Bradley M. Kuhn (born 1973) is a
free software
Free software or libre software is computer software distributed under terms that allow users to run the software for any purpose as well as to study, change, and distribute it and any adapted versions. Free software is a matter of liberty, no ...
activist from the
United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...
.
Kuhn is currently Policy Fellow and Hacker-in-Residence of the
Software Freedom Conservancy
Software Freedom Conservancy, Inc. is an organization that provides a non-profit home and infrastructure support for free and open source software projects. The organization was established in 2006, and as of June 2022, had over 40 member pro ...
, having previously been
executive director.
Until 2010 he was the FLOSS Community Liaison and Technology Director of the
Software Freedom Law Center
The Software Freedom Law Center (SFLC) is an organization that provides ''pro bono'' legal representation and related services to not-for-profit developers of free software/open source software. It was launched in February 2005 with Eben Moglen a ...
(SFLC). He previously served as the Executive Director of
Free Software Foundation
The Free Software Foundation (FSF) is a 501(c)#501(c)(3), 501(c)(3) non-profit organization founded by Richard Stallman on October 4, 1985, to support the free software movement, with the organization's preference for software being distributed ...
(FSF) from 2001 until March 2005. He was elected to the FSF's board of directors in March 2010.
He is best known for his efforts in GPL enforcement, both at FSF and SFLC, as the creator of FSF's ''license list'', and as original author of the
Affero General Public License. He has long been a proponent for non-profit structures for FLOSS development, and leads efforts in this direction through the Software Freedom Conservancy. He is a recipient of the 2012
O'Reilly Open Source Award
The O'Reilly Media, O'Reilly Open Source Award is presented to individuals for dedication, innovation, leadership and outstanding contribution to Open-source model, open source. From 2005 to 2009 the award was known as the Google–O'Reilly Media, ...
.
Academia and early career
Kuhn attended
Loyola Blakefield
Loyola Blakefield is a private Catholic, college preparatory school run by the USA East Province of the Society of Jesus in Towson, Maryland and within the Archdiocese of Baltimore. It was established in 1852 by the Jesuits as an all-boys school f ...
, followed by
Loyola College in Maryland, graduating in May 1995 with a
summa cum laude
Latin honors are a system of Latin phrases used in some colleges and universities to indicate the level of distinction with which an academic degree has been earned. The system is primarily used in the United States. It is also used in some Sou ...
Bachelor of Science
A Bachelor of Science (BS, BSc, SB, or ScB; from the Latin ') is a bachelor's degree awarded for programs that generally last three to five years.
The first university to admit a student to the degree of Bachelor of Science was the University of ...
in
Computer Science
Computer science is the study of computation, automation, and information. Computer science spans theoretical disciplines (such as algorithms, theory of computation, information theory, and automation) to Applied science, practical discipli ...
.
Kuhn attended graduate school in
Computer Science
Computer science is the study of computation, automation, and information. Computer science spans theoretical disciplines (such as algorithms, theory of computation, information theory, and automation) to Applied science, practical discipli ...
at the
University of Cincinnati
The University of Cincinnati (UC or Cincinnati) is a public research university in Cincinnati, Ohio. Founded in 1819 as Cincinnati College, it is the oldest institution of higher education in Cincinnati and has an annual enrollment of over 44,00 ...
and received a Master of Science degree in 2001 under the direction of his graduate advisor John Franco.
Kuhn received a
USENIX student grant scholarship for his thesis work, which focused on dynamic interoperability of
free software
Free software or libre software is computer software distributed under terms that allow users to run the software for any purpose as well as to study, change, and distribute it and any adapted versions. Free software is a matter of liberty, no ...
languages, using a port of
Perl
Perl is a family of two high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming languages. "Perl" refers to Perl 5, but from 2000 to 2019 it also referred to its redesigned "sister language", Perl 6, before the latter's name was offici ...
to the
Java Virtual Machine
A Java virtual machine (JVM) is a virtual machine that enables a computer to run Java programs as well as programs written in other languages that are also compiled to Java bytecode. The JVM is detailed by a specification that formally describes ...
as an example.
Larry Wall served on Kuhn's
thesis committee
A thesis ( : theses), or dissertation (abbreviated diss.), is a document submitted in support of candidature for an academic degree or professional qualification presenting the author's research and findings.International Standard ISO 7144: ...
. Kuhn's thesis showed various problems regarding the use of stack-based
virtual machine
In computing, a virtual machine (VM) is the virtualization/emulation of a computer system. Virtual machines are based on computer architectures and provide functionality of a physical computer. Their implementations may involve specialized hardw ...
s for Perl, and this discovery
became part of the justification for the launch of the
Parrot project.
Kuhn was an active participant in the Perl6 RFC Process, and headed the perl6-licensing committee during the process. The RFCs on licensing were all written by him.
Kuhn taught
AP Computer Science
Computer science is the study of computation, automation, and information. Computer science spans theoretical disciplines (such as algorithms, theory of computation, information theory, and automation) to Applied science, practical discipli ...
at
Walnut Hills High School
, streetaddress = 3250 Victory Parkway
, city = Cincinnati
, state = Ohio
, zipcode = 45207
, country = United States
, coordinates =
, type ...
for the 1998–1999 academic year, using a Linux-based lab built by the students themselves.
