A bit-oriented protocol is a

communications protocol A communication protocol is a system of rules that allows two or more entities of a communications system to transmit information via any variation of a physical quantity. The protocol defines the rules, syntax, semantics (computer science), sem ...

that sees the transmitted

data Data ( , ) are a collection of discrete or continuous values that convey information, describing the quantity, quality, fact, statistics, other basic units of meaning, or simply sequences of symbols that may be further interpreted for ...

as an ''opaque'' stream of

bit The bit is the most basic unit of information in computing and digital communication. The name is a portmanteau of binary digit. The bit represents a logical state with one of two possible values. These values are most commonly represented as ...

s with no

semantics Semantics is the study of linguistic Meaning (philosophy), meaning. It examines what meaning is, how words get their meaning, and how the meaning of a complex expression depends on its parts. Part of this process involves the distinction betwee ...

, or meaning.

Control code In computing and telecommunications, a control character or non-printing character (NPC) is a code point in a character set that does not represent a written character or symbol. They are used as in-band signaling to cause effects other than ...

s are defined in terms of bit sequences instead of characters. Bit oriented protocol can transfer

data frame A frame is a digital data transmission unit in computer networking and telecommunications. In packet switched systems, a frame is a simple container for a single network packet. In other telecommunications systems, a frame is a repeating structure ...

s regardless of frame contents. It can also be stated as "

bit stuffing In data transmission and telecommunications, bit stuffing (also known—uncommonly—as positive justification) is the insertion of non-information bits into data. Stuffed bits should not be confused with overhead bits. Bit stuffing is used f ...

". Synchronous framing High-Level Data Link Control may work like this: * Each frame begins and ends with a special bit pattern 01111110, called a flag byte. * A

technique is used to prevent the receiver from detecting the special flag byte in user data e.g. whenever the sender's data link layer encounters 5 consecutive 1 (one) in the data, it automatically stuffs 0 into the outgoing stream.

References

Linktionary page for bit-oriented protocol
Data transmission Telecommunication protocols {{comp-sci-stub

See also

References