Brest Region or Brest Oblast or Brest Voblasts ( be, Брэ́сцкая во́бласць ''(Bresckaja vobłasć)''; russian: Бре́стская о́бласть (''Brestskaya Oblast)'') is one of the
regions of Belarus
At the top level of administration, Belarus is divided into six ''oblasts'' (''voblasts'' or provinces). The city of Minsk, has a special status as the capital of Belarus. Minsk is also the capital of Minsk Region.administrative center
An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune is located.
In countries with French as administrative language (such as Belgium, Lu ...
is
Brest
Brest may refer to:
Places
*Brest, Belarus
**Brest Region
**Brest Airport
**Brest Fortress
* Brest, Kyustendil Province, Bulgaria
* Břest, Czech Republic
*Brest, France
** Arrondissement of Brest
**Brest Bretagne Airport
** Château de Brest
*Br ...
.
Important cities within the region include:
Brest
Brest may refer to:
Places
*Brest, Belarus
**Brest Region
**Brest Airport
**Brest Fortress
* Brest, Kyustendil Province, Bulgaria
* Břest, Czech Republic
*Brest, France
** Arrondissement of Brest
**Brest Bretagne Airport
** Château de Brest
*Br ...
,
Baranavichy, and
Pinsk
Pinsk ( be, Пі́нск; russian: Пи́нск ; Polish: Pińsk; ) is a city located in the Brest Region of Belarus, in the Polesia region, at the confluence of the Pina River and the Pripyat River. The region was known as the Marsh of Pinsk ...
.
Geography
It is located in the southwestern part of Belarus, bordering the
Podlasie and
Lublin voivodeships of
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populou ...
on the west, the
Volyn Oblast
Volyn Oblast ( uk, Воли́нська о́бласть, translit=Volýnsʹka óblastʹ; also referred to as Volyn or Lodomeria) is an oblast (province) in northwestern Ukraine. Its administrative centre is Lutsk. Kovel is the westernmost town ...
and
Rivne Oblast
Rivne Oblast ( uk, Рі́вненська о́бласть, translit=Rivnenska oblast), also referred to as Rivnenshchyna ( uk, Рі́вненщина) is an oblast (province) of Ukraine. Its administrative center is Rivne. The surface area of th ...
of
Ukraine
Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...
on the south, the
Grodno Region
Grodno Region ( pl, Grodzieńszczyzna) or Grodno Oblast or Hrodna Voblasts ( be, Гродзенская вобласць, ''Hrodzienskaja vobłasć'', , ''Haradzienščyna''; russian: Гродненская область, ''Grodnenskaya oblast' ...
and
Minsk Region
Minsk Region or Minsk Oblast or Minsk Voblasts ( be, Мі́нская во́бласць, ''Minskaja voblasć'' ; russian: Минская о́бласть, ''Minskaya oblast'') is one of the regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is Minsk ...
on the north, and
Gomel Region
Gomel Region or Gomel Oblast or Homiel Voblasts ( be, Го́мельская во́бласць, Homielskaja vobłasć, russian: Гомельская область, Gomelskaya oblast) is one of the regions of Belarus. Its administrative center i ...
on the east. The region covers a total area of 32,800 km²,
about 15.7% of the national total.
Kamenets District of Brest Region in few kilometers to the South-West from Vysokaye town on the
Bug River
uk, Західний Буг be, Захо́дні Буг
, name_etymology =
, image = Wyszkow_Bug.jpg
, image_size = 250
, image_caption = Bug River in the vicinity of Wyszków, Poland
, map = Vi ...
the western extreme point of Belarus is situated. 2.7% of the territory are covered with
, 9.8% are covered with 17 wildlife preserves of national importance.
It is often dubbed the ''Western gateway'' to
Belarus
Belarus,, , ; alternatively and formerly known as Byelorussia (from Russian ). officially the Republic of Belarus,; rus, Республика Беларусь, Respublika Belarus. is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by ...
