The Museum Biberach is a
museum
A museum ( ; plural museums or, rarely, musea) is a building or institution that cares for and displays a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance. Many public museums make these ...
with several sections in
Biberach an der Riss Biberach may refer to:
*Biberach an der Riß, a town in Upper Swabia, Germany
*Biberach (district), which has Biberach an der Riß as its capital
*Biberach, Baden, a municipality in the ''Ortenaukreis'', Germany
*Biberach is a part of Roggenburg, B ...
in
Upper Swabia
Upper Swabia (german: Oberschwaben or ) is a region in Germany in the federal states of Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria.''Brockhaus Enzyklopädie.'' 19. Auflage. Band 16, 1991, p. 72. The name refers to the area between the Sw ...
. The museum resides in one of the oldest and biggest buildings from the 16th century in this city. It belongs to the considerable collections in Baden-Württemberg.
On 2.800 square meters it presents archaeology, history, art and natural history. Models, all sorts of installations, and computer animations explain the origin and settlement of the Upper Swabian landscape. The collections reveal the life and the terms of employment of the people, such as the notable weaving in the town since the 17th century. Prominent pieces of art from former times until the present enrich the knowledge of the visitors.
The
art-historical division gathers key works of art of the Upper Swabian region and the important works of the
German expressionist
German Expressionism () consisted of several related creative movements in Germany before the First World War that reached a peak in Berlin during the 1920s. These developments were part of a larger Expressionist movement in north and central ...
Ernst Ludwig Kirchner
Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (6 May 1880 – 15 June 1938) was a German expressionist painter and printmaker and one of the founders of the artists group Die Brücke or "The Bridge", a key group leading to the foundation of Expressionism in 20th-centur ...
.
History
Since 1898 numerous founders and sponsors laid the basis for a Biberach civil museum which was opened in 1902 in the historical rooms of the hospital to the
Holy Ghost
For the majority of Christian denominations, the Holy Spirit, or Holy Ghost, is believed to be the third person of the Trinity, a Triune God manifested as God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit, each entity itself being God.Grud ...
(german: Hospital zum Heiligen Geist).
![Braithmuseum](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Braithmuseum.jpg)
A legacy from the
Munich
Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the States of Germany, German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the List of cities in Germany by popu ...
painters
Anton Braith
Anton Braith (2 September 1836 – 3 January 1905) was a German landscape and animal painter. He was also a professor at the Academy of Fine Arts Munich
Life
Braith was born in Biberach an der Riß. His father was a day-laborer who later beca ...
(a Biberachian by birth, 18361905) and
Christian Mali
Christian Friedrich Mali (6 October 1832, Darthuizen (near Utrecht) – 1 October 1906, Munich) was a German painter and art professor. His older brother, Johannes Cornelis Jacobus Mali (1828–1865) was also a painter.
Life
Mali was the youn ...
(18321906) in the years 19051908 bequeathed their representative and richly equipped
atelier
An atelier () is the private workshop or studio of a professional artist in the fine or decorative arts or an architect, where a principal master and a number of assistants, students, and apprentices can work together producing fine art or v ...
rooms to the museum. Today the Braith Mali drawing rooms are the only completely preserved artist's studios from the 19th century.
Collections
The museum encloses the divisions:
#Natural history with realistically formed
biotope
A biotope is an area of uniform environmental conditions providing a living place for a specific assemblage of plants and animals. ''Biotope'' is almost synonymous with the term "habitat", which is more commonly used in English-speaking countrie ...
s.
#Archaeology of Upper Swabia (among other the collection of the Biberach dentist and pioneering archaeologist ''Heinrich Forschner'' (1880–1959)). Exhibits document the settlement of Upper Swabia back to the ages of
Celts
The Celts (, see pronunciation for different usages) or Celtic peoples () are. "CELTS location: Greater Europe time period: Second millennium B.C.E. to present ancestry: Celtic a collection of Indo-European peoples. "The Celts, an ancien ...
,
ancient Romans
In modern historiography, ancient Rome refers to Roman people, Roman civilisation from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. It encompasses the Roman Kingdom ...
and
Alemanni
The Alemanni or Alamanni, were a confederation of Germanic tribes
*
*
*
on the Upper Rhine River. First mentioned by Cassius Dio in the context of the campaign of Caracalla of 213, the Alemanni captured the in 260, and later expanded into pres ...
as far as to the
Bronze Age
The Bronze Age is a historic period, lasting approximately from 3300 BC to 1200 BC, characterized by the use of bronze, the presence of writing in some areas, and other early features of urban civilization. The Bronze Age is the second pri ...
and
Stone Age
The Stone Age was a broad prehistoric period during which stone was widely used to make tools with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface. The period lasted for roughly 3.4 million years, and ended between 4,000 BC and 2,000 BC, with t ...
13,000 years ago.
This collection encloses about 22,000 finds from more than 300 usually Upper Swabian sites.
#
Gothic art
Gothic art was a style of medieval art that developed in Northern France out of Romanesque art in the 12th century AD, led by the concurrent development of Gothic architecture. It spread to all of Western Europe, and much of Northern, Southern and ...
#Art from the 17th to the 19th century (with works from
Johann Heinrich Schönfeld and
Johann Baptist Pflug as well as the painter's family of ''Pieter Francis Peters'' (18181903) from
Stuttgart
Stuttgart (; Swabian: ; ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the Neckar river in a fertile valley known as the ''Stuttgarter Kessel'' (Stuttgart Cauldron) and lies an hour from the ...
).
#Historical artist's studios of the animal painters Anton Braith and Christian Mali from the 19th century.
