Broad-tailed Parrot on:
[Wikipedia]
[Google]
[Amazon]
A broad-tailed parrot is any of about 35–40 
species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of ...
belonging to the tribe
The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in part due to confl ...
Platycercini. The members of the tribe are small to medium in size, and all are native to Australasia
Australasia is a region that comprises Australia, New Zealand and some neighbouring islands in the Pacific Ocean. The term is used in a number of different contexts, including geopolitically, physiogeographically, philologically, and ecolo ...
, Australia in particular, but also New Zealand
New Zealand ( mi, Aotearoa ) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and over 700 List of islands of New Zealand, smaller islands. It is the ...
, New Caledonia, and nearby islands.
Species
* Genus ''Prosopeia
The shining parrots, ''Prosopeia'', are a genus of parrots in the family Psittaculidae.
The genus is endemic to the islands of Fiji, although one species, the maroon shining parrot, has been introduced to Tonga. The three species are also some ...
''
** Crimson shining parrot
The crimson shining parrot (''Prosopeia splendens'') is a parrot from Fiji. The species is endemic to the islands of Kadavu and Ono in the Kadavu Group. The species was once considered conspecific with the red shining parrot of Vanua Levu and Tav ...
, ''Prosopeia splendens''
** Masked shining parrot
The masked shining parrot (''Prosopeia personata''), also known as the masked parrot, masked musk parrot, or the yellow-breasted musk parrot is a species of parrot in the family Psittaculidae. It is endemic to Viti Levu in Fiji. Its natural hab ...
, ''Prosopeia personata''
** Maroon shining parrot
The maroon shining parrot or red shining-parrot (''Prosopeia tabuensis''), is a species of parrot in the family Psittaculidae. It is endemic to the islands of Vanua Levu and Taveuni in Fiji and was introduced to the islands of southern Tonga in ...
, ''Prosopeia tabuensis''
* Genus ''Eunymphicus
''Eunymphicus'' is a genus of parrots in the family Psittaculidae. The genus is endemic to New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands, and is closely related to the ''Cyanoramphus'' parakeets of Oceania.
Taxonomy
The genus ''Eunymphicus'' was intro ...
''
** Horned parakeet
The horned parakeet (''Eunymphicus cornutus'') is a species of parrot in the genus ''Eunymphicus'', in the family Psittaculidae. It is a medium-sized parrot endemic to New Caledonia. It is called "horned" because it has two black feathers that p ...
, ''Eunymphicus cornutus''
** Ouvea parakeet
The Ouvea parakeet (''Eunymphicus uvaeensis'') or Uvea parakeet, is a species of parrot in the genus '' Eunymphicus'', in the family Psittaculidae. It is endemic to the island of Uvea in the Loyalty Islands, New Caledonia. The species was o ...
, ''Eunymphicus uvaeensis''
* Genus ''Cyanoramphus
''Cyanoramphus'' is a genus of parakeets native to New Zealand and islands of the southern Pacific Ocean. The New Zealand forms are often referred to as kākāriki. They are small to medium-sized parakeets with long tails and predominantly green ...
''
** Black-fronted parakeet
The extinct black-fronted parakeet or Tahiti parakeet (''Cyanoramphus zealandicus'') was endemic to the Pacific island of Tahiti. Its native name was simply ''’ā’ā'' ("parrot") according to Latham (1790) though White (1887) gives "''aa-mah ...
, ''Cyanoramphus zealandicus''†
** Society parakeet
The Raiatea parakeet or Society parakeet (''Cyanoramphus ulietanus''), also known as the Society kakariki or brown-headed parakeet, is an extinct parakeet of the genus ''Cyanoramphus''.
Description
The Raiatea parakeet averaged 25 cm (9.7 ...
, ''Cyanoramphus ulietanus''†
** Lord Howe parakeet
The Lord Howe parakeet (''Cyanoramphus subflavescens''), also known as the Lord Howe red-fronted parakeet, is an extinct parrot endemic to Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea, part of New South Wales, Australia. It was described as full specie ...
, ''Cyanoramphus subflavescens''†
** Antipodes parakeet
The Antipodes parakeet or Antipodes Island parakeet (''Cyanoramphus unicolor'') is a parrot in the family Psittaculidae that is endemic to the Antipodes Islands of New Zealand. It is one of two parrot species found on the islands, and one of only ...
, ''Cyanoramphus unicolor''
** Red-crowned parakeet
The red-crowned parakeet (''Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae''), also known as red-fronted parakeet and by its Māori name of kākāriki,Parr, M., Juniper, T., D'Silva, C., Powell, D., Johnston, D., Franklin, K., & Restall, R. (2010). Parrots: A Guid ...
, ''Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae''
** Macquarie parakeet
The Macquarie parakeet (''Cyanoramphus erythrotis''), also known as the Macquarie Island parakeet, is an extinct parrot from subantarctic Macquarie Island, an outlying part of Tasmania, Australia, in the Southern Ocean.