Kuhn volunteered for the
Free Software Foundation
The Free Software Foundation (FSF) is a 501(c)#501(c)(3), 501(c)(3) non-profit organization founded by Richard Stallman on October 4, 1985, to support the free software movement, with the organization's preference for software being distributed ...
throughout graduate school, and was hired part-time as
Richard Stallman
Richard Matthew Stallman (; born March 16, 1953), also known by his initials, rms, is an American free software movement activist and programmer. He campaigns for software to be distributed in such a manner that its users have the freedom to ...
's assistant in January 2000. Kuhn is seen posting to lists in his professional capacity around this time. During his early employment at the FSF, Kuhn suggested the creation of and maintained the FSF ''license list'' page, and argued against
license proliferation
License proliferation is the phenomenon of an abundance of already existing and the continued creation of new software licenses for software and software packages in the FOSS ecosystem. License proliferation affects the whole FOSS ecosystem neg ...
.
Kuhn was also an early and active member of the Cincinnati Linux User Group during this period, serving on its board of directors in 1998 and giving numerous presentations.
Non-profit career
Bradley Kuhn's computer science career briefly involved proprietary software development after high school. His sour experience in this area was one of his motivations for sticking with a career in non-profit work. Since graduate school, Kuhn has worked only for non-profits. He was hired full-time to work at the FSF in late 2000, and was promoted to
executive director in March 2001. Kuhn launched FSF's Associate Membership campaign, formalized its
GNU General Public License
The GNU General Public License (GNU GPL or simply GPL) is a series of widely used free software licenses that guarantee end users the Four Freedoms (Free software), four freedoms to run, study, share, and modify the software. The license was th ...
(GPL) enforcement efforts into the ''GPL Compliance Labs'', led FSF's response to the SCO lawsuit,
authored the Affero clause of the original version of the AGPL, and taught numerous
CLE classes for lawyers on the
GPL
The GNU General Public License (GNU GPL or simply GPL) is a series of widely used free software licenses that guarantee end users the four freedoms to run, study, share, and modify the software. The license was the first copyleft for general us ...
.
Kuhn left the FSF in March 2005 to join the founding team of the
Software Freedom Law Center
The Software Freedom Law Center (SFLC) is an organization that provides ''pro bono'' legal representation and related services to not-for-profit developers of free software/open source software. It was launched in February 2005 with Eben Moglen a ...
with
Eben Moglen and
Daniel Ravicher, and subsequently established the
Software Freedom Conservancy
Software Freedom Conservancy, Inc. is an organization that provides a non-profit home and infrastructure support for free and open source software projects. The organization was established in 2006, and as of June 2022, had over 40 member pro ...
in April 2006.
At both the FSF and SFLC, Kuhn has been involved with all the major efforts in the United States to enforce the
GPL
The GNU General Public License (GNU GPL or simply GPL) is a series of widely used free software licenses that guarantee end users the four freedoms to run, study, share, and modify the software. The license was the first copyleft for general us ...
. At SFLC, he assisted Eben Moglen, Richard Stallman, and
Richard Fontana in the drafting of the GPLv3, and managed the production of the software system for the GPLv3 Comment Process, called
stet. He advocated strongly for inclusion of the Affero clause in GPLv3, and then assisted with the production of the
AGPLv3 after the FSF decided to write a separate Affero version of GPLv3.
Prior to 2010 Kuhn was FLOSS Community Liaison and Technical Director of the
Software Freedom Law Center
The Software Freedom Law Center (SFLC) is an organization that provides ''pro bono'' legal representation and related services to not-for-profit developers of free software/open source software. It was launched in February 2005 with Eben Moglen a ...
and was president of the
Software Freedom Conservancy
Software Freedom Conservancy, Inc. is an organization that provides a non-profit home and infrastructure support for free and open source software projects. The organization was established in 2006, and as of June 2022, had over 40 member pro ...
. In October 2010 he became the Conservancy's first Executive Director.
After leadership change he now serves as president and Distinguished Technologist, while
Karen Sandler holds the Executive Director position
In 2010 Kuhn founded the
Replicant
A replicant is a fictional bioengineered humanoid featured in the 1982 film ''Blade Runner'' and the 2017 sequel '' Blade Runner 2049'' which is physically indistinguishable from an adult human and often possesses superhuman strength and intel ...
project together with Aaron Williamson, Graziano Sorbaioli and Denis ‘GNUtoo’ Carikli, aiming at replacing proprietary
Android
Android may refer to:
Science and technology
* Android (robot), a humanoid robot or synthetic organism designed to imitate a human
* Android (operating system), Google's mobile operating system
** Bugdroid, a Google mascot sometimes referred to ...
components with free software counterparts. Kuhn is in fact the Registrant of the Replicant.us domain.
Since October 2010 Kuhn has co-hosted, with Sandler, the Free as in Freedom podcast, which covers legal, policy, and other issues in the FLOSS world. Kuhn and Sandler had previously co-hosted a similar podcast, the Software Freedom Law Show.
On March 20, 2021, he received the 2020
Advancement for Free Software Award.
Poker
Kuhn is an avid
poker
Poker is a family of comparing card games in which players wager over which hand is best according to that specific game's rules. It is played worldwide, however in some places the rules may vary. While the earliest known form of the game w ...
player and played professionally on a part-time basis from 2002 to 2007. Since January 2008, he has been a contributor to PokerSource,
a GPL'd online poker system written and maintained by Loïc Dachary.
References
External links
Bradley M. Kuhn's blog
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kuhn, Bradley M.
GNU people
Living people
American bloggers
Linux people
1973 births
American atheists
Free software programmers
Loyola University Maryland alumni
Members of the Free Software Foundation board of directors