Bishunpur block is a CD block that forms an administrative division in the

Gumla subdivision Gumla subdivision is an administrative subdivision of the Gumla district in the South Chotanagpur division in the state of Jharkhand, India. History Gumla was made a subdivision of Ranchi district in 1902 and it was made a subdivision of Gumla ...

Gumla district Gumla district is one of the twenty-four districts of Jharkhand state, India, and Gumla town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Etymology For centuries, the place was a meeting center for people from the hinterland who flocked ...

, in the Indian state of

Jharkhand Jharkhand (; ; ) is a state in eastern India. The state shares its border with the states of West Bengal to the east, Chhattisgarh to the west, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Bihar to the north and Odisha to the south. It has an area of . It ...

History

Gumla became a subdivision of Ranchi district in 1902 and it became a separate district in 1983. Simdega district was carved out of Gumla district in 2011. Subsequently, Gumla district was divided into three subdivisions – Gumla Sadar subdivision (with Gumla, Ghaghra, Bharno, Bishunpur, Raidih and Sisia blocks), Basia subdivision (with Palkot, Basia and Kamdara blocks), and Chainpur subdivision (with Chainpur, Albert Ekka (Jari) and Dumri blocks).

Maoist activities

The

Maoist Maoism, officially called Mao Zedong Thought by the Chinese Communist Party, is a variety of Marxism–Leninism that Mao Zedong developed to realise a socialist revolution in the agricultural, pre-industrial society of the Republic of Ch ...

insurgency started spreading around the mid-1990s and poses a big challenge to peace and development of the district. It “is involved in abduction, extortion, extortion killings.” The banned organisation is active largely in the eastern part of the district mainly in Kamadara, Basia, Palkot, Gumla, Raidih, Sisai and Bharno police stations. In order to counter the activities of the insurgents, arms, ammunition and security equipment have been provided in every police station. It includes bullet-proof and landmine-proof vehicles.

Geography

In the southern portion of Gumla district, there are flat topped hills called ''pat'', with an elevation ranging from 2,500 feet to 3,000 feet. The ''pat'' region is spread across Bishunpur, Chainpur and Ghaghra CD blocks. The highest areas are Netarhat pat (3,356 ft), Lamiti pat (3,777 ft) and Galgat pat (3,823 ft). The rest of the district occupies a part of the Ranchi Plateau with an average elevation of 2,300 feet. Three major rivers flowing through Gumla district are

South Koel River South Koel River ( or, ଦକ୍ଷିଣ କୋଏଲ ନଦୀ; hi, दक्षिण कोयल नदी) is a long river which runs across Jharkhand and Odisha states in India. It originates on the Lawapani Waterfalls, near Lohardaga, ...

North Karo River The North Karo River ( hi, ऊत्त्तरि कारो नदी) drains the Indian state of Jharkhand. It originates on the Ranchi Plateau. It forms a high scarp falls, Pheruaghaugh, at the southern margin of the Ranchi plateau. ...

and

Sankh River The Sankh River flows across Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Odisha states in India. The river flows for before it meets the Koel River in Odisha. Course The river starts above sea level in Lupungpat village in Gumla district in Jharkhand and f ...

. The

Sadni Falls Sadni Falls (also called Sadnighagh Falls) is a waterfall located about from Rajadera village in Gumla district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. Geography Location Sadni Falls is located at The Falls The falls on the Sankh River is a sca ...

on the

is a scarp fall. It is referred to as a snake type falls and is a popular picnic spot. Its surroundings are spectacular with hillocks, forests and streams. Bishunpur CD block is bounded by

Peshrar Peshrar is a village in the Peshrar CD block in the Lohardaga Sadar subdivision of the Lohardaga district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. Geography Location Peshrar is located at Area overview The map ...

CD block in Lohardaga district on a portion of the north and the east,

Ghaghra Ghaghra is a census town in the Ghaghra CD block in the Gumla subdivision of the Gumla district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. Geography Location Ghaghra is located at Area overview The map alongside presents a ...

and Chainpur CD blocks on the south, Mahuadanr CD block in Latehar district on a portion of the west, and

Garu Garu may refer to: Places * Akhurian River, also known as Garu, a river in the South Caucasus * Garu, Ghana, town in northeastern Ghana * Garu, Iran (disambiguation), various places in Iran * Garu, Pakistan, village of NWFP, Pakistan Fictional ...

