Bruno S. Frey (born 4 May 1941 in

Basel , french: link=no, Bâlois(e), it, Basilese , neighboring_municipalities= Allschwil (BL), Hégenheim (FR-68), Binningen (BL), Birsfelden (BL), Bottmingen (BL), Huningue (FR-68), Münchenstein (BL), Muttenz (BL), Reinach (BL), Riehen (BS ...

Switzerland ). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...

) is a Swiss economist and visiting professor for Political Economy at the

University of Basel The University of Basel (Latin: ''Universitas Basiliensis'', German: ''Universität Basel'') is a university in Basel, Switzerland. Founded on 4 April 1460, it is Switzerland's oldest university and among the world's oldest surviving universit ...

. Frey's research topics include

Political economy Political economy is the study of how Macroeconomics, economic systems (e.g. Marketplace, markets and Economy, national economies) and Politics, political systems (e.g. law, Institution, institutions, government) are linked. Widely studied ph ...

and

Happiness economics The economics of happiness or happiness economics is the theoretical, qualitative and quantitative study of happiness and quality of life, including positive and negative affects, well-being, life satisfaction and related concepts – typically t ...

, with his published work including concepts derived from

Psychology Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior. Psychology includes the study of conscious and unconscious phenomena, including feelings and thoughts. It is an academic discipline of immense scope, crossing the boundaries betwe ...

Sociology Sociology is a social science that focuses on society, human social behavior, patterns of Interpersonal ties, social relationships, social interaction, and aspects of culture associated with everyday life. It uses various methods of Empirical ...

Jurisprudence Jurisprudence, or legal theory, is the theoretical study of the propriety of law. Scholars of jurisprudence seek to explain the nature of law in its most general form and they also seek to achieve a deeper understanding of legal reasoning a ...

History History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the History of writing#Inventions of writing, invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbr ...

Arts The arts are a very wide range of human practices of creative expression, storytelling and cultural participation. They encompass multiple diverse and plural modes of thinking, doing and being, in an extremely broad range of media. Both hi ...

, and

Theology Theology is the systematic study of the nature of the divine and, more broadly, of religious belief. It is taught as an academic discipline, typically in universities and seminaries. It occupies itself with the unique content of analyzing the ...

Career and academic positions

Frey studied economics at the

and at the

University of Cambridge , mottoeng = Literal: From here, light and sacred draughts. Non literal: From this place, we gain enlightenment and precious knowledge. , established = , other_name = The Chancellor, Masters and Schola ...

, obtaining a doctorate in economics in 1965. From 1969 to 2010 Frey was an associate professor of economics at the University of Basel, from 1977 to 2012 a professor of economics at the

University of Zurich The University of Zürich (UZH, german: Universität Zürich) is a public research university located in the city of Zürich, Switzerland. It is the largest university in Switzerland, with its 28,000 enrolled students. It was founded in 1833 f ...

, and since 1969 has held editor positions at ''

Kyklos The ''kyklos'' (Ancient Greek: κύκλος , "cycle") is a term used by some classical Greek authors to describe what they considered as the cycle of governments in a society. It was roughly based on the history of Greek city-states in the same ...

'', a Swiss journal on

political economy Political economy is the study of how Macroeconomics, economic systems (e.g. Marketplace, markets and Economy, national economies) and Politics, political systems (e.g. law, Institution, institutions, government) are linked. Widely studied ph ...

. Since 2004 Frey has been a director of research for the Center for Research in Economics, Management and the Arts (CREMA). Starting from 2010 until 2013, Frey was appointed to the

Warwick Business School Warwick Business School (WBS) is an academic department of the Faculty of Social Sciences of Warwick University, that was established in 1967 as the School of Industrial and Business Studies. The Business School offers undergraduate, postgradu ...

in the role of a Dinstinguished Professor of Behavioural Science. Frey was appointed to the

Copenhagen Consensus Copenhagen Consensus is a project that seeks to establish priorities for advancing global welfare using methodologies based on the theory of welfare economics, using cost–benefit analysis. It was conceived and organized around 2004 by Bjørn Lomb ...

expert commission in 2004, alongside four

Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfr ...

winners. The main goal of this commission was to assess priorities for addressing the main challenges facing humanity including hunger, AIDS, water access, trade barriers, corruption, and global warming. In July 2011, the University of Zurich established a commission to investigate allegations of publication misconduct (

self-plagiarism Plagiarism is the fraudulent representation of another person's language, thoughts, ideas, or expressions as one's own original work.From the 1995 '' Random House Compact Unabridged Dictionary'': use or close imitation of the language and thought ...

