BC), when Susa was reestablished, its pottery was predominantly Banesh style, also featuring characteristic Proto-Elamite administrative devices. Banesh is part of the

Marv Dasht Marvdasht ( fa, مرودشت, also romanized as Marv Dasht) is a city and the capital of Marvdasht County, Fars Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 123,858, in 29,134 families. Name Some historians hold that Marvdasht was ...

area, which is a complex of several interconnected valleys and plains. During the mid-late Banesh Period (3100-2800 BC) Anshan was a huge city. It also featured a number of subsidiary villages and campsites.

"Comprehensive studies of Banesh plant (Miller 1990) and animal (Zeder 1988, 1991) remains show that Banesh people focused on intensive cultivation of wheat and herding of sheep. Some craft activity, particularly ceramic and some stone vessel manufacture, was concentrated in specialized villages, at least earlier in the period (Alden 1982). In the main center, however, other craft activity, specifically copper processing, is attested only as small production areas in domestic contexts (Nicholas 1990)."Henry Wright
The Earliest Bronze Age in Southwest Asia (3100-2700 BC)

References

{{Sepidan County Elam Archaeological sites in Iran Populated places in Beyza County

Archaeology

Banesh period

See also

References