#Gallery of the
modernist art
Modern art includes artistic work produced during the period extending roughly from the 1860s to the 1970s, and denotes the styles and philosophies of the art produced during that era. The term is usually associated with art in which the trad ...
with works from ''Jakob Bräckle'' (including his studio), ''Julius Kaesdorf'', ''Romane Holderried Kaesdorf'' and paintings and graphics from Ernst Ludwig Kirchner.
#History of the
Free Imperial City
In the Holy Roman Empire, the collective term free and imperial cities (german: Freie und Reichsstädte), briefly worded free imperial city (', la, urbs imperialis libera), was used from the fifteenth century to denote a self-ruling city that ...
of Biberach, under it
tin toy
''Tin Toy'' is a 1988 American computer-animated short film produced by Pixar and directed by John Lasseter. The short film, which runs five minutes, stars Tinny, a tin one-man band toy, attempting to escape from Billy, an infant. The third sho ...
s from the probable oldest manufacturer ''Rock & Graner''.
An information point in the stairwell presents designer ''Heinz H. Engler''.
A 3-D model of the city of Biberach in the ground floor can be visited without admission fee and is also shown on town guidances.
)?
, File:Brakteaten Biberach um 1220 BMM.jpg ,
alt2=Bracteates
,
Bracteate
A bracteate (from the Latin ''bractea'', a thin piece of metal) is a flat, thin, single-sided gold medal worn as jewelry that was produced in Northern Europe predominantly during the Migration Period of the Germanic Iron Age (including the Vende ...
s, Biberach c. 1220
, File:Weckmann (Werkstatt) Petrus und Paulus BMM.jpg ,
alt3=Apostles Petrus & Paulus
, Workshop of
Niklaus Weckmann: Apostles Petrus & Paulus, lime wood,
Ulm
Ulm () is a city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg, situated on the river Danube on the border with Bavaria. The city, which has an estimated population of more than 126,000 (2018), forms an urban district of its own (german: link=no, ...
, c. 1500
, File:Venezianischer Glaskelch 16 Jh Biberach BMM.jpg ,
alt4=Goblet, Venetian glass, 16. Jh.
, Goblet, Venetian glass, 16th century, latrine find
, File:Spardose 16 Jh Biberach BMM.jpg ,
alt5=Piggy bank
,
Piggy bank
Piggy bank (sometimes penny bank or money box) is the traditional name of a coin container normally used by children. The piggy bank is known to collectors as a "still bank" as opposed to the "mechanical banks" popular in the early 20th century ...
from the 2nd half 16th century, probably a mascot
, File:Schönfeld Die Plünderer um1635 BMM.jpg ,
alt6=Johann Heinrich Schoenfeld: the Plunderers
,
Johann Heinrich Schönfeld: ''The
Plunder
Looting is the act of stealing, or the taking of goods by force, typically in the midst of a military, political, or other social crisis, such as war, natural disasters (where law and civil enforcement are temporarily ineffective), or rioting. ...
ers'', oil on canvas, around 1635
, File:Französische Soldaten vor Biberach.jpg ,
alt7=Painting French soldiers in front of Biberach
, Johann Sebastian Dürr: ''French soldiers in front of Biberach'',
gouache
Gouache (; ), body color, or opaque watercolor is a water-medium paint consisting of natural pigment, water, a binding agent (usually gum arabic or dextrin), and sometimes additional inert material. Gouache is designed to be opaque. Gouache h ...
, c. 1800 (see
Battle of Biberach (1800)
The Battle of Biberach on 9 May 1800 saw a French First Republic corps under Laurent Gouvion Saint-Cyr engage part of a Habsburg Austrian army led by Pál Kray. After an engagement in which the Austrians suffered twice as many casualties as ...
)
, File:Braithatelier.jpg ,
alt8=Atelier of Anton Braith
, Historical studio of the painter
Anton Braith
Anton Braith (2 September 1836 – 3 January 1905) was a German landscape and animal painter. He was also a professor at the Academy of Fine Arts Munich
Life
Braith was born in Biberach an der Riß. His father was a day-laborer who later beca ...
, 19th century
, File:Lokomotive Rock und Graner Biberach um1900 BMM.jpg ,
alt9=Locomotive from ''Rock & Graner''
, Tin toy from ''Rock & Graner'', around 1900
, File:Maliviehmarkt.jpg ,
alt10=Painting by Mali, Winter evening after the cattle market
,
Christian Mali
Christian Friedrich Mali (6 October 1832, Darthuizen (near Utrecht) – 1 October 1906, Munich) was a German painter and art professor. His older brother, Johannes Cornelis Jacobus Mali (1828–1865) was also a painter.
Life
Mali was the youn ...
: ''Winter evening after the cattle market'', oil on canvas, 1904, detail
, File:Ernst Ludwig Kirchner - Knabe mit Schleuderpfeil - Jäger im Wald - ca 1928.jpg ,
alt11=Painting by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner: Boy with arrow
,
Ernst Ludwig Kirchner
Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (6 May 1880 – 15 June 1938) was a German expressionist painter and printmaker and one of the founders of the artists group Die Brücke or "The Bridge", a key group leading to the foundation of Expressionism in 20th-centur ...
: ''Boy with arrow (Hunter in the wood)'', water colour, 33,4 x 26,9 cm, 1928
, File:Engler-geschirr.jpg ,
alt12=Dishes
, Dishes "B 1100", Heinz H. Engler
Literature
*
See also
*
List of museums in Germany
Notes
{{Authority control
Museums in Baden-Württemberg
Biberach an der Riss