''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the

grass family Poaceae () or Gramineae () is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos and the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in lawns and ...

native to tropical and

subtropical The subtropical zones or subtropics are geographical zone, geographical and Köppen climate classification, climate zones to the Northern Hemisphere, north and Southern Hemisphere, south of the tropics. Geographically part of the Geographical z ...

regions of Asia, Africa,

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

, southern Europe, the

Americas The Americas, which are sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North and South America. The Americas make up most of the land in Earth's Western Hemisphere and comprise the New World. Along with th ...

, and various islands.Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 520 臂形草属 bi xing cao shu ''Brachiaria'' (Trinius) Grisebach, Ledebour, Fl. Ross. 4: 469. 1853.
Flora of China. There are over 100 species. Some species are cultivated as forage. Some species of ''Brachiaria'' were probably first introduced unintentionally to the Americas in the colonial period, from slave ships. ''B. decumbens'' was introduced to Brazil in 1952 and ''B. ruziziensis'' in the 1960s. ''Brachiaria'' is the most widely used tropical grass in Central and South America, with about 40 million hectares planted in Brazil alone.

Biology

This genus was described in 1853. It is similar to '' Panicum'', and some authors believe ''Panicum'' is ancestral to it. It has also been confused with '' Urochloa'', and sometimes combined with it. A recent phylogenetic analysis concluded that ''Brachiaria'' and ''Urochloa'' are a monophyletic group, along with '' Eriochloa'' and '' Melinis'', and that further molecular and morphological work is needed to establish clear relationships. In the meantime, ''Brachiaria'' and ''Urochloa'' plants are usually not difficult to distinguish from one another. ''Brachiaria'' are annual or perennial grasses, most lacking

rhizome In botany and dendrology, a rhizome (; , ) is a modified subterranean plant stem that sends out roots and shoots from its nodes. Rhizomes are also called creeping rootstalks or just rootstalks. Rhizomes develop from axillary buds and grow hori ...

s. The inflorescence is a branching

panicle A panicle is a much-branched inflorescence. (softcover ). Some authors distinguish it from a compound spike inflorescence, by requiring that the flowers (and fruit) be pedicellate (having a single stem per flower). The branches of a panicle are of ...

, and the plant reaches about a meter in height.Watson, L. and M. J. Dallwitz. (2008)
''Brachiaria''.
The Grass Genera of the World. Retrieved 7 November 2011. The plants are bisexual and the flowers are fleshy, with 3

anthers The stamen (plural ''stamina'' or ''stamens'') is the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower. Collectively the stamens form the androecium., p. 10 Morphology and terminology A stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filam ...

.Clayton, W. D., et al. (2002 onwards)
''Brachiaria''.
GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora. Some species have a prominent vein in the center of the leaf. ''Brachiaria'' are C₄ species and can tolerate drier conditions and more light exposure than some other plants.

Ecology and conservation

''Brachiaria'' can grow in many environments, from

swamp A swamp is a forested wetland.Keddy, P.A. 2010. Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 497 p. Swamps are considered to be transition zones because both land and water play a role in ...

s to shady forest to semidesert, but generally do best in savannas and other open tropical ecosystems such as in East Africa. In Angola, ''B. brizantha'' grows on

termite mounds Mound-building termites are a group of termite species that live in mounds. These termites live in Africa, Australia and South America. The mounds sometimes have a diameter of . Most of the mounds are in well-drained areas. Termite mounds usua ...

and in the ecotone between grassland and woodland habitat.Estes, R. D. and R. K. Estes. (1974). The biology and conservation of the giant sable antelope, ''Hippotragus niger variani'' Thomas, 1916. ''Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia'' 126, 73-104. In the

Kora National Reserve Kora may refer to: Places India * Kora, Bardhaman, West Bengal * Kora, Bharuch, Gujarat * Korha, Katihar, also known as Kora, in Bihar * Kora, Kendrapara, Odisha * Kora, Wardha, Maharastra * Kora, Tumakuru, Karnataka * Toyaguda, Adilabad, T ...