CD block in Latehar district on portions of the west and north. Bishunpur CD block has an area of 609.47 km². Bishunpur police station serves Bishunpur CD block. The headquarters of Bishunpur CD block is located at Bishunpur village.

Demographics

Population

According to the

2011 Census of India The 2011 Census of India or the 15th Indian Census was conducted in two phases, house listing and population enumeration. The House listing phase began on 1 April 2010 and involved the collection of information about all buildings. Information ...

, Bishunpur CD block had a total population of 62,319, all of which were rural. There were 31,506 (51%) males and 30,813 (49%) females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 11,717.

Scheduled Castes The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...

numbered 1,021 (1.64%) and

Scheduled Tribes The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...

numbered 56,052 (89.94%).

Literacy

According to the 2011 census, the total number of literate persons in Bishunpur CD block was 29,322 (57.95% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 17,703 (71.89% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 11,619 (46.52% of the female population over 6 years). The

gender disparity Sex differences in humans have been studied in a variety of fields. Sex determination occurs by the presence or absence of a Y in the 23rd pair of chromosomes in the human genome. Phenotypic sex refers to an individual's sex as determined by the ...

(the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 25.37%. census, literacy in Gumla district was 66.92%. Literacy in Jharkhand was 67.63% in 2011. Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%. See also –

List of Jharkhand districts ranked by literacy rate This is a list of districts in the Indian state of Jharkhand ranked by literacy rate as per provisional data of 2011 census. With a literacy rate of 67.63%, below the national average of 74.04%, as per the 2011 Census, Jharkhand ranks 32nd amongst ...

Language and religion

According to the ''Population by Mother Tongue 2011'' data, in the Bishunpur subdistrict,

Hindi Hindi (Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been de ...

was the mother-tongue of 28,776 persons forming 46.18% of the population, followed by (number of persons and percentage of population in brackets) Kurukh (25,487/ 40.90%), Munda (1,078/ 1.73), Mundari (855/ 1.37%), and persons with other languages as mother-tongue (6,117/ 9.82%). Persons with Hindi as mother-tongue included 12,177 persons having

Sadri Sadri is a municipality in the Pali district of Rajasthan, India. It is considered the gateway to Marwar from Mewar. Sadri is one of the main places of worship for the Jain community. Ranakpur Temple and Shri Parshuram Mahadev Mandir are locate ...

/ Sadan, 14,303 persons having Nagpuri as mother-tongue.
Note: An attempt has been made to include all language groups each with at least 300 persons as their mother-tongue and only those groups with less than 300 persons as their mother-tongue in the census data are normally included in the “other languages” category. Comparatively smaller language groups with 200+ persons as their mother-tongue are mentioned in the text. Many languages have sub-groups. Those who are interested can see the reference for more details. The census data for this page has a large amount for “other languages”, without any information about what it includes.

is the official language in Jharkhand and

Urdu Urdu (;"Urdu"
''

According to the ''Population by Religious Communities 2011'' data, in the Bishunpur subdistrict, ‘Other religious communities’ numbered 46,179 and formed 74.10% of the population, followed by (number of persons and percentage of population in brackets)

Hindus Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism.Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...

(8,409/ 13.49%),

Christians Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...

(7,109/ 11.41%),

Muslims Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abraha ...

(294/ 0.47%), and persons who did not state their religion (328/ 0.53%) ).

numbered 706,754 and formed 68.94% of the total population of Gumla district. Within the scheduled tribes the more populous tribes were (percentage of ST population in 2011 in brackets): Oraon, Dhangars (62.63%), Munda, Patars (11.70%), Kharia, Dhelki Kharia, Dudh Kharia, Hill Kharia (9.07%), Lohras (5.77%) and

Chik Baraik Chik Baraik (also Chik, Chikwa, Baraik and Badaik) is a community found in Indian State of Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Odisha. They were traditionally Weaver. Etymology "Chik" means cloth in Prakrit. The title of "Baraik" was given to them by th ...

