Brugmansia Versicolor

''Brugmansia versicolor'' is a species of plant in the family Solanaceae, commonly known as “angel’s trumpets”. They are endemic to Ecuador. Since March 2014, they have been listed as Extinct in the Wild by the IUCN.

Description

''Brugmansia versicolor'' is a bush or small tree reaching in height. It has an alternate insertion of elliptic/oblong leaves that are entire with smooth edges. One of the most prominent characteristics of ''B. versicolor'' is the presence of giant drooping flowers which hang upside down, which is where it gets its common name of Angel's Trumpet. The flowers are the largest of all ''Brugmansia'' at in length. They open first white, but then may age to turn peach, pink, apricot or remain white.

Taxonomy

There are currently 7 distinct species of ''Brugmansia'' recognized, and they are very similar to their close relative ''Datura''. For this reason the two genera were commonly mistaken for one another. “It was not until the discovery of the New World that Brugmansias appeared in the documented floras and later in gardens of the Old World. Initially Brugmansias were grouped with Daturas by the famous botanist Carl Linnaeus, who documented them in 1753 from a drawing and not from live plant material. In 1805, the South African taxonomist Christiaan Hendrik Persoon created a separate genus for Brugmansia, but it was not until 1973 that Tom E. Lockwood created a final division between the two genera.

The different genera of the family Solanaceae include many crop plants such as potatoes and tomatoes, as well as several other poisonous plants.

Distribution and habitat

''Brugmansia'' species are native to the western part of South America, originating from Guayaquil Basin and south of the Gulf of Guayaquil in Ecuador. They are usually found growing in flat areas at elevations up to , but are also frequently cultivated at low elevations throughout the tropics.

Ecology

''Brugmansia versicolor'' is a hermaphrodite that reproduces perennially. It has long, narrow, fusiform berries that are up to in length. Brugmansia reproduce by the production of seeds. The major pollinators are thought to be various species of insects, though this has yet to be proven.

Culture

''Brugmansia'' can withstand a wide range of temperatures including those that are slightly below freezing. A moderate frost will damage the plant in colder climates. ''Brugmansia'' will grow well if placed in a partially shaded or fully lit position. The plants tend to wilt in hot temperatures, but quickly recover in the evening as their flowers begin to open. They thrive in very fertile soils and average humidity. Clones can easily be made from stem cuttings, and ''Brugmansia'' grow readily from viable seeds, however the plant will not self pollinate.

Toxicity

According to Dr. Russell, of North Carolina State University, ''Brugmansia versicolor'' is exceptionally poisonous if ingested in large quantities. It contains various tropane alkaloids that have toxic properties which affect the mind and body. Some of these alkaloids include atropine, scopolamine, and hyoscyamine. No matter if swallowed or inhaled, the flowers, leaves, and seeds of ''Brugmansia'' will most likely cause symptoms of hallucinations, dry mouth, muscle weakness, increased blood pressure, increased pulse, fever, dilated pupils, temporary insanity, and paralysis.

References

Bibliography

*"Angel's trumpet, Brugmansia Versicolor - Shrubs - Solanaceae garden." Gardening.eu - home. 7 May 200


*"Brugmansia Versicolor (PIER species info)." Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR). 7 May 200


*"Brugmansia Versicolor Solanaceae Angel's Tears." EEB Greenhouse Home Page. 7 May 200

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2706379

Brugmansia, versicolor
Endemic flora of Ecuador
Near threatened plants
Garden plants of South America
Perennial plants
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot