Bürentogtokh (, ''lit. "to set completely"'') is a sum (district) of Khövsgöl aimag (province of

Mongolia Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south and southeast. It covers an area of , with a population of 3.5 million, making it the world's List of countries and dependencies by po ...

). The area is about 3,760 km², of which 2,870 km² are pasture. In 2005, the sum had 4251 inhabitants, mainly

Khalkha The Khalkha (; ) have been the largest subgroup of the Mongols in modern Mongolia since the 15th century. The Khalkha, together with Chahars, Ordos Mongols, Ordos and Tumed, were directly ruled by Borjigin khans until the 20th century. In cont ...

and

Khotgoid Khotogoid or ( ) is a subgroup of the Mongols living in northwestern Mongolia. The Khotogoid people live roughly between Uvs Lake to the west and the Delgermörön river to the east. The Khotogoids belong to northwestern Khalkha and were one of ...

. The center, officially named ''Bayan'' () is situated on the banks of the Delgermörön river, 51 km west of

Mörön Mörön (; ) is the administrative center of Khövsgöl, Mongolia. Before 1933, Khatgal had been the aimag capital. It has 12,286 families and a population of 46,918, and is considered a major city such as Ulaanbaatar, Darhan, Erdenet and ...

and 722 kilometers from

Ulaanbaatar Ulaanbaatar is the Capital (political), capital and List of cities in Mongolia, most populous city of Mongolia. It has a population of 1.6 million, and it is the coldest capital city in the world by average yearly temperature. The municipa ...

History

Marshal Chingünjav, one of the two major leaders of a failed rebellion against the

Manchu The Manchus (; ) are a Tungusic peoples, Tungusic East Asian people, East Asian ethnic group native to Manchuria in Northeast Asia. They are an officially recognized Ethnic minorities in China, ethnic minority in China and the people from wh ...

in 1755/6, was born at Sangiin Dalai nuur. The remains of his fort can still be seen a few km south of the sum center. In 1877, Sodnomyn Damdinbazar was inaugurated as Jalkhanz Khutagt at Jalkhanzyn Khüree, located on the territory of what is now Bürentogtokh sum. He served as

Prime Minister A prime minister or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. A prime minister is not the head of state, but r ...

twice, 1921 in Baron Ungern's puppet government, and 1922/23 under the MPRP. The Bürentogtokh sum was founded, together with the whole Khövsgöl aimag, in 1931. In 1933, it had about 2,600 inhabitants in 752 households, and about 90,000 heads of livestock. In 1973, the Büren and Bürenkhaan sums were dissolved and partially joined to Bürentogtokh sum. Between 1952 and 1990, Bürentogtokh was the seat of the Delgermörön

negdel Negdel (, "union, association") is the common term for the agricultural cooperatives in the Mongolian People's Republic. The full name is Khödöö aj akhuin negdel ( = ''Agricultural association''). History Early attempts The first attempts ...

Administrative divisions

The district is divided into six

bags A bag, also known regionally as a sack, is a common tool in the form of a floppy container, typically made of cloth, leather, bamboo, paper, or plastic. The use of bags predates recorded history, with the earliest bags being lengths of animal s ...

, which are: * Bayankhoshuu * Burenkhaan * Erchim * Ikh-Uul * Sangiin Dalai * Tuyaa

Economy

In 2004, there were roughly 145,000 heads of livestock, among them 66,000

sheep Sheep (: sheep) or domestic sheep (''Ovis aries'') are a domesticated, ruminant mammal typically kept as livestock. Although the term ''sheep'' can apply to other species in the genus '' Ovis'', in everyday usage it almost always refers to d ...

, 63,000

goat The goat or domestic goat (''Capra hircus'') is a species of Caprinae, goat-antelope that is mostly kept as livestock. It was domesticated from the wild goat (''C. aegagrus'') of Southwest Asia and Eastern Europe. The goat is a member of the ...

s, 8,500

cattle Cattle (''Bos taurus'') are large, domesticated, bovid ungulates widely kept as livestock. They are prominent modern members of the subfamily Bovinae and the most widespread species of the genus '' Bos''. Mature female cattle are calle ...

and

yak The yak (''Bos grunniens''), also known as the Tartary ox, grunting ox, hairy cattle, or domestic yak, is a species of long-haired domesticated cattle found throughout the Himalayan region, the Tibetan Plateau, Tajikistan, the Pamir Mountains ...

s, 7,800

horse The horse (''Equus ferus caballus'') is a domesticated, one-toed, hoofed mammal. It belongs to the taxonomic family Equidae and is one of two extant subspecies of ''Equus ferus''. The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 mi ...

s, and 190

camels A camel (from and () from Ancient Semitic: ''gāmāl'') is an even-toed ungulate in the genus ''Camelus'' that bears distinctive fatty deposits known as "humps" on its back. Camels have long been domesticated and, as livestock, they provide ...

. There is some

coal Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other Chemical element, elements, chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. Coal i ...

mining in the area, as well as some (unused)

phosphorite Phosphorite, phosphate rock or rock phosphate is a non-detrital sedimentary rock that contains high amounts of phosphate minerals. The phosphate content of phosphorite (or grade of phosphate rock) varies greatly, from 4% to 20% phosphorus pentoxi ...

reserves. Around 2005, the sum center has been connected to the Mongolian Central Power grid via

Archaeology

The Uushigiin Uvur

deer stones Deer stones (), sometimes called the Deer stone-khirigsuur complex (DSKC), in reference to neighbouring khirigsuur tombs, are ancient megaliths carved with symbols found mainly in Mongolia and, to a lesser extent, in the adjacent areas in Siber ...

are located about 20 km west of

and date to 1200-700 BCE. In 1953, the remains of a palace and a stele from the time of Mönkh Khaan were discovered on the border with Arbulag. The sum borders Sangiin Dalai Lake.

References

* M.Nyamaa, ''Khövsgöl aimgiin lavlakh toli'', Ulaanbaatar 2001, p. 38f {{DEFAULTSORT:Burentogtokh, Khovsgol