The Brnjica culture ( sr, Брњица, full name: ''Donja Brnjica-Gornja Stražava cultural group'', al, Bërnica e Poshtme kulturë) is an archaeological culture in present-day
Kosovo
Kosovo ( sq, Kosova or ; sr-Cyrl, Косово ), officially the Republic of Kosovo ( sq, Republika e Kosovës, links=no; sr, Република Косово, Republika Kosovo, links=no), is a partially recognised state in Southeast Euro ...
and
Serbia
Serbia (, ; Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe, Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pannonian Bas ...
dating from 1400 BC.
Description
![Rekonstrukcija kuće iz poznog bronzanog doba sa lokaliteta Hisar 02](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Rekonstrukcija_ku%C4%87e_iz_poznog_bronzanog_doba_sa_lokaliteta_Hisar_02.png)
The cultural group formed out of this culture is the Thracian tribe of
Moesi
In Roman literature of the early 1st century CE, the Moesi ( or ; grc, Μοισοί, ''Moisoí'' or Μυσοί, ''Mysoí''; lat, Moesi or ''Moesae'') appear as a Paleo-Balkan people who lived in the region around the River Timok to the south o ...
.
It is also the non-
Illyrian component in the
Dardani
The Dardani (; grc, Δαρδάνιοι, Δάρδανοι; la, Dardani) or Dardanians were a Paleo-Balkan people, who lived in a region that was named Dardania after their settlement there. They were among the oldest Balkan peoples, and their ...
an ethnogenesis.
The culture is characterized by several groups:
* Kosovo with Raska and Pester
* South and West Morava confluence zone
* Leskovac-Nis
* South Morava-Pcinja-Upper Vardar
Brnjica type pottery has been found in Blageovgrad, Plovdiv, and a number of sites in
Pelagonia
Pelagonia ( mk, Пелагонија, Pelagonija; el, Πελαγονíα, Pelagonía) is a geographical region of Macedonia named after the ancient kingdom. Ancient Pelagonia roughly corresponded to the present-day municipalities of Bitola, Pri ...
, Lower Vardar, the island of Thasos and
Thessaly
Thessaly ( el, Θεσσαλία, translit=Thessalía, ; ancient Thessalian: , ) is a traditional geographic and modern administrative region of Greece, comprising most of the ancient region of the same name. Before the Greek Dark Ages, Thes ...
dating to 13th and 12th century BC.
[
]
Sites
Donja Brnjica
The main site of the culture is a necropolis
A necropolis (plural necropolises, necropoles, necropoleis, necropoli) is a large, designed cemetery with elaborate tomb monuments. The name stems from the Ancient Greek ''nekropolis'', literally meaning "city of the dead".
The term usually im ...
at Donja Brnjica, (Albanian
Albanian may refer to:
*Pertaining to Albania in Southeast Europe; in particular:
**Albanians, an ethnic group native to the Balkans
**Albanian language
**Albanian culture
**Demographics of Albania, includes other ethnic groups within the country ...
: ''Bërnica e Poshtme'') near Pristina
Pristina, ; sr, / (, ) is the capital and largest city of Kosovo. The city's municipal boundaries in Pristina District form the largest urban center in Kosovo. After Tirana, Pristina has the second largest population of ethnic Albanians and ...
.
Hisar
Hisar is a multi-periodal settlement at a hill near Leskovac
Leskovac (Serbian Cyrillic alphabet, Serbian Cyrillic: Лесковац, ) is a List of cities in Serbia, city and the administrative center of the Jablanica District in Southern Serbia (Geographical Region), southern Serbia. According to the 202 ...
.
Traces of life of the Brnjica culture (8th century BC) are seen in the plateau that was protected by a deep moat with a palisade on its inner side, a fortification similar to that of another fortification on the Gradac site in Lanište in the Velika Morava
The Great Morava ( sr, Велика Морава, Velika Morava, ) is the final section of the Morava ( sr-Cyrl, Морава), a major river system in Serbia.
Etymology
According to Predrag Komatina from the Institute for Byzantine Studies ...
basin.
A later Iron Age settlement existed at Hisar dating from the 6th century BC until the 4th century BC. Besides Greek fibulae
The fibula or calf bone is a leg bone on the lateral side of the tibia, to which it is connected above and below. It is the smaller of the two bones and, in proportion to its length, the most slender of all the long bones. Its upper extremity is ...
and pottery, Triballi
The Triballi ( grc, Τριβαλλοί, Triballoí, lat, Triballi) were an ancient people who lived in northern Bulgaria in the region of Roman Oescus up to southeastern Serbia, possibly near the territory of the Morava Valley in the late Iron A ...
(Thracian) tombs have been excavated in 2005.Praistorijska kopča
''B92.net'' – info (in Serbian)
References
See also
*
Museum of Kosovo
*
Kingdom of Dardania
The Kingdom of Dardania was a polity formed in the central Balkans in the region of Dardania during classical antiquity. It is named after the Dardani, a Paleo-Balkan tribe which formed its population and formed the core of the Dardanian polity. ...
*
Archaeology of Kosovo
Archaeology or archeology is the scientific study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscapes ...
*
Neolithic sites in Kosovo
This is a description of Neolithic sites in Kosovo. The warm, humid climate of the Holocene which came soon after the ice melting of the last glacial period brought changes in nature which were reflected in humans, flora and fauna. This climatic s ...
*
Roman heritage in Kosovo
The Roman heritage sites in Kosovo represent a multitude of monuments of material and spiritual culture, which reflect the Roman period in this region. Among them, a special place is occupied by those that represent the development of art, such as ...
*
Copper, Bronze and Iron Age sites in Kosovo
Bronze Age cultures of Europe
Archaeological cultures of Southeastern Europe
Archaeological cultures in Greece
Archaeological cultures in Kosovo
Archaeological cultures in North Macedonia
Archaeological cultures in Serbia
Thracian archaeological cultures
Ancient tribes in Serbia
Bronze Age Serbia
Dacian archaeology
Moesia
{{Europe-archaeology-stub