The Bormida (''Bormia'' in
Piedmontese language
Piedmontese (; autonym: or , in it, piemontese) is a language spoken by some 2,000,000 people mostly in Piedmont, northwestern region of Italy. Although considered by most linguists a separate language, in Italy it is often mistakenly regard ...
) is a river of north-west
Italy
Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical re ...
.
Toponymy
The hydronym ''Bormida'' derives from the pre-Roman Ligurian proto-form ''*bormo'' ('warm or bubbling water'), also linked to the names of the gods of the springs ''Bormō'' and ''Bormānus''. Similar hydronyms are present in the region: the river
Borbera
The Borbera (''Borbëa'' in Ligurian or ''Borbaja'' in Piedmontese) is a major '' torrente'' (a stream whose flow is marked by a high degree of seasonal variation) of the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont.
Geography
It begin ...
and the river
Borbore
The Borbore is a river of Piedmont, Italy. It is a left-side tributary of the Tanaro.
Geography
The Borbore rises in the hills of Roero near Guarene (province of Cuneo
Cuneo (Italian), or Coni (Piedmontese), is a province in the southwest of t ...
, but also the town of
Bormio
Bormio ( lmo, Bormi, rm, italic=yes, , german: Worms im Veltlintal) is a town and ''comune'' with a population of about 4,100 located in the Province of Sondrio, Lombardy region of the Alps in northern Italy.
The centre of the upper Valtellina ...
in
Lombardy
Lombardy ( it, Lombardia, Lombard language, Lombard: ''Lombardia'' or ''Lumbardia' '') is an administrative regions of Italy, region of Italy that covers ; it is located in the northern-central part of the country and has a population of about 10 ...
know since the ancient times for the thermal waters and the town of Burbons les bains in France known for the same reason. The root ''*borm-'' itself could have pre-Indo-European origins
[Francesco Perono Cacciafoco. 2015]
Pre-Indo-European Relics: The *borm- Root in the European Pre-Latin Context
''Acta Linguistica: Journal for Theoretical Linguistics'', 9, 2, pp. 57-69. and, therefore, could be connected with the lost language (or languages) of Prehistoric inhabitants of Europe who occupied Northern Italy before the possible arrival of the Indo-Europeans.
Geography
![Motivo sulla Bormida, 1865](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Motivo_sulla_Bormida%2C_1865.jpeg)
The Bormida rises in
Liguria
Liguria (; lij, Ligûria ; french: Ligurie) is a Regions of Italy, region of north-western Italy; its Capital city, capital is Genoa. Its territory is crossed by the Alps and the Apennine Mountains, Apennines Mountain chain, mountain range and is ...
from the
Rocca Barbena (close to
Colle Scravaion
The Colle Scravaion (814 m) is a mountain pass in the Province of Savona (Italy). It connects Castelvecchio di Rocca Barbena with Bardineto.
Geography
The pass stands between Monte Lingo (1103 m, West) and Rocca Barbena. Located on the ma ...
) as Bormida di Millesimo'', and flows at first through
Liguria
Liguria (; lij, Ligûria ; french: Ligurie) is a Regions of Italy, region of north-western Italy; its Capital city, capital is Genoa. Its territory is crossed by the Alps and the Apennine Mountains, Apennines Mountain chain, mountain range and is ...
and then through
Piedmont
it, Piemontese
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. After converging with the
Bormida di Spigno
The Bormida di Spigno is a river of north-west Italy.
Geography
The headwaters of the Bormida di Spigno are in the Ligurian province of Savona above Pian dei Corsi at above sea level in a transitional zone between the Alpine and Apennine m ...
near
Bistagno
Bistagno is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about southeast of Turin and about southwest of Alessandria.
Bistagno borders the following municipalities: Castelletto d'Erro, Melaz ...
it joins the
Tanaro
The Tanaro (; pms, Tane ; ; la, Tanarus), is a long river in northwestern Italy. The river begins in the Ligurian Alps, near the border with France, and is the most significant right-side tributary to the Po in terms of length, size of drai ...
, of which it is the major tributary, north-east of
Alessandria
Alessandria (; pms, Lissandria ) is a city and ''comune'' in Piedmont, Italy, and the capital of the Province of Alessandria. The city is sited on the alluvial plain between the Tanaro and the Bormida rivers, about east of Turin.
Alessandria ...
.
References
*
Rivers of Italy
Rivers of the Province of Savona
Rivers of the Province of Cuneo
Rivers of the Province of Asti
Rivers of the Province of Alessandria
Rivers of the Alps
Rivers of the Apennines
{{Italy-river-stub