The Bolivian tapaculo (''Scytalopus bolivianus'') is a species of

bird Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweigh ...

in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is found in

Bolivia , image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center , flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ...

and

Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = Seal (emblem), National seal , national_motto = "Fi ...

Taxonomy and systematics

The Bolivian tapaculo was formerly considered a subspecies of

rufous-vented tapaculo The rufous-vented tapaculo (''Scytalopus femoralis'') is a species of bird in the family Rhinocryptidae. It is endemic to Peru. Taxonomy and systematics The rufous-vented tapaculo has no subspecies. However, what are now the Santa Marta tapa ...

(''Scytalopus femoralis'') but was separated based principally on differences in their vocalizations.Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 19 January 2021. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved January 19, 2021Krabbe, N. and T. S. Schulenberg (2020). Bolivian Tapaculo (''Scytalopus bolivianus''), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.boltap1.01 retrieved April 27, 2021

Description

The Bolivian tapaculo is long. Males weigh and one female weighed . The male is mostly dark gray with reddish brown flanks, vent, and crissum (the area around the

cloaca In animal anatomy, a cloaca ( ), plural cloacae ( or ), is the posterior orifice that serves as the only opening for the digestive, reproductive, and urinary tracts (if present) of many vertebrate animals. All amphibians, reptiles and birds, a ...

). It has a variable amount of white on the crown of the head. The female is paler gray washed with brown above with a black-barred brown belly. The juvenile is similar to the female.

Distribution and habitat

The Bolivian tapaculo is found from

Puno Province Puno is a province in the Puno Region, in southeastern Peru. It borders the provinces of Huancane, San Román, El Collao and the Moquegua Region's province of General Sánchez Cerro. Its capital is the city of Puno, which is located at the edg ...

in southeastern Peru into Bolivia as far as Chuquisaca Department. It inhabits dense undergrowth in humid broadleaf forest. Its primary elevational range is but it can be found as high as in a few locations.

Behavior

No information is available on the Bolivian tapaculo's feeding or breeding phenologies. Its song is a trill up to 15 seconds lon

and its alarm call is rendered "kekekeke

The female is thought to utter a high-pitched "brzk

Status

The

IUCN The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natu ...

has assessed the Bolivian tapaculo as being of Least Concern. Though its population number is not known and is thought to be decreasing, it does not meet the criteria for a more critical rating. It does occur in some national parks and preserves.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q1270932 Bolivian tapaculo Birds of the Peruvian Andes Birds of the Bolivian Andes Bolivian tapaculo Taxonomy articles created by Polbot