''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the

grass family Poaceae () or Gramineae () is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos and the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in lawns and ...

native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bothriochloa'' derives from the two ancient Greek words (), meaning "small pit or trench", and or (), meaning "new green shoot or blade of grass".Ellen Dorn, Native Plants of Arizona 2004, ''Bothriochloa barbinodis'' (Lag.) Herter
/ref>
Shahid Nawaz
an agrostologist at the

Blatter Herbarium The Blatter Herbarium (BLAT), in St. Xavier's College, Mumbai, is a major Herbarium in India. It is listed in the ''Index Herbariorum'', published by the International Association for Plant Taxonomy and New York Botanical Garden. The Herbarium s ...

, collected an interesting specimens of ''Bothriochloa'' from Gooty Fort Hill, Andhra Pradesh, India in December 2019. The specimens were identified and confirmed as ''Bothriochloa ewartiana'' (Domin) C. E. Hubb. based on literature study and international correspondence with experts from Australia, Indonesia and Americas. This study adds an extended and disjunct distribution of a Far Eastern species in Asia from India.

Systematics

Species list

The following species are recognised: * ''

Bothriochloa alta ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bo ...

'' (Hitchc.) Henrard – tall beardgrass –

Americas The Americas, which are sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North and South America. The Americas make up most of the land in Earth's Western Hemisphere and comprise the New World. Along with th ...

from New Mexico to Argentina * ''

Bothriochloa barbinodis ''Bothriochloa barbinodis'' is a species of grass known by the common name cane bluestem. It is native to the Americas, including most of South and Central America, Mexico, and the southernmost continental United States from California to Florida ...

'' (Lag.) Herter– cane bluestem – USA ( CO MO OK AZ CA NV UT TX NM FL SC), Mexico,

El Salvador El Salvador (; , meaning " The Saviour"), officially the Republic of El Salvador ( es, República de El Salvador), is a country in Central America. It is bordered on the northeast by Honduras, on the northwest by Guatemala, and on the south b ...

, South America (from

Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Car ...

to Paraguay) * ''

Bothriochloa biloba ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bo ...

'' S.T.Blake – Queensland, New South Wales * ''

Bothriochloa bladhii ''Bothriochloa bladhii'' (commonly called, variously, Australian bluestem, Caucasian bluestem, forest-bluegrass, plains bluestem, and purple plume grass) is a Neotropic grass in the family Poaceae, found primarily in tropical Africa, and tropical ...

'' (Retz.) S.T.Blake – Asia ( Yemen to Caucasus to

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

to Maluku),

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

, New Guinea, Africa, Madagascar * ''

Bothriochloa bunyensis ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' B.K.Simon – Queensland * ''

Bothriochloa campii ''Bothriochloa campii'' is a species of grass in the family Poaceae. It is found only in Ecuador Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, wh ...

'' (Swallen) De Wet – Ecuador * ''

Bothriochloa compressa ''Bothriochloa compressa'' is a species of grass belonging to genus Bothriochloa. It is found in India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second- ...

'' (Hook.f.) Henrard – India,

Lesser Sunda Islands The Lesser Sunda Islands or nowadays known as Nusa Tenggara Islands ( id, Kepulauan Nusa Tenggara, formerly ) are an archipelago in Maritime Southeast Asia, north of Australia. Together with the Greater Sunda Islands to the west they make up t ...

* ''

Bothriochloa decipiens ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' (Hack.) C.E.Hubb. –

* ''

Bothriochloa edwardsiana ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' (Gould) Parodi – Mexico, Texas, Argentina, Uruguay * ''

Bothriochloa ensiformis ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' (Hook.f.) Henrard – India * ''

Bothriochloa erianthoides ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' (F.Muell.) C.E.Hubb. – Queensland, New South Wales * ''

Bothriochloa eurylemma ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' M.Marchi & Longhi – Wagner – Brazil (

Mato Grosso do Sul Mato Grosso do Sul () is one of the Midwestern states of Brazil. Neighboring Brazilian states are (from north clockwise) Mato Grosso, Goiás, Minas Gerais, São Paulo and Paraná. It also borders the countries of Paraguay, to the southwest, and ...