Taxonomy
The Macquarie p ...
, ''Cyanoramphus erythrotis''†
** Reischek's parakeet
Reischek's parakeet (''Cyanoramphus hochstetteri'') is a small green parrot confined to Antipodes Island, one of New Zealand’s subantarctic islands, which it shares with a congener, the larger Antipodes parakeet.
Taxonomy
The common name comm ...
, ''Cyanoramphus hochstetteri''
** Yellow-crowned parakeet
The yellow-crowned parakeet (''Cyanoramphus auriceps'') is a species of parakeet endemic to the islands of New Zealand. The species is found across the main three islands of New Zealand, North Island, South Island and Stewart Island/Rakiura, as we ...
, ''Cyanoramphus auriceps''
** Chatham parakeet
The Chatham parakeet (''Cyanoramphus forbesi''), also known as Forbes' parakeet, is a rare parakeet endemic to the Chatham Islands group, New Zealand. This parakeet is one of New Zealand's rarest birds and is classified as Vulnerable on the IUCN ...
, ''Cyanoramphus forbesi''
** Malherbe's parakeet
Malherbe's parakeet (''Cyanoramphus malherbi''), usually known as the orange-fronted parakeet ( mi, kākāriki karaka), is a small parrot endemic to New Zealand. In New Zealand it is always known as the orange-fronted parakeet, a name it share ...
, ''Cyanoramphus malherbi''
** New Caledonian parakeet
The New Caledonian parakeet (''Cyanoramphus saisseti'') or New Caledonian red-crowned parakeet, is a species of parrot in the family Psittaculidae. It is endemic to New Caledonia. The species was once considered to be conspecific with the red-f ...
''Cyanoramphus saisseti''
** Norfolk parakeet
The Norfolk parakeet (''Cyanoramphus cookii''), also called Tasman parakeet, Norfolk Island green parrot or Norfolk Island red-crowned parakeet, is a species of parrot in the family Psittaculidae. It is endemic to Norfolk Island (located betw ...
''Cyanoramphus cooki''
* Genus '' Platycercus''
** Western rosella
The western rosella (''Platycercus icterotis''), or moyadong, is a species of parrot endemic to southwestern Australia. The head and underparts are bright red, and the back is mottled black; a yellow patch at the cheek distinguishes it from ot ...
, ''Platycercus icterotis''
** Crimson rosella
The crimson rosella (''Platycercus elegans'') is a parrot native to eastern and south eastern Australia which has been introduced to New Zealand and Norfolk Island. It is commonly found in, but not restricted to, mountain forests and gardens. The ...
, ''Platycercus elegans''
*** Adelaide rosella
The crimson rosella (''Platycercus elegans'') is a parrot native to eastern and south eastern Australia which has been introduced to New Zealand and Norfolk Island. It is commonly found in, but not restricted to, mountain forests and gardens. The ...
, ''Platycercus (elegans) adelaidae''
*** Yellow rosella, ''Platycercus (elegans) flaveolus''
** Green rosella
The green rosella or Tasmanian rosella (''Platycercus caledonicus'') is a species of parrot native to Tasmania and Bass Strait islands. It was described by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in 1788, and named on the mistaken assu ...
, ''Platycercus caledonicus''
** Pale-headed rosella
The pale-headed rosella (''Platycercus adscitus''), is a broad-tailed parrot of the genus ''Platycercus'' native to northeastern Australia. It is a moderate-size parrot with a pale yellow head, predominantly white cheeks, scalloped black and gol ...
, ''Platycercus adscitus''
** Eastern rosella
The eastern rosella (''Platycercus eximius'') is a rosella native to southeastern Australia and Tasmania.
It has been introduced to New Zealand where feral populations are found in the North Island (notably in the northern half of the island, T ...
, ''Platycercus eximius''
** Northern rosella
The northern rosella (''Platycercus venustus''), formerly known as Brown's rosella or the smutty rosella, is a species of parrot native to northern Australia, ranging from the Gulf of Carpentaria and Arnhem Land to the Kimberley (Western Austral ...
, ''Platycercus venustus''
* Genus '' Barnardius'' - sometimes included in ''Platycercus''
** Australian ringneck
The Australian ringneck (''Barnardius zonarius'') is a parrot native to Australia. Except for extreme tropical and highland areas, the species has adapted to all conditions. Treatments of genus ''Barnardius'' have previously recognised two s ...
, ''Barnardius zonarius''
* Genus '' Purpureicephalus''
** Red-capped parrot
The red-capped parrot (''Purpureicephalus spurius'') is a species of broad-tailed parrot native to southwestern Australia. It was described by Heinrich Kuhl in 1820, with no subspecies recognised. It has long been classified in its own genus ...