. Geographically, the Brest Region belongs to the area known as
Polesia
Polesia, Polesie, or Polesye, uk, Полісся (Polissia), pl, Polesie, russian: Полесье (Polesye) is a natural and historical region that starts from the farthest edge of Central Europe and encompasses Eastern Europe, including East ...
. The area of the region was part of the
Second Polish Republic from 1921 until 1939 largely as the
Polesie Voivodeship
Polesie Voivodeship ( pl, województwo poleskie) was an administrative unit of interwar Poland (1918–1939), named after the historical region of Polesia. It was created by the Council of Ministers of the Second Polish Republic on February 19, 1 ...
, when it was joined to the
Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. Northeastern part of it was administrated as part of
Nowogrodek Voivodeship.
Demographics
The Brest Region has a population of 1,380,391,
about 14,7% of the national total. About 47.2% of the region's population are men, and the remaining 52.8% are women. Number of inhabitants per 1 km2 is 43.
Share of urban population is increasing continuously since the 1950s (17.1% in 1950, 70.5% in 2017).
Of the major nationalities living in the Brest Region, 1,262,600 are
Belarusians (85%), 128,700 (8.6%) are
Russians
, native_name_lang = ru
, image =
, caption =
, population =
, popplace =
118 million Russians in the Russian Federation (2002 '' Winkler Prins'' estimate)
, region1 =
, pop1 ...
, 57,100 (3.8%) are
Ukrainians
Ukrainians ( uk, Українці, Ukraintsi, ) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine. They are the seventh-largest nation in Europe. The native language of the Ukrainians is Ukrainian. The majority of Ukrainians are Eastern Ort ...
, and 27,100 (1.8%) are
Poles
Poles,, ; singular masculine: ''Polak'', singular feminine: ''Polka'' or Polish people, are a West Slavic nation and ethnic group, who share a common history, culture, the Polish language and are identified with the country of Poland in C ...
. 53.7% of the population speak
Belarusian and 42.6% speak
Russian
Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including:
*Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries
*Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...
as their native language.
Brest is the province with the highest birth rate in all of Belarus. As of 2008, the birth rate was 12.0 per 1000 and death rate was 13.4 per 1000. In 2017, 12.4% of live births were to unmarried women (average in Belarus — 18.1%).
[Демографический ежегодник Республики Беларусь. Статистический сборник. Минск, 2018]
С. 266.
As of 2018, share of the population under working age was 19.3% (average in Belarus — 17.9%), of working age — 55.7% (average in Belarus — 57.2%), over working age — 25% (average in Belarus — 25.1%).
In 2015—2017, the region had a positive
net migration rate
Net or net may refer to:
Mathematics and physics
* Net (mathematics), a filter-like topological generalization of a sequence
* Net, a linear system of divisors of dimension 2
* Net (polyhedron), an arrangement of polygons that can be folded up ...
for international migration (+3,209 in 2015, +1,771 in 2016, +1,357 in 2017) and negative — for internal migration (-6,294 in 2015, -3,659 in 2016, -1,836 in 2017). In 2017, 6,944 people which departed from the Brest Region arrived in Minsk, 2,219 — in the Minsk Region, 2,118 — in the Hrodna Region, less than 1,000 — in every other region.
Belarusians in Bresckaja voblasć, Belarus (2009 census).png, Belarusians in the region
Russians in Bresckaja voblasć, Belarus (2009 census).png, Russians in the region
Ukrainians in Bresckaja voblasć, Belarus (2009 census).png, Ukrainians in the region
Poles in Bresckaja voblasć, Belarus (2009 census).png, Poles in the region
Birth rate in Bresckaja voblasć, Belarus (2017, by districts).png, Birth rates by districts and major cities (2017)
Mortality rate in Bresckaja voblasć, Belarus (2017, by districts).png, Mortality rates by districts and major cities (2017)
Administrative territorial entities
The region was formed in 1939 after reunification of
Western Belarus
Western Belorussia or Western Belarus ( be, Заходняя Беларусь, translit=Zachodniaja Bielaruś; pl, Zachodnia Białoruś; russian: Западная Белоруссия, translit=Zapadnaya Belorussiya) is a historical region of mod ...
and the
Byelorussian SSR. Today it comprises 16
districts (
raions
A raion (also spelt rayon) is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet states. The term is used for both a type of subnational entity and a division of a city. The word is from the French (meaning 'honeycomb, department'), and is co ...
