The Italian Catholic Archdiocese of Trento ( la, Archidioecesis Tridentina, German Trient), in the
Triveneto
The Triveneto (), or Tre Venezie () ( vec, Tre Venesie, german: Venetien), is a historical region of Italy. The area included what has become the three Italian regions of ''Venezia Euganea'', ''Venezia Giulia'' and ''Venezia Tridentina''. This ter ...
, is a Latin Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese named after its see in Alpine Italy,
Trento
Trento ( or ; Ladin and lmo, Trent; german: Trient ; cim, Tria; , ), also anglicized as Trent, is a city on the Adige River in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol in Italy. It is the capital of the autonomous province of Trento. In the 16th centu ...
(Tr(i)ent), in
Trentino-Alto Adige region.
The seat (throne) of the archbishop is in the
Minor basilica
In the Catholic Church, a basilica is a designation given by the Pope to a church building. Basilicas are distinguished for ceremonial purposes from other churches. The building need not be a basilica in the architectural sense (a rectangular ...
Cattedrale di S. Vigilio Vescovo in Trento. The diocese has two other minor basilicas: the Basilica S. Maria Maggiore (city of Trento), and the Basilica di Ss. Sisinio, Martirio e Alessandro (
Sanzeno
Sanzeno (, ''Sanzén'' in local dialect) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about north of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 948 and an area of .Al ...
).
History
It is said that Christianity was introduced in the Val d'Adige circa 200 AD, where the Diocese of Trento was later established. The diocese, however, was a creation of the 4th century. It became a
suffragan
A suffragan bishop is a type of bishop in some Christian denominations.
In the Anglican Communion, a suffragan bishop is a bishop who is subordinate to a metropolitan bishop or diocesan bishop (bishop ordinary) and so is not normally jurisdictiona ...
of the Patriarchs of Aquileia-Grado.
The original cathedral of S. Vigilius was founded , and restored and rebuilt several times during the Middle Ages. It was rededicated under Bishop Altmannus by the Patriarch of Aquileia, Peregrinus, in 1145.
On 31 May 1027, the Emperor
Conrad II
Conrad II ( – 4 June 1039), also known as and , was the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire from 1027 until his death in 1039. The first of a succession of four Salian emperors, who reigned for one century until 1125, Conrad ruled the kingdoms ...
granted the bishops of Trent the County of Trent, and thereby beginning the history of the
Prince-Bishopric of Trent
The Prince-Bishopric of Trent ( la, Episcopatus ac Principatus Tridentinus; german: Hochstift Trient, Fürstbistum Trient, Bistum Trient) was an ecclesiastical principality roughly corresponding to the present-day Northern Italian autonomous pr ...
as a state of the
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a Polity, political entity in Western Europe, Western, Central Europe, Central, and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, dissolution i ...
.
In 1786, it gained territory from the
Diocese of Feltre.
In August 1797, French invasion troops under
General Masséna occupied Trent. They were forced to retreat in the winter, due to the Austrian advance. But they returned in January 1801, and after the
Treaty of Lunéville
The Treaty of Lunéville (or Peace of Lunéville) was signed in the Treaty House of Lunéville on 9 February 1801. The signatory parties were the French Republic and Emperor Francis II, who signed on his own behalf as ruler of the hereditary doma ...
on 9 February 1801, the prince-bishopric of Trent was abolished and its government secularized (1803); its territory was handed over to Austria and made a part of the
County of Tyrol
The (Princely) County of Tyrol was an estate of the Holy Roman Empire established about 1140. After 1253, it was ruled by the House of Gorizia and from 1363 by the House of Habsburg. In 1804, the County of Tyrol, unified with the secularised pr ...
. In 1805, Trent, Tyrol, and the city and territory of Roveredo were transferred to the
Kingdom of Bavaria
The Kingdom of Bavaria (german: Königreich Bayern; ; spelled ''Baiern'' until 1825) was a German state that succeeded the former Electorate of Bavaria in 1805 and continued to exist until 1918. With the unification of Germany into the German E ...
