The Asian giant toad (''Phrynoidis asper''), sometimes referred to as the river toad, is a species of

true toad A true toad is any member of the family Bufonidae, in the order Anura (frogs and toads). This is the only family of anurans in which all members are known as toads, although some may be called frogs (such as harlequin frogs). The bufonids now ...

native to

Mainland Southeast Asia Mainland Southeast Asia, also known as the Indochinese Peninsula or Indochina, is the continental portion of Southeast Asia. It lies east of the Indian subcontinent and south of Mainland China and is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the west an ...

and the

Greater Sundas The Greater Sunda Islands (Indonesian and Malay: ''Kepulauan Sunda Besar'') are four tropical islands situated within Indonesian Archipelago, in the Pacific Ocean. The islands, Borneo, Java, Sulawesi and Sumatra, are internationally recognised fo ...

. It is a medium-large toad, but it is easily confused with its larger relative, the giant river toad (''P. juxtasper'').

Description

''Phrynoidis asper'' is generally a dark grey, green, black or brown in color, and is heavily covered in

tubercles In anatomy, a tubercle (literally 'small tuber', Latin for 'lump') is any round nodule, small eminence, or warty outgrowth found on external or internal organs of a plant or an animal. In plants A tubercle is generally a wart-like projection ...

. Females can reach up to in snout–to–

vent Vent or vents may refer to: Science and technology Biology *Vent, the cloaca region of an animal *Vent DNA polymerase, a thermostable DNA polymerase Geology *Hydrothermal vent, a fissure in a planet's surface from which geothermally heated water ...

length and males up to . They can be commonly found near stream and rivers.

Photos

File:Giant Asian Toad (Phrynoidis aspera) (8688768164).jpg File:River Toad Phrynoidis aspera (7920853968).jpg File:River Toad (Phrynoidis aspera) (6731222373).jpg

References

*
Frogs of the Malay Peninsula: Bufo asper
asper Amphibians of Brunei Amphibians of Indonesia Amphibians of Malaysia Amphibians of Myanmar Amphibians of Thailand Amphibians of Vietnam Amphibians of Borneo Fauna of Sumatra Amphibians described in 1829 Taxa named by Johann Ludwig Christian Gravenhorst {{Bufonidae-stub