), 225 rural councils (
selsoviets), 20 cities, 5 city municipalities, 9
urban-type settlement
Urban-type settlementrussian: посёлок городско́го ти́па, translit=posyolok gorodskogo tipa, abbreviated: russian: п.г.т., translit=p.g.t.; ua, селище міського типу, translit=selyshche mis'koho typu, ab ...
s, and 2178 villages.
Districts of Brest Region
The sixteen
raion
A raion (also spelt rayon) is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet states. The term is used for both a type of subnational entity and a division of a city. The word is from the French (meaning 'honeycomb, department'), and is co ...
s (
district
A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or county, counties, several municipality, municipa ...
s) of the Brest Region are:
*
Baranavichy District
*
Brest District
*
Byaroza District
*
Drahichyn District
*
Hantsavichy District
*
Ivanava District
*
Ivatsevichy District
*
Kamenets District
Kamenets District ( be, Камянецкі раён, russian: Каменецкий район) is a district (raion) of Brest Region, in Belarus. Its administrative center is Kamenets.
Geography
In Kamenets District in few kilometers to the Sou ...
*
Kobryn District
Kobryn District ( be, Кобрынскі раён, russian: Кобринский район) is an administrative subdivision, a raion of Brest Region, in Belarus. Its administrative center is Kobryn. There are 162 settlements in the district, ...
*
Luninets District
Luninets District is an administrative subdivision, a raion of Brest Region, in Belarus. The district seat is Luninets.
Demographics
At the time of the Belarus Census (2009), Luninets District had a population of 73,200. Of these, 96.2% were of ...
*
Lyakhavichy District
*
Malaryta District
*
Pinsk District
Pinsk District is an administrative subdivision, a raion of Brest Region, in Belarus. Its administrative center is Pinsk.
Demographics
At the time of the Belarus Census (2009), Pinsk District had a population of 51,997. Of these, 92.2% were of ...
*
Pruzhany District
*
Stolin District
*
Zhabinka District
Zhabinka District is a district (raion) of Brest Region, in Belarus. Its administrative center is Zhabinka. Administratively, the district is divided into 7 rural councils. It is the smallest district in the country by area.
History
Zhabinka D ...
Cities and towns
Tourism
There are about 70 travel agencies in Brest Region, most of them provide both agent and operator activities.
Main tourist attractions in the region are
Belovezhskaya Puscha and
Brest Fortress.
File:BrestFortress7.JPG, Brest Fortress.
File:Kosaŭskі palac, 2016 2.jpg, Palace in Kosava.
File:Monument to Kosciuszko, Belarus.jpg, Tadeusz Kościuszko
Andrzej Tadeusz Bonawentura Kościuszko ( be, Andréj Tadévuš Banavientúra Kasciúška, en, Andrew Thaddeus Bonaventure Kosciuszko; 4 or 12 February 174615 October 1817) was a Polish military engineer, statesman, and military leader who ...
birthplace in Mieračoŭščyna.
File:Tower of Kamyanets.jpg, The Kamianiec Tower.
File:Цэнтр Пінска 12.jpg, The Jesuit Collegium in Pinsk
Pinsk ( be, Пі́нск; russian: Пи́нск ; Polish: Pińsk; ) is a city located in the Brest Region of Belarus, in the Polesia region, at the confluence of the Pina River and the Pripyat River. The region was known as the Marsh of Pinsk ...
.
Economy
As of 2017, the industrial output of the region amounted to (~US$5,300 million), or 11.2% of the Belarusian industrial output.