in Kenya, ''Brachiaria'' dominates the ground layer along with '' Aristida''. In India, the native ''B. ramosa'' is an important food source for the Eurasian collared dove (''Streptopelia decaocto'') and ''Brachiaria'' species are forage for other local herbivores. In North America, the native ''B. platyphylla'', broadleaf signalgrass, grows after heavy rains and then reproduces prodigiously and quickly, sometimes becoming a weed. Wide expanses of the tropics, especially the Neotropics, have been converted to ''Brachiaria'' pasture to support livestock. In Brazil, 80 million hectares of native habitat have been planted with African grasses, mostly ''Brachiaria''. Introduced species such as ''Brachiaria'' grasses can degrade habitat and compete with native species. In Northern Australia, the exotic ''B. decumbens'' competes with the native tree ''

Alphitonia petriei ''Alphitonia petriei'', commonly known as the white ash, is a rainforest tree in the family Rhamnaceae from eastern and northern Australia. Other common names include red ash, white-leaf, pink almond and pink ash. It was originally collected fr ...

'' by inhibiting the growth of seedlings, slowing the conversion of abandoned pastureland to natural forest. In the Paragominas area of Brazil, however, native forest outcompetes cultivated stands of ''Brachiaria'' and other exotic forage grasses, and ranchers struggle to maintain pasture cover. Native species may also utilize exotic ''Brachiaria'' as a food resource, such as the rock cavy (''Kerodon rupestris''), a native rodent of the caatinga.

Cultivation

''Brachiaria'' is the single most important genus of forage grass for pastures in the tropics. ''Brachiaria'' cultivars can grow in infertile and acidic soils. Brazil is the leading user and producer of ''Brachiaria'' seeds in the Americas. Mexico has put effort into improving its trade in ''Brachiaria'' cultivars, and the grass is thought to have made a positive impact on its milk and beef industries.Holmann, F., et al. (2004)
Impact of the adoption of ''Brachiaria'' grasses: Central America and Mexico.
''Livestock Research for Rural Development'' 16, Art. #98. Central American countries have also increased seed sales and area planted in the grass. The annual growth rate of seed sales in 2009 was 32% in Mexico, 62% in

Honduras Honduras, officially the Republic of Honduras, is a country in Central America. The republic of Honduras is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Oce ...

, 45% in Nicaragua, 39% in

Costa Rica Costa Rica (, ; ; literally "Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica ( es, República de Costa Rica), is a country in the Central American region of North America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the no ...

, and 54% in Panama. The area planted with ''Brachiaria'' during this period was about 6.5% of the total surface of permanent grasses in Mexico, 12.5% in Honduras, 1% in Nicaragua, 18.7% in

, and 0.1% in Panama. Agricultural pests of ''Brachiaria'' include spittlebugs, leafcutter ants, and

mound-building termites Mound-building termites are a group of termite species that live in mounds. These termites live in Africa, Australia and South America. The mounds sometimes have a diameter of . Most of the mounds are in well-drained areas. Termite mounds usua ...

. Other insect pests include: *shoot flies ''

Atherigona oryzae ''Atherigona oryzae'', the rice shoot fly, is a species of fly in the family Muscidae. It is found in Asia and Australia. It is known to affect rice, kodo millet ''Paspalum scrobiculatum'', commonly called Kodo millet or Koda millet,A. E. Gran ...

'', ''

Atherigona pulla ''Atherigona pulla'', the proso millet shoot fly, is a species of fly in the family Muscidae. The larvae feed on the central growing shoots of crops such as proso millet and little millet. It is found in South Asia.Ravulapenta Sathish, M Manjunat ...

'', and ''

Atherigona punctata ''Atherigona punctata'', the Coimbatore wheat stem fly, is a species of fly in the family Muscidae. In South India, it is a pest of the wheat plant, ''Triticum aestivum Common wheat (''Triticum aestivum''), also known as bread wheat, is a cu ...

'' *caseworm ''

Paraponyx stagnalis ''Parapoynx'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae described by Jacob Hübner in 1825. Species *'' Parapoynx affinialis'' Guenée, 1854 *''Parapoynx allionealis'' (Walker, 1859) *''Parapoynx andalusicum'' Speidel, 1982 *'' Parapoynx andre ...

'' *red hairy caterpillars '' Amsacta albistriga'' and ''

Amsacta moorei ''Paramsacta moorei'' is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1875. It is found in India and Pakistan.The Plant List search for ''Brachiaria''
/ref> * ''

Brachiaria adspersa ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the Poaceae, grass family native to tropics, tropical and subtropics, subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.< ...

'' * ''

Brachiaria advena ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria albicoma ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the Poaceae, grass family native to tropics, tropical and subtropics, subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.< ...

