Boris Yevseyevich Bychowsky (Борис Евсеевич Быховский, 27 August 1908 – 26 January 1974) was a Soviet

scientist A scientist is a person who conducts Scientific method, scientific research to advance knowledge in an Branches of science, area of the natural sciences. In classical antiquity, there was no real ancient analog of a modern scientist. Instead, ...

and

parasitologist Parasitology is the study of parasites, their hosts, and the relationship between them. As a biological discipline, the scope of parasitology is not determined by the organism or environment in question but by their way of life. This means it f ...

, specialist of fish parasites, especially

monogenea Monogeneans are a group of ectoparasitic flatworms commonly found on the skin, gills, or fins of fish. They have a direct lifecycle and do not require an intermediate host. Adults are hermaphrodites, meaning they have both male and female reprod ...

ns. He was director of the

Institute of Zoology The Institute of Zoology (IoZ) is the research division of the Zoological Society of London (ZSL) in England. It is a government-funded research institute specialising in scientific issues relevant to the conservation of animal species and their hab ...

of the

Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union The Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union was the highest scientific institution of the Soviet Union from 1925 to 1991, uniting the country's leading scientists, subordinated directly to the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (until 1946 ...

Leningrad Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...

(1962–1974). Bychowsky is the author of more than 100 scientific publications, mostly on

systematics Biological systematics is the study of the diversification of living forms, both past and present, and the relationships among living things through time. Relationships are visualized as evolutionary trees (synonyms: cladograms, phylogenetic tre ...

ns. His most famous work was his

monography A monograph is a specialist work of writing (in contrast to reference works) or exhibition on a single subject or an aspect of a subject, often by a single author or artist, and usually on a scholarly subject. In library cataloging, ''monograp ...

on monogeneans (1957), which was translated into English in 1961.

Education

*1930: graduated from the biology department of Physics and Mathematics Faculty of

Leningrad State University Saint Petersburg State University (SPBU; russian: Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет) is a public research university in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Founded in 1724 by a decree of Peter the G ...

*1935: PhD in biological sciences *1956:

Habilitation Habilitation is the highest university degree, or the procedure by which it is achieved, in many European countries. The candidate fulfills a university's set criteria of excellence in research, teaching and further education, usually including a ...

in biological sciences

Career

*1929–1935: Laboratory of fish diseases Institute of Fisheries (Leningrad); *1935–1940: Zoological Institute of the

*1940–1944: Deputy Chairman of the Presidium of the

Tajikistan Tajikistan (, ; tg, Тоҷикистон, Tojikiston; russian: Таджикистан, Tadzhikistan), officially the Republic of Tajikistan ( tg, Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Jumhurii Tojikiston), is a landlocked country in Centr ...

Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union *1942–1962: Deputy director of the Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union in Leningrad *1962–1974: Director of the Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union

Honours

*1963: Academician-Secretary of the Department of General Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union *1964:

Order of Lenin The Order of Lenin (russian: Орден Ленина, Orden Lenina, ), named after the leader of the Russian October Revolution, was established by the Central Executive Committee on April 6, 1930. The order was the highest civilian decoration b ...

Order of the Red Banner of Labour The Order of the Red Banner of Labour (russian: Орден Трудового Красного Знамени, translit=Orden Trudovogo Krasnogo Znameni) was an order of the Soviet Union established to honour great deeds and services to th ...

Taxa named in his honour

The following

taxa In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular nam ...

were created in his honour. Most are parasites of fish.WoRMS
marinespecies.org ;Family: * Bychowskicotylidae Lebedev, 1969 ;

Genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat ...

