Borell–TIS Inequality
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In
mathematics Mathematics is an area of knowledge that includes the topics of numbers, formulas and related structures, shapes and the spaces in which they are contained, and quantities and their changes. These topics are represented in modern mathematics ...
and
probability Probability is the branch of mathematics concerning numerical descriptions of how likely an Event (probability theory), event is to occur, or how likely it is that a proposition is true. The probability of an event is a number between 0 and ...
, the Borell–TIS inequality is a result bounding the probability of a deviation of the
uniform norm In mathematical analysis, the uniform norm (or ) assigns to real- or complex-valued bounded functions defined on a set the non-negative number :\, f\, _\infty = \, f\, _ = \sup\left\. This norm is also called the , the , the , or, when the ...
of a centered
Gaussian Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777–1855) is the eponym of all of the topics listed below. There are over 100 topics all named after this German mathematician and scientist, all in the fields of mathematics, physics, and astronomy. The English eponymo ...
stochastic process In probability theory and related fields, a stochastic () or random process is a mathematical object usually defined as a family of random variables. Stochastic processes are widely used as mathematical models of systems and phenomena that appea ...
above its
expected value In probability theory, the expected value (also called expectation, expectancy, mathematical expectation, mean, average, or first moment) is a generalization of the weighted average. Informally, the expected value is the arithmetic mean of a l ...
. The result is named for
Christer Borell Christer or Krister are varieties of the masculine given name Kristian, derived from the Latin name ''Christianus'', which in turn comes from the Greek word ''khristianós'', which means "follower of Christ". The name, written in its two variants C ...
and its independent discoverers
Boris Tsirelson Boris Semyonovich Tsirelson (May 4, 1950 – January 21, 2020) ( he, בוריס סמיונוביץ' צירלסון, russian: Борис Семёнович Цирельсон) was a Russian–Israeli mathematician and Professor of Mathematics ...
,
Ildar Ibragimov Ildar Ibragimov ( tt-Cyrl, Илдар Ибраһимов; russian: Ильдар Ибрагимов; born 16 August 1967) is a Russian chess player. He was ranked No. 72 in January 2000 with a rating of 2611, while his peak rating of 2637 was ach ...
, and
Vladimir Sudakov Vladimir may refer to: Names * Vladimir (name) for the Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Macedonian, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak and Slovenian spellings of a Slavic name * Uladzimir for the Belarusian version of the name * Volodymyr for the Ukr ...
. The inequality has been described as "the single most important tool in the study of Gaussian processes."


Statement

Let T be a
topological space In mathematics, a topological space is, roughly speaking, a geometrical space in which closeness is defined but cannot necessarily be measured by a numeric distance. More specifically, a topological space is a set whose elements are called points ...
, and let \_ be a centered (i.e. mean zero)
Gaussian process In probability theory and statistics, a Gaussian process is a stochastic process (a collection of random variables indexed by time or space), such that every finite collection of those random variables has a multivariate normal distribution, i.e. e ...
on T, with ::\, f \, _T := \sup_ , f_t ,
almost surely In probability theory, an event is said to happen almost surely (sometimes abbreviated as a.s.) if it happens with probability 1 (or Lebesgue measure 1). In other words, the set of possible exceptions may be non-empty, but it has probability 0. ...
finite, and let ::\sigma_T^2 := \sup_ \operatorname, f_t , ^2. Then \operatorname(\, f \, _T) and \sigma_T are both finite, and, for each u > 0, ::\operatorname \big( \, f \, _T > \operatorname(\, f \, _T) + u \big) \leq \exp\left( \frac \right). Another related statement which is also known as the Borell-TIS inequality is that, under the same conditions as above, ::\operatorname\big(\sup_f_t>\operatorname(\sup_f_t)+u\big) \le \exp\bigg(\frac\bigg), and so by symmetry ::\operatorname\big(, \sup_f_t-\operatorname(\sup_f_t), >u\big) \le 2\exp\bigg(\frac\bigg).


See also

*
Gaussian isoperimetric inequality In mathematics, the Gaussian isoperimetric inequality, proved by Boris Tsirelson and Vladimir Sudakov, and later independently by Christer Borell, states that among all sets of given Gaussian measure in the ''n''-dimensional Euclidean space, half-s ...


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Borell-TIS inequality Probabilistic inequalities