Boriwen ( th, บริเวณ) were subdivisions of three of the larger Thai
monthon
''Monthon'' ( th, มณฑล) were administrative subdivisions of Thailand at the beginning of the 20th century. The Thai word ''monthon'' is a translation of the word ''mandala'' (', literally "circle"), in its sense of a type of political for ...
. Several ''
mueang
Mueang ( th, เมือง ''mɯ̄ang'', ), Muang ( lo, ເມືອງ ''mɯ́ang'', ; Tai Nuea: ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ''muang''), Mong ( shn, ''mə́ŋ'', ), Meng () or Mường (Vietnamese), were pre-modern semi-independent city-states or principali ...
'' were grouped together into one boriwen. In 1908 the boriwen were renamed to changwat, which became the name of provinces countrywide in 1916.
The monthon with between three and five boriwen were Phayap, Udon Thani and Isan. Each boriwen was administrated by a commissioner (''khaluang boriwen'', ข้าหลวงบริเวณ). The administrative headquarters of the boriwen were located in the provincial town listed first:
![Map of Siam's subdivision](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Map_of_Siam%27s_subdivision.png)
*Monthon Phayap
**Boriwen Northern Chiangmai:
Chiang Rai
Chiang Rai ( th, เชียงราย, ; nod, , เจียงฮาย, ) is the northernmost major city in Thailand, with a population of about 200,000 people. It is located in Mueang Chiang Rai District, Chiang Rai Province. Chiang Rai ...
, Chiang Saen, Papao, Nongkhwang, and Fang
**Boriwen Western Chiangmai:
Mae Hong Son
Mae Hong Son ( th, แม่ฮ่องสอน, ) is a town (''thesaban mueang'') in north-west Thailand, capital of Mae Hong Son Province. It is in the Shan Hills, near the border with Burma along the banks of the River Pai. As of 2018, the to ...
, Yuam, Khun Yuam, and Pai
**Boriwen Northern Nan:
Chiangkhong, Thoeng, Chiangkham, Chianglaeng, Chianglom, Chianghon (Khop and Kutsawadi were seceded to France in 1904)
*Monthon Udon Thani
**Boriwen Makkhaeng:
Ban Makkhaeng (
Udonthani),
Nongkhai
Nong Khai province ( th, หนองคาย, ) was formerly the northernmost of the Isan, northeastern (Isan) Provinces of Thailand, provinces (''changwat'') of Thailand until its eight eastern districts were split off to form Thailand's newes ...
, Nonglahan, Kumphawapi, Kamutthasai, Phonphisai, and Rattanawapi
**Boriwen Phachi:
Khonkaen, Chonnabot, and Phuwiang
**Boriwen That Phanom:
Nakhon Phanom
Nakhon Phanom ( th, นครพนม, ) is a town (''thesaban mueang'') in northeastern Thailand, capital of Nakhon Phanom Province. The town covers ''tambons'' Nai Mueang and Nong Saeng and parts of ''tambons'' At Samat and Nong Yat, all in M ...
, Chaiburi, Tha Uthen and
Mukdahan
Mukdahan ( th, มุกดาหาร, ) is a town (''thesaban mueang'') and capital of Mukdahan Province, which became Thailand's 73rd province in 1982. In the northern region of the country, on the right (west) bank Mekong River, it was form ...
**Boriwen Sakon:
Sakon Nakhon
Sakon Nakhon ( th, สกลนคร, ; sometimes written Sakhon Nakhon) is a city (thesaban nakhon) in Thailand within the Isan region, and capital city of Sakon Nakhon Province as well as Mueang Sakon Nakhon District, with a population of ap ...
**Boriwen Nam Huang:
Loei
Loei (; ) is a town (''thesaban mueang'') in northeast Thailand. Loei covers the whole ''tambon'' of Mueang Loei district and is the capital of Loei province. In 2017, Loei had a population of 21,013. Loei lies 545 km north-northeast of Ba ...
, Kaen Thao, Bo Tha
*Monthon Isan
**Boriwen Ubon:
Ubon Ratchathani
Ubon Ratchathani ( th, อุบลราชธานี, ) is one of the four major cities of Isan (with Khorat/Nakhon Ratchasima, Udon Thani, and Khon Kaen), also known as the "big four of Isan." The city is on the Mun River in the south ...
,
Khemmarat,
Yasothon
Yasothon ( th, ยโสธร, ) is a town on the Chi River in the north-eastern region of Thailand. It is the capital and administrative center of Yasothon province and seat of its city district. In this district, subdistrict Nai Mueang ( 'in ...
**Boriwen Champassak (Bassac):
Champassak (Bassac)
**Boriwen Khukhan:
Khukhan,
Sisaket
)
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Det-udom
**Boriwen Surin:
Surin, and Sangkha
**Boriwen Roi-et:
Roi Et
Roi Et (, ) is a town (''thesaban mueang'') in north-eastern Thailand, capital of Roi Et Province. It covers the whole ''tambon'' Nai Mueang of Mueang Roi Et district. As of 2006 it had a population of 34,229. Roi Et is 514 km from Ban ...
,
Mahasarakham
Sarakham is the capital city of Maha Sarakham Province in Thailand's northeastern (Isan) region. Sarakham, as it is known to its inhabitants, is in a rice-growing area on the southern Khorat plain, straddling the Chi River. Mahasarakham is 475 ...
,
Kalasin
Kalasin ( th, กาฬสินธุ์) is a town (''thesaban mueang'') in northeast Thailand, the capital of Kalasin Province. As of 2015, it has a population of 34,429 It covers the whole ''tambon
''Tambon'' ( th, ตำบล, ) is a loca ...
, Kammalasai,
Suwannaphum
See also
*
Subdivisions of Thailand
Thailand is a unitary state in Southeast Asia. The administrative services of the executive branch of the government are regulated by the ''National Government Organisation Act, BE 2534 (1991)'' (พระราชบัญญัติระเ ...
References
*
Subdivisions of Thailand
{{thailand-geo-stub