The Diocese of Tournai is a
Latin Church
, native_name_lang = la
, image = San Giovanni in Laterano - Rome.jpg
, imagewidth = 250px
, alt = Façade of the Archbasilica of St. John in Lateran
, caption = Archbasilica of Saint Joh ...
ecclesiastical territory or
diocese
In church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop.
History
In the later organization of the Roman Empire, the increasingly subdivided provinces were administratively associa ...
of the
Catholic Church in Belgium
The Catholic Church in Belgium, part of the global Catholic Church in Belgium, is under the spiritual leadership of the Pope, the curia in Rome and the Episcopal Conference of Bishops.
Dioceses
There are eight dioceses, including one archdioces ...
. The diocese was formed in 1146, upon the dissolution of the Diocese of Noyon & Tournai, which had existed since the 7th Century. It is now
suffragan in the
ecclesiastical province
An ecclesiastical province is one of the basic forms of jurisdiction in Christian Churches with traditional hierarchical structure, including Western Christianity and Eastern Christianity. In general, an ecclesiastical province consists of seve ...
of the
metropolitan Archdiocese of Mechelen-Brussels
In church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop.
History
In the later organization of the Roman Empire, the increasingly subdivided provinces were administratively associate ...
. The
cathedra is found within the
Cathedral of Notre-Dame de Tournai, which has been classified both as a major site for
Wallonia
Wallonia (; french: Wallonie ), or ; nl, Wallonië ; wa, Waloneye or officially the Walloon Region (french: link=no, Région wallonne),; nl, link=no, Waals gewest; wa, link=no, Redjon walone is one of the three regions of Belgium—alo ...
's heritage since 1936 and as a
World Heritage Site
A World Heritage Site is a landmark or area with legal protection by an international convention administered by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). World Heritage Sites are designated by UNESCO for h ...
since 2000.
History
As early as the second half of the 3rd century
St. Piat
Piatus of Tournai (also Piaton, Platon, Piat, Piato) (died c. 286) was a Belgian saint. He was a native of Benevento, Italy, and is traditionally said to have been sent by the pope to evangelize the cities of Chartres and Tournai. Tradition also ...
evangelized Tournai; some sources name him as the first bishop, but this remains unsubstantiated. At the end of the 3rd century
Emperor Maximian
Maximian ( la, Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximianus; c. 250 – c. July 310), nicknamed ''Herculius'', was Roman emperor from 286 to 305. He was ''Caesar'' from 285 to 286, then ''Augustus'' from 286 to 305. He shared the latter title with his ...
rekindled persecutions, and St. Piat was martyred as a result.
[Warichez, Joseph. "Tournai." The Catholic Encyclopedia]
Vol. 14. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912. 7 September 2019
Barbarian invasions began shortly afterwards. These lasted from the end of the 3rd century till the end of the 5th century.
St. Remigius used the good-will of the Frankish monarchy to organize the Catholic hierarchy in the North of Gaul. He confided the Diocese of Arras and Cambrai to
St. Vaast
Vedast or Vedastus, also known as Saint Vaast (in Flemish, Norman and Picard) or Saint Waast (also in Picard and Walloon), Saint Gaston in French, and Foster in English (died ) was an early bishop in the Frankish realm. After the victory of T ...
(Vedastus), and founded the See of Tournai (c. 500), appointing as its titular
Eleutherius.
[
It was probably its status of royal city which secured Tournai's early rise, only to lose its position as capital upon the departure of the ]Merovingian
The Merovingian dynasty () was the ruling family of the Franks from the middle of the 5th century until 751. They first appear as "Kings of the Franks" in the Roman army of northern Gaul. By 509 they had united all the Franks and northern Gauli ...
court. Nevertheless, it maintained its own bishops for nearly a century. Then, at about 626 or 627, under the episcopate of St. Achar, the sees of Tournai and Noyon were reunited, retaining however their separate structures. Tournai lost its privileges and was relegated to level of the neighbouring dioceses, such as Boulogne and Therouanne, Arras and Cambrai. The same ordinary held both sees for five hundred years. It was only in 1146 that Tournai received its own bishop.[
]
Notable bishops are: St. Eleutherius (beginning of 6th century); St. Achar (626/27 – 1 March 637/38); St. Eloi (641–660); Simon de Vermandois (1121–1146); Walter de Marvis (1219–1251), the great founder of schools and hospitals; Etienne of Tournai (1192–1203), godfather of Louis VII of France and minister to the queen; Andrea Chini Malpiglia
Andrea is a given name which is common worldwide for both males and females, cognate to Andreas, Andrej and Andrew.