) by Frey and his co-authors. In October of the same year the commission reported that Frey had committed misconduct, namely self-plagiarism.University of Zurich ad hoc commission report about academic misconduct by Bruno Frey
/ref> In July 2012, the Faculty of Business, Economics and Management at the University of Zurich decided to not extend the employment contract Frey had after having become emeritus professor. In 2012, the government of

Bhutan Bhutan (; dz, འབྲུག་ཡུལ་, Druk Yul ), officially the Kingdom of Bhutan,), is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is situated in the Eastern Himalayas, between China in the north and India in the south. A mountainous ...

appointed Frey to an international group of experts to investigate "a new development paradigm designed to nurture human happiness and the wellbeing of all life on earth."

Influence

According to the RePEc-Ranking from October 2015, he is listed as the 14th most cited European economist.RePEc Ranking: Top 12.5% authors in Europe
Additionally, the Swiss newspaper,

Neue Zürcher Zeitung The ''Neue Zürcher Zeitung'' (''NZZ''; "New Journal of Zürich") is a Swiss, German-language daily newspaper, published by NZZ Mediengruppe in Zürich. The paper was founded in 1780. It was described as having a reputation as a high-quality ne ...

, publishes regularly a rating measuring the academic success and the public perception in the media and politics of economists. In this rating, he was appointed as the 3rd most influential economist in Switzerland in 2014 and 2015. In a recent publication from Miha Dominko and Miroslav Verbič titled "The Economics of Subjective Well-Being: A Bibliometric Analysis" and published in the Journal of Happiness Studies in 2019, the authors examined the development of subjective well-being research. Their result from Table 3. "50 most cited articles in the economics of subjective well-being research" B. S. Frey and A. Stutzer's article "What can economists learn from happiness research?" was placed on the very first place.

Rankings

According to "Economists’ Impact Ranking" (Ökonomen-Einfluss-Ranking) in NZZ (Neue Zürcher Zeitung) of September 21, 2019, Bruno S. Frey achieved Rank 4 in Switzerland (in terms of research output: Rank 2) and according to "Germany's most influential Economists" in F.A.Z (Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung) of September 21, 2019: Rank 5 in Germany. In Handelsblatt’s “Economics Ranking 2019", September 16, 2019, he was placed in terms of "lifetime achievement" on the 1st Rank.

Published work

Frey's published research has included topics related to behavioral economics (including motivational crowding effects), the economics of awards, political economics, the economics of happiness, the effects of democracy upon society, corporate governance, community enterprises, and the economics of war. Frey is author of more than a dozen books in English and/or German (including a number of translations into French, Spanish, Portuguese, Galician, Italian, Japanese, Korean and Chinese) and more than 300 articles in professional academic journals. Concerning the role of direct democracy, he developed (together with Reiner Eichenberger) a functionally oriented form of federalism called Functional Overlapping Competing Jurisdiction (FOCJ). He considers both direct democracy and federalism as trend-setting institutions of the future. Frey has also contributed to the organization of theaters, operas, and museums, as well as the return on investment in works of art. He finds that the latter are less financially rewarding compared to other investments. Such investments are nevertheless made because a psychological return also takes place in the process. According to the economics publication database IDEAS, Frey is a world leader in research in the field of cultural economics. As a further contribution to cultural economics, Bruno S. Frey has published a book entitled "Venice is Everywhere". The phenomenon of "overtourism" is treated as a central theme. In this context, economic aspects such as externalities or behavioral incentives and their role for the institutional framework are discussed. In addition, Frey (with Andre Briviba) has published two academic papers on the topic (Revived Originals - A proposal to deal with cultural overtourism; A policy proposal to deal with excessive cultural tourism).

Self-plagiarism

During 2010 and 2011 Frey, with co-authors Benno Torgler and David Savage, published four articles concerning the ''Titanic'' disaster in four different journals. Concerning these articles, in 2011 Frey and his co-authors were accused of self-plagiarism. On 3 May 2011

David Autor David H. Autor (born 1967) is an American economist, public policy scholar, and professor of economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), where he also acts as co-director of the School Effectiveness and Inequality Initiative. A ...

