Black Market International (BMI)
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Black Market International (BMI) is a
performance art Performance art is an artwork or art exhibition created through actions executed by the artist or other participants. It may be witnessed live or through documentation, spontaneously developed or written, and is traditionally presented to a pu ...
ist collective with international members, each with an established and independent practice as a solo performer. Since 1985 the group has presented durational collective performances worldwide. The movement was founded under the name ''Market project'' in 1985 in Poznan (Poland) with founders Boris Nieslony, Zygmunt Piotrowski, Tomas Ruller and Jürgen Fritz. In 1986 for the first European tour the name ''Black Market'' was taken. In 1990/91 the group appeared as ''Black Market International'', with personal changes . There have been a variety of different versions of what BMI is about, as the group always avoided the definition of an organised group. The title Black Market does not designate a group, but rather an idea of working. The aim is to promote - like in a
black market A black market, underground economy, or shadow economy is a clandestine market or series of transactions that has some aspect of illegality or is characterized by noncompliance with an institutional set of rules. If the rule defines the se ...
- open and free exchange of ideas, and to achieve an ''Art of Encounter'', or mixed englisch-german “Art of Begegnung”.
Michael LaChance, ''Performance Art Research'', “15 principles of Black Market International"


Members

Until 2014, the group had twelve regular members: * Jürgen Fritz,
Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
*
Norbert Klassen Norbert Klassen (born 30 May 1941 in Duisburg, Germany; died 1 December 2011 in Bern, Switzerland), was an actor, stage director, influential performance artist, educator and organizer of performance art festivals. He has lived and worked in Bern, a ...
,
Switzerland ). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...
(died in 2011) * Miriam Laplante, Canada/Italy * Alastair MacLennan, UK * Helge Meyer, Germany * Boris Nieslony, Germany * Jacques Maria van Poppel,
Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...
* Elvira Santamaria,
Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
* Marco Teubner, Germany * Julie Andree T.,
Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ...
* Roi Vaara,
Finland Finland ( fi, Suomi ; sv, Finland ), officially the Republic of Finland (; ), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of B ...
*
Lee Wen Lee Wen (; 1957–2019) was a Singapore-based performance artist who shaped the development of performance art in Asia. He worked on the notion of identity, ethnicity, freedom, and the individual's relationship to communities and the environme ...
,
Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, borde ...
. Past Black Market International members were: * Zygmunt Piotrowski, Poland * Tomas Ruller, Czech Republic *
Nigel Rolfe Nigel Rolfe (born 1950) is an English-born performance artist and video artist based in Ireland. He is a member of Aosdána, an elite association of Irish artists. Biography Rolfe was born on the Isle of Wight in 1950. He studied at the Farnham ...
, Ireland * Zbigniew Warpechowski, Poland. Several international guest artists have been invited to collaborate in BMI performances throughout the years. ASA Art Service Association - Biography
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See also

*
Performance art Performance art is an artwork or art exhibition created through actions executed by the artist or other participants. It may be witnessed live or through documentation, spontaneously developed or written, and is traditionally presented to a pu ...
*
Fluxus Fluxus was an international, interdisciplinary community of artists, composers, designers and poets during the 1960s and 1970s who engaged in experimental art performances which emphasized the artistic process over the finished product. Fluxus ...
*
Experimental theatre Experimental theatre (also known as avant-garde theatre), inspired largely by Richard Wagner, Wagner's concept of Gesamtkunstwerk, began in Western theatre in the late 19th century with Alfred Jarry and his Ubu Roi, Ubu plays as a rejection of bot ...
*
Living theatre The Living Theatre is an American theatre company founded in 1947 and based in New York City. It is the oldest experimental theatre group in the United States. For most of its history it was led by its founders, actress Judith Malina and painter/po ...
*
Intermedia Intermedia is an art theory term coined in the mid-1960s by Fluxus artist Dick Higgins to describe various interdisciplinarity art activities that occur between genres, beginning in the 1960s. It was also used by John Brockman to refer to works ...
*
Norbert Klassen Norbert Klassen (born 30 May 1941 in Duisburg, Germany; died 1 December 2011 in Bern, Switzerland), was an actor, stage director, influential performance artist, educator and organizer of performance art festivals. He has lived and worked in Bern, a ...
* Alastair MacLennan *
Lee Wen Lee Wen (; 1957–2019) was a Singapore-based performance artist who shaped the development of performance art in Asia. He worked on the notion of identity, ethnicity, freedom, and the individual's relationship to communities and the environme ...
*
List of performance artists Performance art is a performance presented to an audience within a fine art context, traditionally interdisciplinary. Performance may be either scripted or unscripted, random or carefully orchestrated; spontaneous or otherwise carefully planne ...


References

{{reflist


External links


Official website of Black Market International


* ttp://www.performance-art-research.de/black_market_international.html Michael LaChance, ''Performance Art Research''. “15 principles of Black Market International"
About BMI on member Boris Nieslony’s official website




German performance artists Swiss performance artists Performance artist collectives