. In 1810, the Emperor Napoleon transferred Trent to his new
Kingdom of Italy
The Kingdom of Italy ( it, Regno d'Italia) was a state that existed from 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Kingdom of Sardinia, Sardinia was proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy, proclaimed King of Italy, until 1946, when civil discontent led to ...
, declaring Trent to be the capital of the
Department of Alto Adige
The Department of Alto Adige (Italian and official ''Dipartimento dell'Alto Adige'', french: link=no, département du Haut-Adige, translated into English ''Department of Upper Adige'') was a northern department of the Napoleonic Kingdom of Ital ...
, and requiring it to be administered entirely by Italians.
From 1809 until 1814,
Pope Pius VII
Pope Pius VII ( it, Pio VII; born Barnaba Niccolò Maria Luigi Chiaramonti; 14 August 1742 – 20 August 1823), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 14 March 1800 to his death in August 1823. Chiaramonti was also a m ...
was a prisoner in France, and unable to deal with the changes being made by Napoleon. On his fall, however, the pope faced a chaos in the Churches which had suffered the intrusion of the French. New diplomatic and ecclesiastical arrangements (concordats) with the various restored powers were necessary. On 9 May 1818, therefore, Pius VII issued the bull , formalizing the agreements which had been reached with the Austrian Emperor Francis I concerning the provinces of Tyrol and Voralberg. The Pope noted that in a very large area there were only three dioceses (Salzburg, Trent, and Brixen) and one vicariate (Feldkirch). He announced his intention to elevate Feldkirch into a diocese. In the bull, he assigned new limits to each of the dioceses by listing the parishes; Trent gained a few parishes from Brixen. No metropolitan is named in the bull. Salzburg had been secularized at the same time as Trent, and the archbishop had died in 1812. At the time of the bull, the archbishopric of Salzburg was vacant; it was reconstituted in 1823.
On 29 September 1822, in the bull , on a petition presented by
Count Antal Apponyi, ambassador of the Emperor Francis I to the Holy See,
Pope Pius VII
Pope Pius VII ( it, Pio VII; born Barnaba Niccolò Maria Luigi Chiaramonti; 14 August 1742 – 20 August 1823), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 14 March 1800 to his death in August 1823. Chiaramonti was also a m ...
granted the emperor the privilege of nominating the bishops of Trent and Brixen. The bull states that this was done with the consent of the Chapters of the two cathedrals (who thereby lost their right to free election of their bishop), as well as of the bishop of Brixen.
On 7 March 1825,
Pope Leo XII
Pope Leo XII ( it, Leone XII; born Annibale Francesco Clemente Melchiorre Girolamo Nicola della Genga (; 2 August 1760 – 10 February 1829), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 28 September 1823 to his death ...
issued the bull , in which he named Salzburg as the metropolitan of the ecclesiastical province, and assigned as suffragans the dioceses of Trent, Brixen, Gurk, Seckau, and Lavant. In the same document he determined that the cathedral Chapter of Trent should have three dignities (the Dean, the Provost, and the Archdeacon) and four Canons. One of the Canons was to serve as Penitentiary, another as Theologus, "who, on stated days, should explain holy scripture."
On 14 June 1929, by the bull ,
Pope Pius XI
Pope Pius XI ( it, Pio XI), born Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti (; 31 May 1857 – 10 February 1939), was head of the Catholic Church from 6 February 1922 to his death in February 1939. He was the first sovereign of Vatican City fro ...
raised diocese of Trent to the status of an archdiocese.
On 6 July 1964, by the bull ,
Pope Paul VI
Pope Paul VI ( la, Paulus VI; it, Paolo VI; born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini, ; 26 September 18976 August 1978) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City, Vatican City State from 21 June 1963 to his ...
removed territory from the diocese of Trent and assigned it to the
Diocese of Brixen
The Diocese of Bolzano-Brixen (german: Diözese Bozen-Brixen, it, Diocesi di Bolzano-Bressanone, la, Dioecesis Bauzanensis-Brixinensis) is a Catholic diocese in northern Italy, with its seat in the city of Bolzano. Its territory corresponds wit ...
(Bressanone).