(2.57%).

Economy

Overview

80% and over of the population of Gumla district were in the BPL category in 2004–2005. In 2011-12, the proportion of BPL population in Gumla district came down to 36.75%. According to a study in 2013 (modified in 2019), "the incidence of poverty in Jharkhand is estimated at 46%, but 60% of the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes are still below poverty line."

Livelihood

In Bishunpur CD block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 19,284 and formed 64.95%, agricultural labourers numbered 6,062 and formed 20.42%, household industry workers numbered 853 and formed 2.87% and other workers numbered 3,493 and formed 11.76%. Total workers numbered 29,692 and formed 47.65% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 32,627 and formed 52.35% of the population.

Infrastructure

There are 68 inhabited villages in Bishunpur CD block. In 2011, 11 villages had power supply. 3 villages had tap water (treated/ untreated), 68 villages had well water (covered/ uncovered), 67 villages had hand pumps, and all villages have drinking water facility. 7 villages had post offices, 6 villages had sub post offices, 3 villages had telephones (land lines), 26 villages had mobile phone coverage. 68 villages had pucca (paved) village roads, 11 villages had bus service (public/ private), 3 villages had autos/ modified autos, 3 villages had taxi/ vans, 16 villages had tractors. 3 villages had bank branches, 1 village had agricultural credit society, 29 villages had

public distribution system The Public Distribution System (PDS) is an Indian food security system that was established by the Government of India under the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution to distribute food and non-food items to India's poor a ...

, 34 villages had

assembly Assembly may refer to: Organisations and meetings * Deliberative assembly, a gathering of members who use parliamentary procedure for making decisions * General assembly, an official meeting of the members of an organization or of their representa ...

polling stations.

Agriculture

In Gumla district, only three CD blocks, namely Sisai, Bharno and Kamdara, have plain lands. Rest of the district is mostly undulating in nature. Forests cover around 27% of the total area. About 35% of the total geographical area of the district is under cultivation. Out of 3.296 lakh hectare cultivable lands, only 22,056 hectare of land is under assured irrigation coverage. “The main economy of the village depends upon agriculture, forest produce, cattle development, and other labour activities...” About 70% farmers belong to the small and marginal category and have small plots scattered all around. Percentages of landless farmers are negligible.

Bauxite mining

Bauxite Bauxite is a sedimentary rock with a relatively high aluminium content. It is the world's main source of aluminium and gallium. Bauxite consists mostly of the aluminium minerals gibbsite (Al(OH)3), boehmite (γ-AlO(OH)) and diaspore (α-AlO(O ...

and laterite (aluminium ore) is found in “villages of Amtipani, Langdatanr, Chirodih, Jalim, Narma, Bahagara and Gurdari of Bishunpur block, Langatanr, Lupungpat and Chota-agiatu in Chainpur block and Hanrup, Serengdag and Jalim in Ghaghra block. The total number of bauxite mines is twenty one”.

Backward Regions Grant Fund

Gumla district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the

Backward Regions Grant Fund Backward or Backwards is a relative direction. Backwards or Sdrawkcab (the word "backwards" with its letters reversed) may also refer to: * "Backwards" (''Red Dwarf''), episode of sci-fi TV sitcom ''Red Dwarf'' ** ''Backwards'' (novel), a nov ...

. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 21 districts of Jharkhand.

Education

Bishunpur CD block had 33 villages with pre-primary schools, 62 villages with primary schools, 28 villages with middle schools, 9 villages with secondary schools, 2 villages with senior secondary schools, 4 villages had no educational facility.
.*Senior secondary schools are also known as Inter colleges in Jharkhand

Healthcare

Bishunpur CD block had 3 villages with primary health centres, 14 villages with primary health subcentres, 9 villages with maternity and child welfare centres, 4 villages with allopathic hospitals, 2 villages with dispensaries, 3 villages with family welfare centres, 3 villages with medicine shops.
.*Private medical practitioners, alternative medicine etc. not included

References

{{Authority control Community development blocks in Gumla district