), Argentina ( Entre Ríos, Chaco,

Formosa Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is an island country located in East Asia. The main island of Taiwan, formerly known in the Western political circles, press and literature as Formosa, makes up 99% of the land area of the territorie ...

, Tucumán,

Salta Salta () is the capital and largest city in the Argentine province of the same name. With a population of 618,375 according to the 2010 census, it is also the 7th most-populous city in Argentina. The city serves as the cultural and economic ce ...

) * ''

Bothriochloa ewartiana ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' (Domin) C.E.Hubb. –

, Philippines,

, Andhra Pradesh, India * ''

Bothriochloa exaristata ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the Poaceae, grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus n ...

'' (Nash) Henrard – awnless beardgrass – southern Brazil, northern Argentina, Paraguay,

Bolivia , image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center , flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ...

, Peru, USA ( TX LA) * ''

Bothriochloa grahamii ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' (Haines) Bor – India * ''

Bothriochloa hirtifolia ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' (J.Presl) Henrard – Mexico,

Guatemala Guatemala ( ; ), officially the Republic of Guatemala ( es, República de Guatemala, links=no), is a country in Central America. It is bordered to the north and west by Mexico; to the northeast by Belize and the Caribbean; to the east by H ...

* ''

Bothriochloa hybrida ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' (Gould) Gould – USA ( TX LA), Mexico (from

Chihuahua Chihuahua may refer to: Places *Chihuahua (state), a Mexican state **Chihuahua (dog), a breed of dog named after the state **Chihuahua cheese, a type of cheese originating in the state **Chihuahua City, the capital city of the state **Chihuahua Mun ...

to Oaxaca) * ''

Bothriochloa imperatoides ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' (Lillo) Herter –

Rio Grande do Sul Rio Grande do Sul (, , ; "Great River of the South") is a Federative units of Brazil, state in the South Region, Brazil, southern region of Brazil. It is the Federative_units_of_Brazil#List, fifth-most-populous state and the List of Brazilian st ...

, northern Argentina, Uruguay * ''

Bothriochloa insculpta ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) A.Camus – sweetpitted grass – Africa, Madagascar, India,

Arabian Peninsula The Arabian Peninsula, (; ar, شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّة, , "Arabian Peninsula" or , , "Island of the Arabs") or Arabia, is a peninsula of Western Asia, situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian Plate ...

, Spain, Sicily * ''

Bothriochloa ischaemum ''Bothriochloa ischaemum'' is a species of perennial grass in the family Poaceae, found throughout much of the world. It is commonly known as yellow bluestem. Two varieties are recognized, of which ''Bothriochloa ischaemum'' var. ''ischaemum'' i ...

'' (L.) Keng – yellow bluestem – Eurasia + North Africa from Portugal +

Canary Islands The Canary Islands (; es, Canarias, ), also known informally as the Canaries, are a Spanish autonomous community and archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, in Macaronesia. At their closest point to the African mainland, they are west of Morocc ...

to Korea * ''

Bothriochloa kuntzeana ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' (Hack.) Henrard – India, Nepal * ''

Bothriochloa laguroides ''Bothriochloa laguroides'', the silver blue stem, is a species of grass in the genus ''Bothriochloa'' of the family Poaceae. The species is native to Mexico and South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphe ...

'' (DC.) Herter – silver bluestem –

from Mexico to Chile * ''

Bothriochloa longifolia ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' (Hack.) Bor – India * ''

Bothriochloa longipaniculata ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the Poaceae, grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus n ...

'' (Gould) Allred & Gould – longspike beardgrass – Brazil (

, Rio de Janeiro,

, Santa Catarina), Argentina ( Corrientes, Chaco,

Misiones Misiones (, ''Missions'') is one of the 23 provinces of Argentina, located in the northeastern corner of the country in the Mesopotamia region. It is surrounded by Paraguay to the northwest, Brazil to the north, east and south, and Corrientes P ...