The archdiocese of Trent only became a
metropolitan see
Metropolitan may refer to:
* Metropolitan area, a region consisting of a densely populated urban core and its less-populated surrounding territories
* Metropolitan borough, a form of local government district in England
* Metropolitan county, a t ...
on 6 August 1964, when Pope Paul VI issued the bull , creating a new ecclesiastical province and naming the newly created
Diocese of Bolzano-Brixen as its only
suffragan
A suffragan bishop is a type of bishop in some Christian denominations.
In the Anglican Communion, a suffragan bishop is a bishop who is subordinate to a metropolitan bishop or diocesan bishop (bishop ordinary) and so is not normally jurisdictiona ...
.
Pope John Paul II
Pope John Paul II ( la, Ioannes Paulus II; it, Giovanni Paolo II; pl, Jan Paweł II; born Karol Józef Wojtyła ; 18 May 19202 April 2005) was the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 1978 until his ...
visited in July 1988 and April 1995. On the latter occasion, on 30 April 1995, he beatified Bishop Johann Nepomuk von Tschiderer zu Gleifheim, a 19th century bishop of Trent.
Diocesan synods
A diocesan synod was an irregularly held, but important, meeting of the bishop of a diocese and his clergy. Its purpose was (1) to proclaim generally the various decrees already issued by the bishop; (2) to discuss and ratify measures on which the bishop chose to consult with his clergy; (3) to publish statutes and decrees of the diocesan synod, of the provincial synod, and of the Holy See.
[ John Paul II, Constitutio Apostolica ''de Synodis Dioecesanis Agendis'' (March 19, 1997)]
''Acta Apostolicae Sedis'' 89
(1997), pp. 706-27.
Bishop Fredericus von Wangen (1207–1218) presided over a diocesan synod in Trent in 1208, and issued Synodal Statutes concerning the election of church dignities. The Teutonic Knight, Fr. Henricus, O.T. (1274–1289), held a diocesan synod on 6 November 1276. Bishop Enrico di Metz (1310–1336) held a diocesan synod on 14 January 1336, the complete proceedings of which were published by Benedetto Bonelli. In 1344, Bishop Nicolò da Bruna (1338–1347) held a diocesan synod.
A diocesan synod was held in the cathedral of Trent by Bishop Udalrich Frundsberg (1486–1493) on 17–18 March 1489. Bishop Uldarich von Liechtenstein (1486–1505) held a synod on 4–5 April 1497.
Bishop Georg von Neideck (1506–1514) held a diocesan synod. Cardinal Bernhard von Cles (1514–1539) held a diocesan synod, in 1538. Cardinal Ludovico Madruzzo (1567–1600) held a diocesan synod in 1575, in which it was decreed that clerics should not grow mustaches, since it might interfere with drinking the blood of Christ from the communion cup. Madruzzo held another synod in 1593.
Bishops and archbishops
Bishops of Trento
to 900
*Iovinus (mid-4th cent.)
*Abundantius (attested 381)
*
Vigilius of Trent
Saint Vigilius of Trent ( it, San Vigilio di Trento, german: Vigilius von Trient; c. 353 – 26 June 405) is venerated as the patron saint and bishop of Trent. He should not be confused with the pope of the same name.
Life
According to tradi ...
(c.387–c.400)
*Claudianus
*Magorius
:...
*Agnellus (attested 571–591)
:...
* Joannes
:...
*Clementianus
*Amator (end of 8th cent.)
*
Iltigario (c. 802 ?)
*Voldericus (attested 813)
*Daniel
*Heimpertus (attested 827–845)
*Odescalchus (attested 855–864)
*Adelgisus (attested 874–881)
:...
900 to 1200
*
Conradus (Konrad) (900–926)
*
Ioannes
Joannes or John ( la, Iohannes; died 425) was western Roman emperor from 423 to 425.
On the death of the Emperor Honorius (15 August 423), Theodosius II, the remaining ruler of the House of Theodosius, hesitated in announcing his uncle's dea ...
(926–927)
*
Bernardo
Bernardo is a given name and less frequently an Italian, Portuguese and Spanish surname. Possibly from the Germanic "Bernhard".
Given name People
* Bernardo the Japanese (died 1557), early Japanese Christian convert and disciple of Saint Fra ...
