Bure is a

municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...

in the district of

Porrentruy Porrentruy (, fc, Poérreintru , german: Pruntrut) is a Swiss municipality and seat of the district of the same name located in the canton of Jura. Porrentruy is home to National League team, HC Ajoie. History The first trace of human pre ...

in the canton of Jura in

Switzerland ). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...

. It lies in very close proximity to the border with France.

History

Bure is first mentioned in 1139 as ''Bures''. The municipality was formerly known by its German name ''Burnen'', however, that name is no longer used.

Geography

Bure has an area of . Of this area, or 44.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 27.9% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 13.3% is settled (buildings or roads) and or 14.4% is unproductive land.Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics
2009 data accessed 25 March 2010 Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 3.0% and transportation infrastructure made up 7.7%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 2.0% of the area Out of the forested land, 26.1% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.8% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 29.3% is used for growing crops and 14.1% is pastures, while 1.1% is used for orchards or vine crops. Of the unproductive areas, 12.0% is unproductive vegetation and 2.4% is too rocky for vegetation. The municipality is located in the Porrentruy district, on the French border.

Coat of arms

The

blazon In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image. The verb ''to blazon'' means to create such a description. The vis ...

of the municipal

coat of arms A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the latter two being outer garments). The coat of arms on an escutcheon forms the central ele ...

is ''Gules, a Pig salient Argent.''

Demographics

Bure has a population () of . , 3.7% of the population are resident foreign nationals.Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Superweb database - Gemeinde Statistics 1981-2008
accessed 19 June 2010 Over the last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of -2.1%. Migration accounted for -1.4%, while births and deaths accounted for 0%.
accessed 29-December-2011 Most of the population () speaks French (670 or 98.0%) as their first language,

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) ** Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...

is the second most common (13 or 1.9%) and

Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance language *** Regional Ita ...

is the third (1 or 0.1%). , the population was 51.2% male and 48.8% female. The population was made up of 333 Swiss men (48.6% of the population) and 18 (2.6%) non-Swiss men. There were 324 Swiss women (47.3%) and 10 (1.5%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality, 367 or about 53.7% were born in Bure and lived there in 2000. There were 198 or 28.9% who were born in the same canton, while 54 or 7.9% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 48 or 7.0% were born outside of Switzerland. , children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 26.6% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 60.1% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 13.3%. , there were 282 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 330 married individuals, 57 widows or widowers and 15 individuals who are divorced.STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000
accessed 2 February 2011 , there were 266 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.5 persons per household. There were 88 households that consist of only one person and 32 households with five or more people. , a total of 250 apartments (90.6% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 15 apartments (5.4%) were seasonally occupied and 11 apartments (4.0%) were empty.Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 - Gebäude und Wohnungen
accessed 28 January 2011 , the construction rate of new housing units was 1.5 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 3.68%. The historical population is given in the following chart: Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8) ImageSize = width:1080 height:210 PlotArea = height:150 left:100 bottom:50 right:100 AlignBars = justify DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:800 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:200 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:40 start:0 PlotData= color:yellowgreen width:40 mark:(line,white) align:center bar:1770 from:start till:429 text:"429" bar:1818 from:start till:676 text:"676" bar:1850 from:start till:798 text:"798" bar:1860 from:start till:762 text:"762" bar:1870 from:start till:686 text:"686" bar:1880 from:start till:614 text:"614" bar:1888 from:start till:609 text:"609" bar:1900 from:start till:607 text:"607" bar:1910 from:start till:653 text:"653" bar:1920 from:start till:628 text:"628" bar:1930 from:start till:604 text:"604" bar:1941 from:start till:634 text:"634" bar:1950 from:start till:613 text:"613" bar:1960 from:start till:558 text:"558" bar:1970 from:start till:593 text:"593" bar:1980 from:start till:658 text:"658" bar:1990 from:start till:675 text:"675" bar:2000 from:start till:684 text:"684"

Politics

In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the CVP which received 46.67% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP (25.23%), the SVP (16.22%) and the

SPS SPS may refer to: Law and government * Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures of the WTO * NATO Science for Peace and Security * Single Payment Scheme, an EU agricultural subsidy * The Standard Procurement System, fo ...