, ''Purpureicephalus spurius''
* Genus '' Lathamus''
** Swift parrot
The swift parrot (''Lathamus discolor'') is a species of broad-tailed parrot, found only in southeastern Australia. The species breeds in Tasmania during the summer and migrates north to south eastern mainland Australia from Griffith- Warial ...
, ''Lathamus discolor''
* Genus ''Northiella
The term bluebonnet refers to the two species of Australian parrots in the genus ''Northiella''. The genus name honours Australian ornithologist Alfred John North
Alfred John North (11 June 1855 – 6 May 1917) was an Australian ornithologist.
...
'' - often included in ''Psephotus''
** Eastern bluebonnet
The eastern bluebonnet (''Northiella haematogaster''), also known as the greater bluebonnet, is an Australian parrot, one of two species in the genus ''Northiella''.Sindel, S. and Gill, J. (1996). ''Australian Grass Parakeets: The Psephotus and ...
, ''Northiella haematogaster''
** Naretha bluebonnet
The Naretha bluebonnet (''Northiella narethae'') or Naretha parrot is a bird found in a remote and arid region of Australia. It is one of two species in the genus ''Northiella'', and was first recorded in 1921 in Central Australia.
History
It ...
, ''Northiella narethae''
* Genus ''Psephotus
The red-rumped parrot (''Psephotus haematonotus''), also known as the red-backed parrot or grass parrot, is a common bird of south-eastern Australia, particularly in the Murray-Darling Basin.
Taxonomy
The red-rumped parrot was described by Joh ...
''
** Red-rumped parrot
The red-rumped parrot (''Psephotus haematonotus''), also known as the red-backed parrot or grass parrot, is a common bird of south-eastern Australia, particularly in the Murray-Darling Basin.
Taxonomy
The red-rumped parrot was described by Joh ...
, ''Psephotus haematonotus''
* Genus ''Psephotellus
''Psephotellus'' is a genus of medium sized Australian parrots. Four species found across the country are recognised, one is presumed to have become extinct.
Description
All species show considerable sexual dimorphism. These species have tra ...
''
** Mulga parrot
The mulga parrot (''Psephotellus varius'') is endemic to arid scrublands and lightly timbered grasslands in the interior of southern Australia. The male mulga parrot is multicolored, from which the older common name of many-coloured parrot is der ...
, ''Psephotellus varius''
** Golden-shouldered parrot
The golden-shouldered parrot (''Psephotellus chrysopterygius''), also known as the alwal, is a rare bird of southern Cape York Peninsula, in Queensland, Australia. A small parrot related to the more common red-rumped parrot (''Psephotus haemato ...
, ''Psephotellus chrysoptergius''
** Hooded parrot
The hooded parrot (''Psephotellus dissimilis'') is a species of parrot native to the Northern Territory in Australia. It is found in savannah and open woodland and is one of two extant species in its genus that breed in termite mounds. It has ...
, ''Psephotellus dissimilis''
** Paradise parrot, ''Psephotellus pulcherrimus''† ( extinct, late 1920s)
The budgerigar
The budgerigar ( ; ''Melopsittacus undulatus''), also known as the common parakeet or shell parakeet, is a small, long-tailed, seed-eating parrot usually nicknamed the budgie ( ), or in American English, the parakeet. Budgies are the only spe ...
was traditionally placed in this tribe, but this inclusion is incorrect. The closest relatives of the budgerigar
The budgerigar ( ; ''Melopsittacus undulatus''), also known as the common parakeet or shell parakeet, is a small, long-tailed, seed-eating parrot usually nicknamed the budgie ( ), or in American English, the parakeet. Budgies are the only spe ...
are the lories and lorikeets
Loriini is a tribe of small to medium-sized arboreal parrots characterized by their specialized brush-tipped tongues for feeding on nectar of various blossoms and soft fruits, preferably berries. The species form a monophyletic group within the ...
. The genera '' Neopsephotus'', ''Neophema
The genus ''Neophema'' is an Australian genus with six or seven species. They are small, basically dull green parrots differentiated by patches of other colours, and are commonly known as grass parrots. The genus has some sexual dichromatism, wi ...
'', and ''Pezoporus
The genus ''Pezoporus'' contains three Australian species: the night parrot (''Pezoporus occidentalis'') and the cryptic ground parrots, the eastern ground parrot (''Pezoporus wallicus'') and the western ground parrot (''Pezoporus flaviventr ...
'' are placed in a separate, but closely related tribe, the Pezoporini
The tribe Pezoporini is the sister clade of the tribe Platycercini that contains the broad-tailed parrots.
Taxonomy
The inclusion of the following taxon is based on the paper by Joseph ''et al.'' (2012).
* Genus '' Neophema''
** Blue-winged pa ...
based on the paper by Joseph et al. (2011)
References
External Links
* {{Authority control