(927–932)
*
Manasse d’Arles (932–957)
*
Lantramno (957–963)
*
Arnoldo di Pavia
Arnoldo is a masculine given name. Notable people with the name include:
First name
*Arnoldo Alemán (born 1946), Nicaraguan politician
* Arnoldo José Avilés García (born 1968), Honduran politician
* Arnoldo Camu (1937—1973), Chilean lawyer a ...
(963–971)
*
Raimondo di Caldore (992–1004)
*
Uldarico di Flavon (1004–1022)
*
Uldarico (II?) (1022–1055)
*
Azzo (1055–1065)
* Enrico (1068–1082)
*
Bernardo
Bernardo is a given name and less frequently an Italian, Portuguese and Spanish surname. Possibly from the Germanic "Bernhard".
Given name People
* Bernardo the Japanese (died 1557), early Japanese Christian convert and disciple of Saint Fra ...
(1082–1084)
*
Adalperone (1084–1106)
*
Gebardo (1106–1120)
*
Adelpreto (1120–1124)
*
Altmannus (1124–1149)
* Arnoldus (1149–1154)
*
Eberardus (1154–1156)
*
Adelpretus II (1156–1177)
* Salomone (1177–1183)
*
Albertus de Madruzzo (1184–1188)
*
Conradus de Beseno Conradus is a masculine given name. It is often a latinisation of the name Conrad or Konrad, but is also a Dutch given name. People called Conradus include:
* Conradus Celtis (AKA Conrad Celtes, 14591508), German humanist and poet
* Conradus Dasy ...
(1188–1205)
1200 to 1500
:''Sede vacante'' (1205–1207)
*
Fredericus von Wangen (1207–1218)
*
Adelpretus III de Ravenstein (1219–1223)
*
Gerardus Oscasali (1223–1232)
*
Aldrighetto di Castelcampo (1232–1247)
*
Egnon von Eppan (1250–1273)
*
Henricus
The "Citie of Henricus"—also known as Henricopolis, Henrico Town or Henrico—was a settlement in Virginia founded by Sir Thomas Dale in 1611 as an alternative to the swampy and dangerous area around the original English settlement at Jamestow ...
,
O.T. (1274–1289)
*
Filippo Buonacolsi (1289–1303)
*
Bartolomeo Querini (1304–1307)
*
Enrico di Metz (1310–1336)
*
Nicolò da Bruna (1338–1347)
*Geraldus de Manhac (1347–1348)
*Joannes de Pistorio (1348–1349)
*Meinhard of Neuhaus (1349–1360)
*
Albert von Ortenburg (1360–1390)
*
Georg von Liechtenstein-Nicolsburg (1390–1419)
*
Aleksander Mazowiecki (1424–1444)
::Theobaldus von Wolkenstein (1444–1446) ''Intrusus''
* Benedict of Trent, O.S.B. (1444–1446)
*
Georg Hack von Themeswald
Georg may refer to:
* Georg (film), ''Georg'' (film), 1997
*Georg (musical), Estonian musical
* Georg (given name)
* Georg (surname)
* , a Kriegsmarine coastal tanker
See also
* George (disambiguation)
{{disambiguation ...
(1446–1465)
*
Johannes Hinderbach
Johannes Hinderbach (15 August 1418 – 21 September 1486) was Prince-Bishop of Trent from 12 May 1466 until his death. He was by birth a member of the Austrian nobility. Prior to his appointment as Bishop, he served as an advisor to the court of ...
(1466–1486)
*
Udalrich Frundsberg (1486–1493)
*
Uldarich von Liechtenstein (1486–1505)
1500 to 1800
*
Georg von Neideck (1506–1514)
* Cardinal
Bernhard von Cles
Bernardo Clesio (; 1 March 1484 – 30 July 1539) was an Italian Cardinal, bishop, diplomat, humanist and botanist.
Born in Cles, in the Prince-Bishopric of Trent, today Trentino, he graduated from the University of Bologna. He later became Prin ...