), Paraguay,

, Mexico, USA ( TX LA MS) * ''

Bothriochloa macra ''Bothriochloa macra'', commonly known as red-leg grass, red grass, redleg or pitted beard grass is a perennial grass species that is native to eastern Australia and New Zealand. It is naturalised in Tasmania and Norfolk Island. References

...

'' (Steud.) S.T.Blake – red – leg grass, red grass, redleg or pitted beard grass –

* '' Bothriochloa meridionalis'' M.Marchi & Longhi – Wagner – Venezuela,

, Ecuador,

* ''

Bothriochloa modesta ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' (Backer) Backer & Henrard – Java,

* ''

Bothriochloa pertusa ''Bothriochloa pertusa'' is a species of grass. It is widely used as a fodder and a graze for livestock. Common names for the plant include hurricane grass, Indian couch grass, Indian-bluegrass, pitted bluestem, Seymour grass, Barbados sourgra ...

'' (L.) A.Camus – pitted beardgrass –

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

, India, Southeast Asia,

, islands of Indian Ocean + western Pacific * ''

Bothriochloa pseudischaemum ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' (Nees ex Steud.) Henrard – India,

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්‍රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...

* ''

Bothriochloa radicans ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' (Lehm.) A.Camus – eastern + southern Africa,

* ''

Bothriochloa saccharoides ''Bothriochloa saccharoides'' is a species of grass known by the common name silver bluestem. It is native to the Americas, including Mexico, the Caribbean, and parts of Central and South America. This perennial bunchgrass grows to 2 to 3 feet i ...

'' Rydb. – Americas from Utah to Uruguay * ''

Bothriochloa springfieldii ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''B ...

'' (Gould) Parodi – USA ( CO AZ UT TX NM LA), Mexico,

, Argentina * ''

Bothriochloa torreyana ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' (Steud.) Scrivanti & Anton – southern USA (from CA to SC), Mexico, Central America, Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay * ''

Bothriochloa velutina ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' M.Marchi & Longhi – Wagner – Paraná, Santa Catarina * ''

Bothriochloa woodrovii ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' (Hook.f.) A.Camus – India * ''

Bothriochloa wrightii ''Bothriochloa'' is a common and widespread genus of plants in the grass family native to many countries on all inhabited continents and many islands. They are often called beardgrass, bluegrass or bluestem. The etymology of the genus name ''Bot ...

'' (Hack.) Henrard – Mexico, USA ( TX NM AZ)

Former taxa

See ''

Capillipedium ''Capillipedium'' (common name scented-tops) is a genus of plants in the grass family. They are native to Africa, Asia, Australia, and certain islands in the Western Pacific. ; Species ; formerly included see '' Hemisorghum'' * ''Capillipe ...

'', ''

Dichanthium ''Dichanthium'', known commonly as bluestem or bluegrass, is a genus of African, Asian, and Australian plants in the grass family. Some species have become naturalized in the Americas The Americas, which are sometimes collectively cal ...

'', '' Euclasta'', ''

Hemisorghum ''Hemisorghum'' is a genus of Asian plants in the grass family. ; Species * '' Hemisorghum mekongense'' ( A.Camus) C.E.Hubb. ex Bor - Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam * '' Hemisorghum venustum'' (Thwaites) Clayton - Sri Lanka, Tamil Nadu ...

'' and ''

Pseudosorghum ''Pseudosorghum'' is a genus of Asian plants in the grass family. ; Species * '' Pseudosorghum fasciculare'' (Roxb.) A.Camus - Yunnan, India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam * '' Pseudosorghum zollingeri'' (Ste ...

''. The following taxa were formerly included in the genus:

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2023663 Poaceae genera Taxonomy articles created by Polbot

Systematics

Species list

Former taxa

See also

References