Food industry is the leading economy sphere in the region (47.6% of the region's industrial output). The biggest industrial plants in the region are "Savushkin produkt" (dairy products), "Santa Bremor" (fish products), Brestgazoapparat (gas equipment, including "Gefest" cookers; all three are situated in
Brest
Brest may refer to:
Places
*Brest, Belarus
**Brest Region
**Brest Airport
**Brest Fortress
* Brest, Kyustendil Province, Bulgaria
* Břest, Czech Republic
*Brest, France
** Arrondissement of Brest
**Brest Bretagne Airport
** Château de Brest
*Br ...
), "Pinskdrev" in
Pinsk
Pinsk ( be, Пі́нск; russian: Пи́нск ; Polish: Pińsk; ) is a city located in the Brest Region of Belarus, in the Polesia region, at the confluence of the Pina River and the Pripyat River. The region was known as the Marsh of Pinsk ...
(furniture, matches and other wood products), "Polesie" in
Kobryn
Kobryn ( be, Кобрын; russian: Кобрин; pl, Kobryń; lt, Kobrynas; uk, Кобринь, Kobryn'; yi, קאָברין) is a city in the Brest Region of Belarus and the center of the Kobryn District. The city is located in the southwest ...
(toys and plastic products). Other major factories are machine tool plant "Atlant", cotton factory, military jet fighters repair plant (all three are situated in
Baranavichy (Baranovichi)), sugar plant in
Zhabinka, "Polesie" textile and garment factory in
Pinsk
Pinsk ( be, Пі́нск; russian: Пи́нск ; Polish: Pińsk; ) is a city located in the Brest Region of Belarus, in the Polesia region, at the confluence of the Pina River and the Pripyat River. The region was known as the Marsh of Pinsk ...
, "Ivacevichidrev" wood products plant in
Ivacevichi, "Granite" quarry in
Mikashevichi, "Belsolod"
malt factory in
Ivanava
Ivanava ( be, Іванава, russian: Иваново, pl, Janów Poleski, he, יאנוב/ינוב על יד פינסק) is a city in the Brest Region of Belarus, an administrative center of the Ivanava district.
History
First mentioned in the ...
(the only such plant in Belarus).
[Промышленность]
Food factories in the region produced 153.9 thousand tons of meat and offal in 2017, 90 thousand tons of sausage products, 29.7 thousand tons of meat semi-finished products, 71.8 tons of fish and semi-finished products (including canned fish), 551.9 thousand tons of whole milk products, 47.2 thousand tons of
cottage cheese
Cottage cheese is a curdled milk product with a mild flavor and a creamy, non-homogeneous, soupy texture. It is made from skimmed milk by draining the cheese, as opposed to pressing it to make cheese curd—retaining some of the whey and keep ...
, 66.1 thousand tons of
cheese, 21.3 thousand tons of
butter
Butter is a dairy product made from the fat and protein components of churned cream. It is a semi-solid emulsion at room temperature, consisting of approximately 80% butterfat. It is used at room temperature as a spread, melted as a condimen ...
, 108.2 thousand tons of flour, 2.5 million
decalitre
The litre (international spelling) or liter (American English spelling) (SI symbols L and l, other symbol used: ℓ) is a metric units, metric unit of volume. It is equal to 1 cubic decimetre (dm3), 1000 cubic centimetres (cm3) or 0.001 cubi ...
s of
beer
Beer is one of the oldest and the most widely consumed type of alcoholic drink in the world, and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea. It is produced by the brewing and fermentation of starches, mainly derived from ce ...
and 4.3 million decalitres of distilled alcoholic beverages. Textile and garment factories produced 56,361 thousand m
2 of fabrics in 2017, 994 thousand m
2 of carpets, 5.9 million pieces of all types of knitwear, 1.9 million pieces of outerwear (except knitwear), 28.4 million pairs of socks and similar hosiery, 623 thousand shoes. Electrical plants in the region produced 242.2 thousand electric engines (alternating current), 4800 transformers, 899 thousand lamps. Brest lamp factory is producing
incandescent light bulb
An incandescent light bulb, incandescent lamp or incandescent light globe is an electric light with a wire filament heated until it glows. The filament is enclosed in a glass bulb with a vacuum or inert gas to protect the filament from oxid ...
s, 2 factories are engaged in production of
diodes and
printed circuit boards.