(1514–1539)
* Cardinal
Cristoforo Madruzzo
200px, '' Portrait of Cristoforo Madruzzo'' by Titian (1552). Museu de Arte de São Paulo, São Paulo">Museu_de_Arte_de_São_Paulo.html" ;"title="Titian (1552). Museu de Arte de São Paulo">Titian (1552). Museu de Arte de São Paulo, São Paulo. ...
(1539–1567)
* Cardinal
Ludovico Madruzzo
200px, Portrait of Ludovico Madruzzo by Giovanni Battista Moroni. Art Institute, Chicago.">Chicago.html" ;"title="Giovanni Battista Moroni. Art Institute, Chicago">Giovanni Battista Moroni. Art Institute, Chicago.
Ludovico Madruzzo (1532–1600) ...
(1567–1600)
* Cardinal
Carlo Gaudenzio Madruzzo
Carlo Gaudenzio Madruzzo (1562 – 14 August 1629) was an Italian Roman Catholic cardinal and statesman.
Biography
Born in the castle of Issogne, Aosta Valley, he was the son of Baron Giovanni Federico Madruzzo and Isabelle of Challant, and ne ...
(1600–1629)
*
Carlo Emanuele Madruzzo (1629–1658)
*
Sigismund Francis, Archduke of Austria
Sigismund Francis, Archduke of Further Austria (27 November 1630 – 25 June 1665) was the ruler of Further Austria including Tyrol from 1662 to 1665.
Biography
He was born at Innsbruck, the second son of Leopold V, Archduke of Austria and Claud ...
(1659–1665) ''Bishop-elect''
*
Ernst Adalbert von Harrach zu Rohrau (1665–1667)
*
Sigmund Alphons von Thun (1669–1677)
*
Francesco Alberti di Poja (1678–1689)
*
Giuseppe Vittorio Alberti d’Enno (1691–1695)
*
Johann Michael von Spaur und Valör (1696–1725)
:
Giovanni Benedetti Gentilotti Giovanni may refer to:
* Giovanni (name), an Italian male given name and surname
* Giovanni (meteorology), a Web interface for users to analyze NASA's gridded data
* ''Don Giovanni'', a 1787 opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, based on the legend of ...
(1725) ''Bishop-elect''
*
Antonius Dominikus von Wolkenstein-Trostburg
Antonius is a masculine given name, as well as a surname. Antonius is a Danish language, Danish, Dutch language, Dutch, Finnish language, Finnish, Latin language, Latin, Norwegian language, Norwegian, and Swedish language, Swedish name used in Gree ...
(1726–1730)
*
Dominikus Anton von Thun (1730–1758)
::Leopold Ernst von Fimian (1748–1756) ''Coadjutor''
*
Francesco Felice Alberti d’Enno (1758–1762)
*
Cristoforo Sizzo de Noris (1763–1776)
*
Peter von Thun und Hohenstein
Peter may refer to:
People
* List of people named Peter, a list of people and fictional characters with the given name
* Peter (given name)
** Saint Peter (died 60s), apostle of Jesus, leader of the early Christian Church
* Peter (surname), a sur ...
(1776–1800)
since 1800
* (1800–1818)
:''Sede vacante'' (1818–1824)
*
Franz Xaver Luschin
Archbishop Franz Xaver Luschin ( sl, Franc Ksaver Lušin; 3 December 1781 – 2 May 1854) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as a Diocesan Bishop of Trento from 24 May 1824 until 23 June 1834, a Metropolitan Archbishop of the Roman Catholic A ...
(1824–1834)
*
Johann Nepomuk von Tschiderer zu Gleifheim (1834–1860)
* (1861–1879)
*
Giovanni Giacomo della Bona (1880–1885)
* (1886–1903)
*
Celestino Endrici
Celestino Endrici (14 March 1866 – 29 October 1940, in Trento) was an Italian Catholic archbishop, from 1904 to 1940.
He was born into a large family of wealthy peasants of noble origins. He attended the Imperial Royal Lyceum of Trento then stu ...
(1904–1929–1940)
Archbishops of Trento
*
Celestino Endrici
Celestino Endrici (14 March 1866 – 29 October 1940, in Trento) was an Italian Catholic archbishop, from 1904 to 1940.