'' * ''

Brachiaria ambigens ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria antsirabensis ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria argentea ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria arida ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria arizonica ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria arrecta ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria atrisola ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria bemarivensis ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria benoistii'' * ''

Brachiaria bovonei ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria breviglumis ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria brevispicata ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria brizantha'' * ''

Brachiaria burmanica ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria capuronii ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria chusqueoides'' * '' Brachiaria ciliatissima'' * ''

Brachiaria clavipila ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria comata ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria coronifera ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria decaryana ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the Poaceae, grass family native to tropics, tropical and subtropics, subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.< ...

'' * '' Brachiaria decumbens'' * '' Brachiaria deflexa'' * ''

Brachiaria dictyoneura ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria dimorpha ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria distachya ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria distachyoides ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria dura ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria echinulata ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria eminii ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria epacridifolia ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria eruciformis ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the Poaceae, grass family native to tropics, tropical and subtropics, subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.< ...

'' * '' Brachiaria falcifera'' * ''

Brachiaria fasciculata ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria foliosa ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria fragrans ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria fruticulosa'' * ''

Brachiaria fusiformis ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria gilesii ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria glomerata ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria grossa ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria holosericea ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria humbertiana ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria humidicola'' * ''

Brachiaria jaliscana ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria jubata ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria kurzii ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria lachnantha ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria lactea ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria lata ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria lateritica ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria leandriana ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria leersioides ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria leucacrantha ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria lindiensis ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria longiflora ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria lorentziana ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria malacodes ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria marlothii ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria megastachya ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria mesocoma ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria meziana ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria mollis ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria multiculma ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria munae ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria mutica'' * ''

Brachiaria nana ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria nigropedata ''Brachiaria nigropedata'' (spotted brachiaria, af, swartvoetjie, ktz, beye- ǁxui-doa, german: Schwarzfüßchen) is a perennial grass belonging to the grass family (Poaceae). It is native to Southern Africa Southern Africa is the southern ...

'' * ''

Brachiaria nilagirica ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria notochthona ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria oblita ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria occidentalis ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria oligobrachiata ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria ophryodes ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria orthostachys ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria ovalis ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria paucispicata ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the Poaceae, grass family native to tropics, tropical and subtropics, subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.< ...

'' * ''

Brachiaria perrieri ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria piligera ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the Poaceae, grass family native to tropics, tropical and subtropics, subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.< ...

'' * '' Brachiaria plantaginea'' * ''

Brachiaria platynota ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria platyphylla ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria polyphylla ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria praetervisa ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria psammophila'' * ''

Brachiaria pseudodichotoma ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria pubescens ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria pubigera ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria pungipes ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria ramosa'' * ''

Brachiaria remota ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria reptans ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria reticulata ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria rugulosa ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the Poaceae, grass family native to tropics, tropical and subtropics, subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.< ...

'' * ''

Brachiaria ruziziensis ''Brachiaria ruziziensis'' or Congo grass is a forage crop that is grown throughout the humid tropics. With fast growth at the beginning of the wet season due to strong seedling vigour, ease of establishment, good seed production and yield and t ...

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Brachiaria scalaris ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria schoenfelderi ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria semiundulata ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria semiverticillata ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria serpens ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria serrata ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the Poaceae, grass family native to tropics, tropical and subtropics, subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.< ...

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Brachiaria serrifolia ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria stefaninii ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria stigmatisata ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria subquadripara ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria subrostrata ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria subulifolia ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria tanimbarensis ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria texana ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria tsiafajavonensis ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria turbinata ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria umbellata ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the Poaceae, grass family native to tropics, tropical and subtropics, subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.< ...

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Brachiaria umbratilis ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria urochlooides ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria urocoides ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria uzondoiensis ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria villosa ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria whiteana ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria windersii ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria wittei ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Brachiaria xantholeuca ''Brachiaria'', or signalgrass, is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, southern Europe, the Americas, and various islands.Acroceras ''Acroceras'' is a genus of tropical and subtropical plants in the grass family. The genus is widespread across warmer parts of Asia, Africa, and the Americas, with a high amount of diversity in Madagascar.Ahmed, Z.U. (ed.) (2008). Encyclopedia ...

