''Bryoria implexa'' is a species of horsehair lichen in the family

Parmeliaceae The Parmeliaceae is a large and diverse family of Lecanoromycetes. With over 2700 species in 71 genera, it is the largest family of lichen-forming fungi. The most speciose genera in the family are the well-known groups: '' Xanthoparmelia'' ( 822 ...

Habit

''Bryoria implexa'' has a dark brown or olive colour. The

thallus Thallus (plural: thalli), from Latinized Greek (), meaning "a green shoot" or "twig", is the vegetative tissue of some organisms in diverse groups such as algae, fungi, some liverworts, lichens, and the Myxogastria. Many of these organisms wer ...

is cylindrical and hairlike, 5–10 cm long and hanging. The main branches are 0,2-0,3 mm in diameter but the narrower branches are 0,1 mm.Flóra Íslands lora if Iceland(no date)
Gálgaskegg - ''Bryoria implexa''.
(in Icealndic) Retrieved 14 April 2021.

Distribution and habitat

The native distribution of ''Bryorya implexa'' is

North-America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...

and

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia ...

, including Iceland where it has only been found in one location, Gálgahraun in Álftanes, where its preferred habitat is lava rock.

Conservation status

''Bryoria implexa'' is red listed in Iceland as critically endangered (CR) due to it being found in only one location in the country. The species is

extinct Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and ...

(EX) in Britain.Woods, R. G., & Coppins, B. J. (2012)
A Conservation Evaluation of British Lichens and Lichenicolours Fungi.
Powerprint. As of April 2021, its conservation status has not been estimated by the

IUCN The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natu ...

Chemistry

''Bryoria implexa'' contains

norstictic acid Norstictic acid is a depsidone produced as a secondary metabolites in lichen A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.

References

implexa Lichen species Lichens described in 1796 Lichens of Europe Lichens of North America Taxa named by Georg Franz Hoffmann Lichens of Iceland {{Parmeliaceae-stub