Origin of the name
The name derives from the Greek word ἀνήρ (''anēr''), genitive ἀνδρός (''andrós''), that re ...
(1334–42), cardinal and papal legate; Guillaume Fillastre (1460–1473), chancellor of the Golden Fleece
In Greek mythology, the Golden Fleece ( el, Χρυσόμαλλον δέρας, ''Chrysómallon déras'') is the fleece of the golden-woolled,, ''Khrusómallos''. winged ram, Chrysomallos, that rescued Phrixus and brought him to Colchis, where ...
; Michel de Warenghien (1283–1291), a very erudite doctor; Michel d'Esne (1597–1614), the author of several works. Raphael de Mercatellis
Raphael de Mercatellis, also known as Raphael of Burgundy (1473–3 August 1508), was a church official, imperial counsellor and bibliophile. He was the illegitimate son of Duke Philip the Good of Burgundy and a woman of Venetian origins, the w ...
(1487–1507), illegitimate son of Philip the Good and noted bibliophile
Bibliophilia or bibliophilism is the love of books. A bibliophile or bookworm is an individual who loves and frequently reads and/or collects books.
Profile
The classic bibliophile is one who loves to read, admire and collect books, often ama ...
, was auxiliary bishop of Tournai.
During Spanish rule (1521–1667) the see continued to be occupied by natives of the country, but the seize of Tournai by Louis XIV
, house = Bourbon
, father = Louis XIII
, mother = Anne of Austria
, birth_date =
, birth_place = Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
, death_date =
, death_place = Palace of Ver ...
in 1667 caused it to have a number of Frenchmen for bishop: Gilbert de choiseul duplessis praslin
Gilbert Choiseul du Plessis-Praslin (born 1613; died at Paris, 31 December 1689) was a French bishop.
Early life
He was a descendant of the noble family of Plessis (disambiguation), du Plessis. He devoted himself from his earliest youth to the e ...
(1670–1689); François de La Salle de Caillebot (1692–1705); Louis Marcel de Coëtlogon (1705–1707); François de Beauveau (1708–1713). After the Treaty of Utrecht
The Peace of Utrecht was a series of peace treaties signed by the belligerents in the War of the Spanish Succession, in the Dutch city of Utrecht between April 1713 and February 1715. The war involved three contenders for the vacant throne ...
(1713) the French were replaced by Germans: Johann Ernst, Count of Löwenstein-Wertheim
Löwenstein-Wertheim was a county of the Holy Roman Empire, part of the Franconian Circle. It was formed from the counties of Löwenstein (based in the town of Löwenstein) and Wertheim (based in the town of Wertheim am Main) and from 1488 until ...
(1713–1731); Franz Ernst, Count of Salm-Reifferscheid
Salm is the name of several historic countships and principalities in present Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg and France.
History
Origins
The County of Salm arose in the tenth century in Vielsalm, in the Ardennes region of present Belgium. It was ...
(1731–1770); Wilhelm Florentine, Prince of Salm-Salm
The Principality of Salm-Salm (german: Fürstentum Salm-Salm; french: Principauté de Salm-Salm) was a state of the Holy Roman Empire. It was located in the present-day French departments of Bas-Rhin and Vosges; it was one of a number of partitions ...
(1776–1794).
The reunion of the see with Noyon and the ensuing removal of the seat of the bishopric bolstered the chapter. The chapter's requirement to appoint only nobility and scholars, as set forth by the old régime, tended to attract the highly born and educated. Illustrious French and Belgian names are inscribed in the archive's registers and on the cathedral's tombstones. The cathedral, long by wide, is surmounted by 5 towers high. The nave and transept are Romanesque (12th century), while the choir is primary Gothic, begun in 1242 and completed in 1325.
Originally, the borders of the diocese arguably were those of the ''Civitas Turnacensium'', as mentioned in the "Notice des Gaules". The prescriptions of councils and the interest of the Church both favoured such borders, and they were retained throughout the Middle Ages. The diocese then further extended along the left bank of the river Schelde, from the river Scarpe to the North Sea, with the exception of the Vier-Ambachten (Hulst, Axel, Bouchaute, and Assenede), which are said to have always belonged to the Diocese of Utrecht. The Schelde thus formed the natural border between the Dioceses of Tournai and Cambrai, cutting through the towns of Termonde, Ghent, Oudenarde, and Tournai itself. The North Sea seaboard between the Schelde and the Yser was wholly part of this perimeter. On the far side of the Yser resided the Diocese of Thérouanne
In church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop.
History
In the later organization of the Roman Empire, the increasingly subdivided provinces were administratively associat ...