, Echinochloa, Eriochloa, Panicum, Paspalum, Urochloa''. * ''Brachiaria ambigua = Urochloa glumaris'' * ''Brachiaria bulawayensis = Urochloa oligotricha'' * ''Brachiaria callopus =

Echinochloa callopus ''Echinochloa'' is a very widespread genus of plants in the grass family and tribe Paniceae. Some of the species are known by the common names barnyard grass or cockspur grass. Some of the species within this genus are millets that are grown ...

'' * ''Brachiaria capuronii =

Panicum comorense ''Panicum'' (panicgrass) is a large genus of about 450 species of Poaceae, grasses native throughout the tropical regions of the world, with a few species extending into the northern temperate zone. They are often large, Annual plant, annual or P ...

'' * ''Brachiaria comorensis =

'' * ''Brachiaria decaryana =

'' * ''Brachiaria digitarioides = Panicum hemitomon'' * ''Brachiaria glabrinodis =

Paspalum glabrinode ''Paspalum'' is a genus of plants in the grass family. The group is widespread across much of Asia, Africa, Australia, and the Americas. Commonly known as paspalum, bahiagrasses, crowngrasses or dallis grasses, many of the species are tall pere ...

'' * ''Brachiaria grossaria = Paspalum variabile'' * ''Brachiaria hubbardii =

Acroceras hubbardii ''Acroceras'' is a genus of tropical and subtropical plants in the grass family. The genus is widespread across warmer parts of Asia, Africa, and the Americas, with a high amount of diversity in Madagascar.Ahmed, Z.U. (ed.) (2008). Encyclopedia ...

'' * ''Brachiaria karumiensis =

Eriochloa succincta ''Eriochloa'' is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family, commonly called cupgrass. They are found across much of Africa, Asia, Australia, and the Americas, plus a few places in European Russia. ; Species * ''Eriochloa acuminata'' &ndas ...

'' * ''Brachiaria longifolia =

Echinochloa colona ''Echinochloa colona'', commonly known as jungle rice, deccan grass, or awnless barnyard grass, is a type of wild grass originating from tropical Asia. It was formerly classified as a species of ''Panicum''. It is the wild ancestor of the culti ...

'' * ''Brachiaria obtusa =

Hopia obtusa ''Hopia obtusa'' is a species of grass commonly known as vine mesquite. This plant was treated as ''Panicum obtusum'' until recently when more molecular and genetic material revealed new information about it. ''Hopia obtusa'' is now placed in th ...

'' * ''Brachiaria obtusiflora =

Echinochloa rotundiflora ''Echinochloa'' is a very widespread genus of plants in the grass family and tribe Paniceae. Some of the species are known by the common names barnyard grass or cockspur grass. Some of the species within this genus are millets that are grown ...

'' * ''Brachiaria paspaloides = Urochloa glumaris'' * ''Brachiaria rovumensis =

Eriochloa rovumensis ''Eriochloa'' is a widespread genus of plants in the Poaceae, grass family, commonly called cupgrass. They are found across much of Africa, Asia, Australia, and the Americas, plus a few places in European Russia. ; Species * ''Eriochloa acuminat ...

'' * ''Brachiaria sadinii =

Panicum sadinii ''Panicum'' (panicgrass) is a large genus of about 450 species of grasses native throughout the tropical regions of the world, with a few species extending into the northern temperate zone. They are often large, annual or perennial grasses, g ...

'' * ''Brachiaria setigera =

Urochloa setigera ''Urochloa'' is a genus of plants in the grass family, native to Eurasia, Africa, Australia, Mexico, and the Pacific Islands.

'' * ''Brachiaria squarrosa =

Panicum peteri ''Panicum'' (panicgrass) is a large genus of about 450 species of grasses native throughout the tropical regions of the world, with a few species extending into the northern temperate zone. They are often large, annual or perennial grasses, grow ...

'' * ''Brachiaria stipitata =

'' * ''Brachiaria stolonifera = Urochloa mosambicensis'' * ''Brachiaria tatianae = Rupichloa acuminata'' * ''Brachiaria venezuelae =

Panicum venezuelae ''Panicum'' (panicgrass) is a large genus of about 450 species of grasses native throughout the tropical regions of the world, with a few species extending into the northern temperate zone. They are often large, annual or perennial grasses, grow ...

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2699312 Poaceae genera Panicoideae Cereals

Biology

Ecology and conservation

Cultivation

See also

References