(10.09%). In the federal election, a total of 280 votes were cast, and the

voter turnout In political science, voter turnout is the participation rate (often defined as those who cast a ballot) of a given election. This can be the percentage of registered voters, eligible voters, or all voting-age people. According to Stanford Unive ...

was 50.9%.

Economy

, Bure had an unemployment rate of 5.1%. , there were 30 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 11 businesses involved in this sector. 31 people were employed in the

secondary sector In macroeconomics, the secondary sector of the economy is an economic sector in the three-sector theory that describes the role of manufacturing. It encompasses industries that produce a finished, usable product or are involved in constructi ...

and there were 9 businesses in this sector. 115 people were employed in the

tertiary sector The tertiary sector of the economy, generally known as the service sector, is the third of the three economic sectors in the three-sector model (also known as the economic cycle). The others are the primary sector (raw materials) and the second ...

, with 15 businesses in this sector. There were 315 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 39.4% of the workforce. the total number of

full-time equivalent Full-time equivalent (FTE), or whole time equivalent (WTE), is a unit that indicates the workload of an employee, employed person (or student) in a way that makes workloads or class loads comparable across various contexts. FTE is often used to me ...

jobs was 143. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 27, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 29 of which 17 or (58.6%) were in manufacturing and 12 (41.4%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 87. In the tertiary sector; 17 or 19.5% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 3 or 3.4% were in the movement and storage of goods, 3 or 3.4% were in a hotel or restaurant, 7 or 8.0% were technical professionals or scientists, 2 or 2.3% were in education and 23 or 26.4% were in health care. , there were 107 workers who commuted into the municipality and 196 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.8 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. About 15.9% of the workforce coming into Bure are coming from outside Switzerland.Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb
accessed 24 June 2010 Of the working population, 6% used public transportation to get to work, and 72.7% used a private car.

Religion

From the , 606 or 88.6% were

Roman Catholic Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...

, while 40 or 5.8% belonged to the

Swiss Reformed Church The Protestant Church in Switzerland (PCS), (EKS); french: Église évangélique réformée de Suisse (EERS); it, Chiesa evangelica riformata in Svizzera (CERiS); rm, Baselgia evangelica refurmada da la Svizra (BRRS) formerly named Federation o ...

. Of the rest of the population, there were 3 members of an Orthodox church (or about 0.44% of the population). 20 (or about 2.92% of the population) belonged to no church, are

agnostic Agnosticism is the view or belief that the existence of God, of the divine or the supernatural is unknown or unknowable. (page 56 in 1967 edition) Another definition provided is the view that "human reason is incapable of providing sufficient ...

atheist Atheism, in the broadest sense, is an absence of belief in the existence of deities. Less broadly, atheism is a rejection of the belief that any deities exist. In an even narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there no ...

, and 15 individuals (or about 2.19% of the population) did not answer the question.

Education

In Bure about 211 or (30.8%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 50 or (7.3%) have completed additional higher education (either

university A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, t ...

or a ''

Fachhochschule A ''Fachhochschule'' (; plural ''Fachhochschulen''), abbreviated FH, is a university of applied sciences (UAS), in other words a German tertiary education institution that provides professional education in many applied sciences and applied arts ...

''). Of the 50 who completed tertiary schooling, 70.0% were Swiss men, 24.0% were Swiss women. The Canton of Jura school system provides two year of non-obligatory

Kindergarten Kindergarten is a preschool educational approach based on playing, singing, practical activities such as drawing, and social interaction as part of the transition from home to school. Such institutions were originally made in the late 18th cent ...

, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend a three or four year optional upper Secondary school followed by some form of Tertiary school or they may enter an

apprenticeship Apprenticeship is a system for training a new generation of practitioners of a Tradesman, trade or profession with on-the-job training and often some accompanying study (classroom work and reading). Apprenticeships can also enable practitioners ...

. During the 2009-10 school year, there were a total of 17 students attending one class in Bure. There was one kindergarten class with a total of 17 students in the municipality.Effectifs de l'école enfantine 2009-2010
accessed 19 December 2011 The municipality had no primary school classes, all the students attended school in a neighboring school.
accessed 19 December 2011 There are only nine Secondary schools in the canton, so all the students from Bure attend their secondary school in another municipality. , there were 5 students in Bure who came from another municipality, while 47 residents attended schools outside the municipality.

References

External links

* {{Authority control Municipalities of the canton of Jura