, which bordered Tournai as far as Ypres. There began the Diocese of Arras
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Arras (–Boulogne–Saint-Omer) (Latin: ''Dioecesis Atrebatensis (–Bononiena–Audomarensis)''; French: ''Diocèse d'Arras (–Boulogne–Saint-Omer)'') is a diocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church i ...
, which bordered Tournai as far as the confluence of the Scarpe and the Schelde at Mortgne, France. This vast diocese was for a long time divided into three archdeaneries and twelve deaneries. The archdeanery of Bruges comprised the deaneries of Bruges, Ardenbourg, and Oudenbourg; the archdeanery of Ghent, the deaneries of Ghent, Roulers, Oudenarde, and Waes; the archdeanery of Tournai, the deaneries of Tournai, Seclin, Helchin, Lille, and Courtrai.
In 1559, to support the war against Protestantism, King Philip II of Spain obtained from Paul IV
Pope Paul IV, born Gian Pietro Carafa, C.R. ( la, Paulus IV; it, Paolo IV; 28 June 1476 – 18 August 1559) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 23 May 1555 to his death in August 1559. While serving as pap ...
the foundation of a series of new dioceses. The ancient Diocese of Tournai was split up, with nearly two-thirds of its territory being cut away. The outlines of the archdeaneries of Bruges and Ghent formed the new diocese of Bruges and diocese of Ghent
The Diocese of Ghent (Latin: ''Dioecesis Gandavensis'') is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Belgium. It is a suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Mechelen-Brussel ...
, and six parishes passed to the new diocese of Ypres. This situation lasted until the beginning of the 19th century. The French Revolution created the Department of Jemappes, which in 1815 became the Province of Hainaut
Hainaut (, also , , ; nl, Henegouwen ; wa, Hinnot; pcd, Hénau), historically also known as Heynowes in English, is a province of Wallonia and Belgium.
To its south lies the French department of Nord, while within Belgium it borders (clock ...
, whose borders coincided with those of the Diocese of Tournai, after a concordat between the plenipotentiaries of Pius VI and the consular government of the republic. The Bishop of Tournai retained only two scores of the parishes formerly under his jurisdiction, but received on the right bank of the Schelde a number of parishes which, prior to the Revolution, had belonged to the Diocese of Cambrai (302), Namur (50), and Liège (50).
Bishops
To 1146
* 540 : St. Eleutherius of Tournai
Saint Eleutherius of Tournai (french: Eleuthère) (died c. 532) is venerated as a saint and considered the first bishop of Tournai. (Eleuthere)
* c. 549 and 552 : Agrecius
* 545 : Medardus
Saint Medardus or St Medard ( French: ''Médard'' or ''Méard'') (ca. 456–545) was the Bishop of Noyon. He moved the seat of the diocese from Vermand to Noviomagus Veromanduorum (modern Noyon) in northern France. Medardus was one of the most ...
*Then jointly with Noyon
* c. 626–c. 638 : Acarius
Saint Acarius (died 14 March 642) was a monk of Luxeuil Abbey, who became bishop of Doornik and Noyon, which today are located on either side of the Franco-Belgian border.
Life
Acarius was born to a noble family of Burgundy. He entered the Abbey ...
* 641–660 : Eligius Eligius may refer to:
* Saint Eligius
Saint Eligius (also Eloy, Eloi or Loye; french: Éloi; 11 June 588 – 1 December 660 AD) is the patron saint of goldsmiths, other metalworkers, and coin collectors. He is also the patron saint of veteri ...
* c. 661–c. 686 : Mummolenus
* Gondoin
* c. 700 : Antgaire
* c. 715 : Chrasmar
* c. 721 : Garoul
* c. 723 : Framenger
* c. 730 : Hunuan
* c. 740 : Gui et Eunuce
* c. 748 : Elisée
* c. 756/765 : Adelfred
* ? : Didon
* 769–c. 782 : Giselbert
* c. 798/799 : Pleon
* c. 815 : Wendelmarus
* c. 830/838 : Ronegaire
* c. 830/838 : Fichard
* 840–860 : Immon
* 860–879 : Rainelme
* 880–902 : Heidilon
* 909 : Rambert
* 915–932 : Airard
* †936 : Walbert
* 937–950 : Transmar Transmar was a 10th-century bishop of Tournai and Noyon. Before his appointment to the dual see in 937, he was a monk in the Abbey of Saint-Vaast in Arras and served as provost of his monastery.J. Warichez, "Transmare", ''Biographie Nationale de ...