He was born into a large family of wealthy peasants of noble origins. He attended the Imperial Royal Lyceum of Trento then stu ...
(1929–1940)
*
Carlo de Ferrari, C.S.S. (1941–1962)
*
Alessandro Maria Gottardi
Alessandro is both a given name and a surname, the Italian language, Italian form of the name Alexander. Notable people with the name include:
People with the given name Alessandro
* Alessandro Allori (1535–1607), Italian portrait painter
* A ...
(1963–1987)
*
Giovanni Maria Sartori (1987–1998)
*
Luigi Bressan
Luigi Bressan (born 9 February 1940) is an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who worked from 1971 to 1999 in the diplomatic service of the Holy See and then served as Archbishop of Trento until 2016.
Biography
Luigi Bressan was born on 9 F ...
(1999–2016)
*
Lauro Tisi (2016 – present)
[Born in Giustino on 1 November 1962, Lauro Tisi was ordained priest in Trento on 26 June 1987; he was parish vicar in Levico from 1987 to 1988; vice-rector of the seminary from 1988 to 1995, spiritual director of the seminary from 1995 to 2007; in charge of young priests from 2001 to 2007; vicar general from 2007 to 2016. On 10 February 2016 he received the appointment of metropolitan archbishop of Trento. He was ordained bishop in the Cathedral of S. Vigilio in Trento on April 3, 2016. Chiesa di Trento]
"Arcivescovo"
retrieved 23 June 2020.
See also
*
Timeline of Trento
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Trento in the Trentino-South Tyrol region of Italy.
Prior to 19th century
* 49 BCE – Trento granted Roman citizenship.
* 2nd–4th C. CE – Roman Catholic diocese of Trento establi ...
Notes
Books
Episcopal lists
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Studies
*
*Brackmann, Albert (1911)
''Germania pontificia Vol. I: Provincia Salisburgensis et Episcopatus Tridentinus''.Berlin: Weidmann. pp. 398–410.
*Curzel, Emanuele (1994–5)
''Il Capitolo della cattedrale di Trento, dal XII secolo al 1348'' Tesi di dottorato in Storia medievale – VII ciclo. Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore. Milano.
*Curzel, Emanuele (2004)
''Documenti papali per la storia trentina (fino al 1341)'' Bologna: Il Mulino (Annali dell’Istituto storico italo-germanico in Trento. Fonti, 1)
*Curzel, Emanuele (2005)
''Chiese trentine. Ricerche storiche su territori, persone e istituzioni'' Sommacampagna (Vr): Cierre (Biblioteca dei Quaderni di Storia Religiosa, 4).
*Curzel, Emanuele and Varanini, Gian Maria (edd.) (2011)
''La documentazione dei vescovi di Trento : (XI secolo-1218).''Bologna: Il mulino, 2011.
*
*
*Landi, Walter (2014)
"Il palatium episcopatus di Trento fra XI e XIII secolo. Dato documentario ed evidenze architettoniche."In: Franco Cagol, Silvano Groff, Serena Luzzi (edd.), ''La torre di piazza nella storia di Trento: funzioni, simboli, immagini. Atti della giornata di studio: Trento, 27 febbraio 2012''. Trento: Società di Studi Trentini di Scienze Storiche (Monografie. Nuova serie, 3). . pp. 141–203.
*Lanzoni, Francesco (1927)
''Le diocesi d'Italia dalle origini al principio del secolo VII (an. 604)'' Faenza, pp. 934–40.
* Obermair, Hannes (2015). ''How to Record a Conflict? The Communities of the German Part of the Diocese of Trent during the Late Middle Ages.'' In Marco Bellabarba, Hannes Obermair, Hitomi Sato (eds.). ''Communities and Conflicts in the Alps from the Late Middle Ages to Early Modernity.'' (Fondazione Bruno Kessler. Contributi/Beiträge. 30). Bologna-Berlin: Il mulino—Duncker & Humblot. , pp. 101–18.
*
Sources and external links
*
Official page
{{DEFAULTSORT:Trento, Archdiocese
Roman Catholic dioceses in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol
Dioceses established in the 2nd century
Roman Catholic Archdiocese