Buyan Suldus (died 1362) was chief of one segment of the
Suldus
The Tayichiud (Mongolian Cyrillic: Тайчууд, Taichuud) was one of the three core tribes of the Khamag Mongol confederation on the Mongolian Plateau during the 12th century, founded by Ambaghai Khan in 1148 CE, and finally ended with Sultan ...
clan of
Taichuud
The Tayichiud (Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet, Mongolian Cyrillic: Тайчууд, Taichuud) was one of the three core tribes of the Khamag Mongol confederation on the Mongolian Plateau during the 12th century, founded by Ambaghai Khan in 1148 CE, and ...
tribe during the 1350s and 1360s, and was chief amir of the
Chagatai ''ulus'' for a short time after 1358.
Although did not control the entire Suldus tribe, Buyan was its most powerful chief. He was the leader of the Suldus in Shadman and Chaghaniyan.
When the
Qara'unas
The Qara'unas or Negüderi were a Mongol people who settled in Afghanistan after moving from Turkestan and Mongolia.
Foundation
The word Qarauna derived from the Mongolian word ''Qara'' meaning black in Mongolian. At first they were subjects ...
Amir Qazaghan Qazaghan (died 1358) was the amir of the Qara'unas (1345 at the latest – 1358) and the effective ruler of the Chagatai ''ulus'' (1346–1358).
The following opinions were expressed about the ethnic origin of the Qazaghan: 1) Vasily Bartold wrote ...
killed
Qazan Khan and took effective control of the Chagatai Khanate in 1346, his base of power was in the southern portion of the ''ulus''; he mostly left the northern tribes alone. Despite the fact that the Suldus were considered a northern tribe, Buyan did cooperate with Qazaghan on occasion. During Qazaghan's
punitive expedition
A punitive expedition is a military journey undertaken to punish a political entity or any group of people outside the borders of the punishing state or union. It is usually undertaken in response to perceived disobedient or morally wrong behavio ...
against the
Kartids
The Kart dynasty, also known as the Kartids ( fa, آل کرت), was a Sunni Muslim dynasty of Tajik origin closely related to the Ghurids, that ruled over a large part of Khorasan during the 13th and 14th centuries. Ruling from their capita ...
in 1351, for example, he was the only leader of a northern tribe to participate. His attitude changed, however, when Qazaghan was killed in 1358 and was succeeded by his son,
‘Abdullah. ‘Abdullah wanted greater control over the northern tribes and, for this reason, moved his capital to
Samarkand
fa, سمرقند
, native_name_lang =
, settlement_type = City
, image_skyline =
, image_caption = Clockwise from the top:Registan square, Shah-i-Zinda necropolis, Bibi-Khanym Mosque, view inside Shah-i-Zinda, ...
. Buyan resented having a strong Qara'unas presence near his territories and revolted. Together with
Hajji Beg
Hajji Beg Barlas, Hajji Beg or, Hajji Barlas (Persian: حاجی بیگ بارلاس, b. Early 14th Centuryd. 1361) was a leader of the Barlas tribe. he was the immediate predecessor in this role to his nephew Timur, who later founded the Timurid ...
, the leader of the
Barlas
The Barlas ( mn, Barulās, script=Latn;Grupper, S. M. ‘A Barulas Family Narrative in the Yuan Shih: Some Neglected Prosopographical and Institutional Sources on Timurid Origins.’ Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi 8 (1992–94): 11–97 Chagatay/ ...
tribe, they overthrew ‘Abdullah and killed his puppet khan. Buyan then became amir of the ''ulus''.
In contrast to ‘Abdullah, Buyan made almost no attempt to assert any power over the other tribes of the ''ulus''. He preferred spending his time drinking, and as a result the ''ulus'' fell into a state of disorder. Taking advantage of this, the Chagatai Khan of
Moghulistan
Moghulistan (from fa, , ''Moghulestân'', mn, Моголистан), also called the Moghul Khanate or the Eastern Chagatai Khanate (), was a Mongol breakaway khanate of the Chagatai Khanate and a historical geographic area north of the Teng ...
,
Tughluq Temur
Tughlugh Timur Khan (also Tughluq Tömür or Tughluk Timur) (1312/13–1363) was the Khan of Moghulistan from c. 1347 and Khan of the whole Chagatai Khanate from c. 1360 until his death. Esen Buqa (a direct descendant of Chagatai Khan) is believe ...
, invaded
Transoxiana
Transoxiana or Transoxania (Land beyond the Oxus) is the Latin name for a region and civilization located in lower Central Asia roughly corresponding to modern-day eastern Uzbekistan, western Tajikistan, parts of southern Kazakhstan, parts of Tu ...
in early 1360. None of the tribal leaders resisted, but after occupying the region for a short time the Moghuls left.
In the meantime, ‘Abdullah's nephew Amir Husayn returned from exile and, eager to avenge his family, formed a coalition with the
Yasa'uri under Amir Khidr and the Barlas, now under Amir
Timur
Timur ; chg, ''Aqsaq Temür'', 'Timur the Lame') or as ''Sahib-i-Qiran'' ( 'Lord of the Auspicious Conjunction'), his epithet. ( chg, ''Temür'', 'Iron'; 9 April 133617–19 February 1405), later Timūr Gurkānī ( chg, ''Temür Kür ...
, against Buyan Suldus. Timur had taken control of the Barlas by deceiving Hajji Beg, and, knowing that Buyan was an ally of Hajji Beg, had much to gain by moving against him. The allies headed towards Shadman against Buyan, but he fled to
Badakhshan
Badakhshan is a historical region comprising parts of modern-day north-eastern Afghanistan, eastern Tajikistan, and Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County in China. Badakhshan Province is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan. Much of historic Ba ...
, whose ruler, Baha' ad-Din, similarly fled when they invaded his territory. Amir Husayn then claimed leadership of the ''ulus''.
In 1361 Tughluq Temur again invaded the region, and Buyan submitted to them at Samarkand. This time, however, the Moghul Khan wanted to centralize his rule, and began a purge of tribal leaders whom he considered to be potential enemies. Buyan Suldus was executed by the Moghuls in 1362. Leadership of his portion of the Suldus devolved upon his son, Shaykh Muhammad.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Suldus, Buyan
1362 deaths
Year of birth unknown