, Transmarus
* 950–954 : Rudolf
* 954–955 : Fulcher
* 955–977 : Hadulphe
* 977–988 : Liudolf of Vermandois
* 989–997 : Radbod I
* 1000–1030 : Hardouin
* 1030–1044 : Hugo
* 1044–1068 : Balduin
* 1068–1098 : Radbod II
* 1099–1112 : Baldric of Noyon Baldric of Noyon was the forty-second bishop of Tournai (1099–1112).F. Hennebert, "Baldéric", ''Biographie Nationale de Belgique''vol. 1(Brussels, 1866), 659-661. A chronicle of Arras and Cambrai has mistakenly been attributed to him. His survi ...
* 1114–1123 : Lambert
* 1123–1146 : Simon of Vermandois
* Diocese split
1146 to 1500; bishops of Tournai
* 1146–1149 : Anselm
* 1149–1166 : Gerard
* 1166–1171 : Walter
* 1173–1190 : Everard
* 1193–1203 : Stephen of Tournai
* 1203–1218 : Gossuin
* 1219–1251 : Walter of Marvis
Walter of Marvis (ca.1175 - 1252) was a leading Flemish churchman who served between 1219 and 1252 as the Bishop of Tournai / Doornik, a time during which the diocese also included the modern dioceses of Bruges and Ghent.
Biography
Walter came fr ...
* 1252–1261 : Walter of Croix
Walter may refer to:
People
* Walter (name), both a surname and a given name
* Little Walter, American blues harmonica player Marion Walter Jacobs (1930–1968)
* Gunther (wrestler), Austrian professional wrestler and trainer Walter Hahn (born 19 ...
* 1261–1266 : Johann I. Buchiau
* 1267–1274 : John of Enghien John of Enghien (died 1281) was the 54th bishop of Tournai and the 69th bishop of Liège in the Low Countries.
Life
John of Enghien was born to a noble family in the County of Hainaut, son of Siger of Enghien and Alix of Sotteghem. Alphonse Le Roy, ...
* 1275–1282 : Philipp Mus
* 1283–1291 : Michael von Warenghien
* 1292–1300 : Johann III. von Vassogne
* 1301–1324 : Guy of Boulogne
Guy of Boulogne (1313 – 25 November 1373) was a statesman and cardinal who served the Avignon Papacy for 33 years. He participated in the papal conclaves of 1352, 1362 and 1370, and was the Subdean of the Sacred College of Cardinals. His dip ...
(also Bishop of Cambrai
The Archdiocese of Cambrai ( la, Archdiocesis Cameracensis; French: ''Archidiocèse de Cambrai'') is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in France, comprising the arrondissements of Avesnes-sur-Help ...
)
* 1324–1326 : Elie de Ventadour
* 1326–1333 : Guillaume de Ventadour
* 1333 : Theobald of Saussoire
* 1334–1342 : André Ghini
* 1342–1349 : Jean IV. des Prés
* 1349–1350 : Pierre de Forest (also Bishop of Paris)
* 1351–1377 : Pierre d'Arbois
Pierre is a masculine given name. It is a French form of the name Peter. Pierre originally meant "rock" or "stone" in French (derived from the Greek word πέτρος (''petros'') meaning "stone, rock", via Latin "petra"). It is a translation ...
* 1379–1388 : Pierre d'Auxy
** 1380–1384 : Jean de West
* 1388–1410 : Louis de la Trémouille Louis may refer to:
* Louis (coin)
* Louis (given name), origin and several individuals with this name
* Louis (surname)
* Louis (singer), Serbian singer
* HMS ''Louis'', two ships of the Royal Navy
See also
Derived or associated terms
* Lewis (d ...
* 1410–1433 : Jean de Thoisy
* 1433–1437 : Jean d'Harcourt
* 1437–1460 : Jean Chevrot
* 1460–1473 : Guillaume Fillastre
* 1474–1483 : Ferry de Clugny
Ferry de Clugny, Cardinal and Bishop of Tournai (Autun ca. 1430 – Rome 7 October 1483) was a highly placed statesman and ecclesiastic in the service of the Dukes of Burgundy.
He was born at Autun, Burgundy, of a distinguished house that produ ...
* 1483–1505 : ''Schism''
1500 to 1800
* 1505–1513 : Charles de Hautbois
* 1514–1518 : Thomas Wolsey
Thomas Wolsey ( – 29 November 1530) was an English statesman and Catholic bishop. When Henry VIII became King of England in 1509, Wolsey became the king's Lord High Almoner, almoner. Wolsey's affairs prospered and by 1514 he had become the ...
* 1519–1524 : Louis Guillard Louis may refer to:
* Louis (coin)
* Louis (given name), origin and several individuals with this name
* Louis (surname)
* Louis (singer), Serbian singer
* HMS ''Louis'', two ships of the Royal Navy
See also
Derived or associated terms
* Lewis ...