Byarozaŭskaja (Berezovskaya) thermal power plant in
Byaroza District is one of the biggest power plants in Belarus (1095
MW, 4.8
GW·h
A kilowatt-hour ( unit symbol: kW⋅h or kW h; commonly written as kWh) is a unit of energy: one kilowatt of power for one hour. In terms of SI derived units with special names, it equals 3.6 megajoules (MJ). Kilowatt-hours are a common bi ...
annually). As of 2018, it had 4 power generating units with
combined cycle gas turbines.
As of 2017, total cultivated area in the region was 930,000
hectare
The hectare (; SI symbol: ha) is a non-SI metric unit of area equal to a square with 100- metre sides (1 hm2), or 10,000 m2, and is primarily used in the measurement of land. There are 100 hectares in one square kilometre. An acre is ...
s, including 844,400 hectares of land used by agricultural organizations (mainly state-owned), 17,900 hectares — by the registered farmers, and 67,700 hectares — by personal farms of the population. 383,800 hectares of fields were used to grow
cereals, 52,800 —
rapeseed
Rapeseed (''Brassica napus ''subsp.'' napus''), also known as rape, or oilseed rape, is a bright-yellow flowering member of the family Brassicaceae (mustard or cabbage family), cultivated mainly for its oil-rich seed, which naturally contains a ...
s, 21,800 —
sugar beets, 5,700 —
flax, 56,300 —
potato
The potato is a starchy food, a tuber of the plant ''Solanum tuberosum'' and is a root vegetable native to the Americas. The plant is a perennial in the nightshade family Solanaceae.
Wild potato species can be found from the southern Unit ...
es, 12,700 —
vegetable
Vegetables are parts of plants that are consumed by humans or other animals as food. The original meaning is still commonly used and is applied to plants collectively to refer to all edible plant matter, including the flowers, fruits, stems, ...
s, 392,800 — feed crops. Big agricultural organizations harvest almost all cereals, flax, sugar beets, rapeseeds and feed crops, while farmers (both registered and not) harvest more than 90% of potatoes (1,144,400 tons of 1,266,200 in the region) and vegetables (409,400 tons of 439,200 in the region). Average
cereal yield in the region in 2017 was 3,480 kg per
hectare
The hectare (; SI symbol: ha) is a non-SI metric unit of area equal to a square with 100- metre sides (1 hm2), or 10,000 m2, and is primarily used in the measurement of land. There are 100 hectares in one square kilometre. An acre is ...
(average in Belarus — 3,330),
sugar beet yield — 43,900 kg per hectare (average in Belarus — 49,900),
flax fiber yield — 1,160 kg per hectare (average in Belarus — 920). Due to warm mild climate and personal activity, the region leads in the production of many fruits, vegetables and berries in Belarus. Several villages are widely known as a "cucumber capital", "strawberry capital", "carrot capital", etc.
As of 2018, agricultural organizations and farmers kept 861,600 cattle (including 301,100 cows), 491,100 pigs, 10,000 horses, 19,500 sheep, 7,605,000 poultry. In 2017, all types of farms in the region produced 218,700 tons of livestock and poultry meat (in slaughter weight), 1,605,000 tons of milk (second place among the regions of Belarus) and 606.8 million eggs (second place).
See also
*
Subdivisions of Belarus
*
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populou ...
’s
Polesie Voivodeship
Polesie Voivodeship ( pl, województwo poleskie) was an administrative unit of interwar Poland (1918–1939), named after the historical region of Polesia. It was created by the Council of Ministers of the Second Polish Republic on February 19, 1 ...
(1921–1939)
*
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populou ...
’s
Nowogrodek Voivodeship (1919-1939)
References
External links
Brest Regional Executive Committee
{{coord, 52, 22, 57, N, 25, 11, 59, E, region:BY-BR_type:adm1st_source:kolossus-dewiki, display=title
Regions of Belarus
States and territories established in 1939