Blessed Parliament

The 1st Parliament of King James I was summoned by King James I on 31 January 1604 and assembled on 19 March. It was known as the Blessed Parliament and took place in five sessions, interrupted by Holy Days and the Gunpowder Plot. The speaker was Edward Phelips, the Member of Parliament for Somerset.

King James' objective from the first session of his first Parliament after he took the English throne, in addition to that of Scotland, was to bring about a statutory union of the two countries. As he said, he did not wish to be "a husband to two wives". However, the House of Commons rejected the proposal on the grounds that it would affect English common law, and when James sought legal help, he found the judges agreed with Parliament. He was also denied funds, as the subsidy was still being collected.

Parliament reassembled for the second session on 5 November 1605, which was postponed until 6 January 1606 because of the Gunpowder Plot. A bill to outlaw purveyance, whereby the Royal Household could obtain goods by right at reduced prices, was thwarted by the House of Lords. However legislation was successively enacted to prohibit Englishmen from serving in the Spanish armed forces, which were then at war with the Dutch. The Spanish Company, a trading company that claimed a monopoly on trade with Spain, was also suppressed. In reaction to the Gunpowder Plot, James was granted subsidies then worth £400,000.

The third session (November 1606 to July 1607) returned to the issue of union between England and Scotland but agreed only to abolish some medieval laws dealing with Anglo-Scottish hostilities.

The fourth session, delayed by plague and James's reluctance, met on 9 February 1610. Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury, the Lord Treasurer, informed the House that the King needed £600,000 to clear his debts and to modernise the Navy. In addition, he proposed a new annual subsidy for the Royal Household of £200,000 in return for which the King would give up his right of purveyance and other historic privileges. After some negotiations, a deal was agreed tilo, and members left for the summer to consult their constituents on the issue.

The fifth and final session met on 16 October 1610. Support for the "Great Contract", which had been negotiated in the previous session to guarantee the King's finances, ran into difficulties over specific taxes that he was imposing on trade, and the Commons withdrew from the deal. The King's patience had run out. Although it was initially intended that Parliament should reconvene on 9 February 1611, the King's anger was so great that on 31 December he issued a Proclamation dissolving the assembly, therefore nicknamed "Blessed Parliament".

The Parliament was officially dissolved on 9 February 1611.

Notable Acts passed in the Parliament

* Popish Recusants Act 1605
* Presentation of Benefices Act 1605
* Shop-books Evidence Act 1609
* Crown Debts Act 1609
* Assuring and establishing the Isle of Man

See also

* List of MPs elected to the English parliament in 1604
* Acts of the Blessed Parliament
* List of parliaments of England

References

* {{cite web, url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1604-1629/survey/parliament-1604-1610, title=The Parliament of 1604-1610, publisher= History of Parliament Online, accessdate= 25 October 2016

1604 establishments in England
1604 in politics
Parliaments of James I of England