, bishop-elect from 1513 but displaced by Wolsey until 1519
* 1524–1564 : Charles de Croÿ
* 1564–1574 : Gilbert d'Oignies
* 1574–1580 : Pierre Pintaflour
* 1580–1586 : Maximilien Morillon
Maximilien Morillon (1516/17–1586) was a senior clergyman in the Habsburg Netherlands who became bishop of Tournai.
Life
Morillon was born in Brussels in 1516 or 1517, the son of Gui Morillon, a Burgundian who was professor of Greek at Leuven ...
* 1586–1592 : Jean Vendeville (Jean Venduille)
* 1592–1597 : ''Vacant''
* 1597–1614 : Michel D'Esne
* 1614–1644 : Maximilien Villain
Maximilien Villain de Gand (1569–1644) was a bishop of Tournai in the Habsburg Netherlands.
Life
Villain was the son of Adam Villain de Gand, governor of Lille, Douai and Orchies, and Philippine de Jausse de Mastaing.Alfred Deboutte, "Villain ...
* 1644–1660 : François Villain
* 1660–1689 : Gilbert de Choiseul
* 1689–1705 : François de Caillebot de La Salle
* 1705–1707 : Louis-Marcel de Coëtlogon-Méjusseaume
* 1707–1713 : René de Beauveau (then Bishop of Toulouse
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toulouse (–Saint Bertrand de Comminges–Rieux) ( la, Archidioecesis Tolosana (–Convenarum–Rivensis); French: ''Archidiocèse de Toulouse (–Saint-Bertrand de Comminges–Rieux-Volvestre)''; Occitan: ''A ...
)
* 1713–1731 : Johann Ernst von Löwenstein-Wertheim
* 1731–1770 : Franz Ernst von Salm-Reifferscheid
* 1770–1776 : ''Vacant''
* 1776–1793 : Wilhelm Florentin von Salm-Salm
Wilhelm may refer to:
People and fictional characters
* William Charles John Pitcher, costume designer known professionally as "Wilhelm"
* Wilhelm (name), a list of people and fictional characters with the given name or surname
Other uses
* Mount ...
(then Archbishop of Prague
The following is a list of bishops and archbishops of Prague. The bishopric of Prague was established in 973, and elevated to an archbishopric on 30 April 1344. The current Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Prague is the continual successor of the bi ...
)
* 1793–1802 : ''Vacant''
From 1800
* 1802–1819 : François-Joseph Hirn
* 1819–1829 : ''Vacant''
* 1829–1834 : Jean Joseph Delplancq
Jean Joseph Delplancq (1767–1834) was a 19th-century bishop of Tournai and one of the founders of the Catholic University of Leuven.
Life
Delplancq was born in Thieu on 30 January 1767.Aloïs Simon, "Delplancq, Jean Joseph", in ''Biographie Nati ...
* 1835–1872 : Gaspard-Joseph Labis
Gaspard-Joseph Labis (1792–1872) was a 19th-century bishop of Tournai.A. Simon, "Labis, Gaspard-Joseph", ''Biographie Nationale de Belgique''vol. 30(Brussels, 1958), 493-496.
Life
Labis was born in Warcoing on 2 June 1792. He was educated in To ...
* 1873–1880 : Edmond Dumont[ :fr:Edmond Dumont]
* 1881–1897 : Isidore-Joseph du Rousseaux
* 1897–1915 : Carolus Gustavus Walravens
* 1915–1924 : Amédée Crooy
* 1924–1939 : Gaston-Antoine Rasneur
Gaston-Antoine Rasneur (1874–1939) was bishop of Tournai from 1924 to 1939.
Life
Rasneur was born in on 26 February 1874. He was ordained to the priesthood for the diocese of Tournai in 1899 and graduated Doctor of Sacred Theology from the Cath ...
* 1940–1945 : Luigi Delmotte
* 1945–1948 : Etienne Carton de Wiart
* 1948–1977 : Charles-Marie Himmer
* 1977–2002 : Jean Huard
* 2003–present : Guy Harpigny
Guy Harpigny (born 13 April 1948 in Luttre, Belgium) is a Belgian Bishop of the Catholic Church.
He was ordained to the priesthood on 7 July 1973. On 22 May 2003 he was appointed Bishop of the Diocese of Tournai by Pope John Paul II
...
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Roman Catholic Diocese Of Tournai
Tournai
Religious organizations established in the 1140s
1146 establishments in Europe
Roman Catholic dioceses established in the 12th century
Tournai