, editor of the ''

Journal of Economic Perspectives The ''Journal of Economic Perspectives'' (JEP) is an economic journal published by the American Economic Association. The journal was established in 1987. It is very broad in its scope. According to its editors its purpose is: #to synthesize and ...

,'' wrote a public letter to Frey claiming "very substantial overlap between these articles and your JEP publication. Indeed, to my eye, they are substantively identical." Pointing out that the other articles were not cited, further wrote that "your conduct in this matter sethically dubious and disrespectful to the American Economic Association, the Journal of Economic Perspectives and the JEP's readers." In a public response Frey accepted theses accusations and offered his apologies, writing, " was a grave mistake on our part for which we deeply apologize. It should never have happened. This is deplorable."

Academic honours

* 1996: Raymond Vernon Memorial Award (shared with

Felix Oberholzer-Gee Felix Oberholzer-Gee is a Swiss academic. He is the Andreas Andresen Professor of Business Administration in the Strategy Unit at Harvard Business School. A member of the faculty since 2003, Professor Oberholzer-Gee received his master's degree, ...

);

Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management The Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management (APPAM) is an American organization whose focus is improving public policy and management by fostering excellence in research, analysis, and education. APPAM founded the ''Journal of Policy A ...

, USA 1998: Fellow der ''Public Choice Society'' *1998:

Honorary Doctorate An honorary degree is an academic degree for which a university (or other degree-awarding institution) has waived all of the usual requirements. It is also known by the Latin phrases ''honoris causa'' ("for the sake of the honour") or ''ad hon ...

from the

University of St. Gallen A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, t ...

and Universität Göteborg (Schweden) *1998: Fellow der ''Public Choice Society'' *2004: Elected Fellow of the European Economic Association * 2005: Corresponding Fellow,

Royal Society of Edinburgh The Royal Society of Edinburgh is Scotland's national academy of science and letters. It is a registered charity that operates on a wholly independent and non-partisan basis and provides public benefit throughout Scotland. It was established i ...

*2005: Distinguished CESifo Fellow

Oxford University Press Oxford University Press (OUP) is the university press of the University of Oxford. It is the largest university press in the world, and its printing history dates back to the 1480s. Having been officially granted the legal right to print books ...

* 2007: Gustav Stolper Prize,

Verein für Socialpolitik The Verein für Socialpolitik (), or the German Economic Association, is an important society of economists in the German-speaking area. History The Verein was founded in Eisenach in 1872 as a response to the "social question". Among its founder ...

*2008: Friedrich von Wieser-Preis, Prague Conference on Political Economy *2009:

from the University of Brussels * 2010: Honorary Fellow, Association for Cultural Economics International (ACEI) * 2012: Röpke Prize for Civil Society, Liberal Institute

Selected books

* Frey, Bruno S., 1972. ''Umweltökonomie''. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen. * Frey, Bruno S., 1978. ''Modern Political Economy''. Halsted Press, Wiley, New York. * Frey, Bruno S., 1983. ''Democratic Economic Policy. A theoretical introduction''. Martin Robertson, Oxford. * Frey, Bruno S., 1984. ''International Political Economics''. Basil Blackwell, Oxford und New York. * Frey, Bruno S. and Werner W. Pommerehne, 1989. ''Muses and Markets. Explorations in the Economics of the Arts''. Basil Blackwell, Oxford. * Frey, Bruno S., 1992. ''Economics as a Science of Human Behaviour. Towards a New Social Science Paradigm''. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston/Dordrecht/London. * Frey, Bruno S., 1997. ''Not just for the money. An economic theory of personal motivation''. E. Elgar, Cheltenham. * Frey, Bruno S. and Reiner Eichenberger, 1999. ''The New Democratic Federalism for Europe. Functional, Overlapping and Competing Jurisdictions''. Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, Cheltenham. * Frey, Bruno S., 2000. ''Arts & Economics. Analysis & Cultural Policy''. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York. * Frey, Bruno S., 2001. ''Inspiring Economics: Human Motivation in Political Economy''. Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd., Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, Mass. * Frey, Bruno S. and Alois Stutzer, 2002. ''Happiness and economics. How the economy and institutions affect well-being''. Princeton University Press, Princeton (N.J.). * Frey, Bruno S., 2004. ''Dealing with Terrorism: Stick or Carrot''. Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd., Cheltenham, UK and Nothhampton, Mass. * Frey, Bruno S., 2008. ''Happiness: A Revolution in Economics''. The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA und London, England 2008. *Frey, Bruno S., and Jana Gallus, 2017. ''Honours versus money''. Oxford: Oxford University Press. *Frey, Bruno S., and David Iselin, 2017. ''Economic Ideas You Should Forget''. Springer International Publishing. *Frey, Bruno S., 2018. ''Economics of Happiness''. Springer International Publishing. *Frey, Bruno S., 2019. ''Economics of Art and Culture''. Springer International Publishing. *Frey, Bruno S., and Christoph A. Schaltegger, 2019. ''Economic Ideas You Should Read and Remember''. Springer International Publishing