: *''Bychowskicotyle'' Lebedev, 1969 *''Bychowskya'' Nagibina, 1968 *''Bychowskyella'' Akhmerov, 1952, including ''Bychowskyella bychowskii'' Gusev, 1977 (both genus and species names dedicated to Bychowsky) *''Bychowskymonogenea'' Caballero & Bravo-Hollis, 1972 ;

Species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

: Numerous species of

ns, including ''Absonifibula bychowskyi'' Lawler & Overstreet, 1976, ''Caniongiella bychowskyi'' Lebedev, 1976, ''Cribromazocraes bychowskyi'' Mamaev, 1981, ''Dicrumenia bychowskyi'' Mamaev, 1969, ''Dionchus bychowskyi'' Timofeeva, 1989, ''Euryhaliotrema bychowskyi'' (Obodnikova, 1976) Kritsky & Boeger, 2002, ''Gyrodactyloides bychowskii'' Albova, 1948, ''Gyrodactylus bychowskyi'' (Albova, 1948), ''Heterobothrium bychowskyi'' Ogawa, 1991, ''Mazocraeoides bychowskyi'' Caballero & Caballero, 1976, '' Mexicana bychowskyi'' Caballero & Bravo-Hollis, 1959, ''Mexicotrema bychowskyi'' Lamothe-Argumedo, 1969, ''Murraytrema bychowskyi'' Oliver, 1987, ''Murraytrematoides bychowskii'' (Nagibina, 1976) Oliver, 1987, ''Neohaliotrema bychowskii'' Zhukov, 1976, ''Neoheterocotyle bychowskyi'' (Timofeeva, 1981) Chisholm, 1994, ''Neotetraonchus bychowskyi'' Bravo-Hollis, 1968, ''Osphyobothrus bychowskyi'' Khoche & Chauhan, 1969, ''Pseudaxinoides bychowskyi'' Lebedev, 1977, ''Pseudodiplectanum bychowskii'' Nagibina, 1977,

digenea Digenea (Gr. ''Dis'' – double, ''Genos'' – race) is a class of trematodes in the Platyhelminthes phylum, consisting of parasitic flatworms (known as ''flukes'') with a syncytial tegument and, usually, two suckers, one ventral and one oral. ...

ns such as ''Genolopa bychowskii'' Zhukov, 1977, ''Hysterogonia bychowskii'' Korotaeva, 1972, and ''Phyllodistomum borisbychowskyi'' Caballero y Caballero, 1969, parasitic

isopods Isopoda is an order of crustaceans that includes woodlice and their relatives. Isopods live in the sea, in fresh water, or on land. All have rigid, segmented exoskeletons, two pairs of antennae, seven pairs of jointed limbs on the thorax, an ...

such as ''Cymothoa bychowskyi'' Avdeev, 1979 and parasitic

copepod Copepods (; meaning "oar-feet") are a group of small crustaceans found in nearly every freshwater and saltwater habitat (ecology), habitat. Some species are planktonic (inhabiting sea waters), some are benthos, benthic (living on the ocean floor) ...

s such as ''Lepeophtheirus bychowskyi'' Gusev, 1951, and the

Microsporidia Microsporidia are a group of spore-forming unicellular parasites. These spores contain an extrusion apparatus that has a coiled polar tube ending in an anchoring disc at the apical part of the spore. They were once considered protozoans or prot ...

''Glugea bychowsky'' Gasimagomedov & Issi, 1970. In addition to all these fish parasites, the biting midge ''Culicoides bychowskyi'' Dzhafarov, 1964 (

Ceratopogonidae Ceratopogonidae is a family of flies commonly known as no-see-ums, or biting midges, generally in length. The family includes more than 5,000 species, distributed worldwide, apart from the Antarctic and the Arctic. Ceratopogonidae are holomet ...

Diptera Flies are insects of the order Diptera, the name being derived from the Greek δι- ''di-'' "two", and πτερόν ''pteron'' "wing". Insects of this order use only a single pair of wings to fly, the hindwings having evolved into advanced ...

) was also named after Bychowsky.

References

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bychowsky, Boris Evseevitch 1908 births 1974 deaths Scientists from Saint Petersburg Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences Saint Petersburg State University alumni Recipients of the Order of Lenin Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour Zoologists with author abbreviations Soviet zoologists Burials at Bogoslovskoe Cemetery Soviet parasitologists