Selected articles

* How Government Bond Yields Reflect Wartime Events: The Case of the Nordic Market (with Daniel Waldenström) In: Sovereign Debt: From Safety to Default (Robert W. Kolb, ed.), 2011, Wiley, Hoboken N.J., pp 279–286 (Part V: Historical Perspectives). *Motivation and Awards (mit Jana Gallus) In: The Cambridge Handbook of Psychology and Economic Behaviour, 2nd edition, ed. Alan Lewis, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2018, Part VII – New Horizons, pp 697–712. *Economics and Well-Being In: The SAGE Handbook of Personality and Individual Differences, eds. Virgil Zeigler-Hill and Todd K. Shackelford, SAGE Publication Ltd., London, 2018, Volume 3 (Applications of Personality and Individual Differences, Part III (Personality in the Workplace), pp 552–567. *Cooperatives Instead of Migration Partnerships (with

Margit Osterloh Margit Osterloh (born 23 July 1943 in Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany) is a German and Swiss economist. Research Osterloh’s research areas include: Organizational Theory, Theory of the Firm, Innovation and Technology Management, Process ...

) In: Analyse & Kritik, 2018, 40(2), pp 201–225. *A Pragmatic Approach to Migration (Reply to comments re. Cooperatives Instead of Migration Partnerships), (with

) In: Analyse & Kritik, 2018, 40(2), pp 329–336. *Public Choice and Happiness (with Alois Stutzer) In: The Oxford Handbook of Public Choice, Vol. 1. Roger D. Congleton, Bernard Grofman, Stefan Voigt (eds). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019, pp 779–795. *Commitment to Pay Taxes: Results from Field and Laboratory Experiments (Ann-Kathrin Koessler, Benno Torgler, Lars P. Feld) In: European Economic Review 115, June 2019, pp 78–98. *Volksvertreter per Los – Können Zufallsverfahren das Regierungshandeln verbessern? In: zfo – Zeitschrift Führung+ Organisation 3/2019, pp 175–178, https://www.zfo.de/. *Migration Policy – What can we Learn from Cooperatives? (with

) In: Althammer Jörg, Neumärker Bernhard, Nothelle-Wildfeuer Ursula (eds) (2019). Solidarity in Open Societies. Springer VS, Wiesbaden, Chapter 2: Applications, pp 267–282, (online first 8 June 2019) 22 July 2019. * Political Economy of Statistics: Manipulating Data (2020). SSRN http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3705352. * with Andre Briviba: Revived Originals – A proposal to deal with cultural overtourism (2020). Tourism Economics. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354816620945407 * Festivals. Edward Elgar Publishing. Handbook of Cultural Economics (2020). * Happiness Policy: Technocratic or Democratic? University of California Press (2020). https://doi.org/10.1525/gp.2020.12041. * with Anthony Gullo: Sic transit gloria mundi: What remains of famous economists after their deaths? Springer (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-020-03393-w * (with

): How to avoid borrowed plumes in academia. North-Holland (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2019.103831 * with Lasse Steiner, Lisa Leinert: Economics, Religion and Happiness. Springer (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-16205-4_3

References

External links

Personal webpage
{{DEFAULTSORT:Frey, Bruno 1941 births Living people Academic staff of the University of Zurich Swiss economists People from Basel-Stadt Cultural economists Cultural economics University of Basel alumni Alumni of the University of Cambridge Member of the Mont Pelerin Society