Bishop Of Bordeaux
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The Archdiocese of Bordeaux (–Bazas) (
Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...
: ''Archidioecesis Burdigalensis (–Bazensis)''; French: ''Archidiocèse de Bordeaux (–Bazas)'';
Occitan Occitan may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to the Occitania territory in parts of France, Italy, Monaco and Spain. * Something of, from, or related to the Occitania administrative region of France. * Occitan language Occitan (; o ...
: ''Archidiocèsi de Bordèu (–Vasats)'') is a
Latin Church , native_name_lang = la , image = San Giovanni in Laterano - Rome.jpg , imagewidth = 250px , alt = Façade of the Archbasilica of St. John in Lateran , caption = Archbasilica of Saint Joh ...
ecclesiastical territory or
archdiocese In church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop. History In the later organization of the Roman Empire, the increasingly subdivided provinces were administratively associate ...
of the
Catholic Church The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
in
France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
. The
episcopal see An episcopal see is, in a practical use of the phrase, the area of a bishop's ecclesiastical jurisdiction. Phrases concerning actions occurring within or outside an episcopal see are indicative of the geographical significance of the term, mak ...
is
Bordeaux Bordeaux ( , ; Gascon oc, Bordèu ; eu, Bordele; it, Bordò; es, Burdeos) is a port city on the river Garonne in the Gironde department, Southwestern France. It is the capital of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, as well as the prefectur ...
,
Aquitaine Aquitaine ( , , ; oc, Aquitània ; eu, Akitania; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''Aguiéne''), archaic Guyenne or Guienne ( oc, Guiana), is a historical region of southwestern France and a former administrative region of the country. Since 1 January ...
. It was established under the
Concordat of 1802 The Concordat of 1801 was an agreement between Napoleon Bonaparte and Pope Pius VII, signed on 15 July 1801 in Paris. It remained in effect until 1905, except in Alsace-Lorraine, where it remains in force. It sought national reconciliation b ...
by combining the ancient Diocese of Bordeaux (diminished by the cession of part to the
Bishopric of Aire The Diocese of Aire and Dax ( Latin'':'' ''Dioecesis Adurensis et Aquae Augustae''; French: ''Diocèse d'Aire et Dax'') is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in France. It comprises the ''département' ...
) with the greater part of the suppressed
Diocese of Bazas The Diocese of Bazas, centred on Bazas in Aquitaine, covered the Bazadais region, known under the Ancient Rome, Romans as the ''Vasatensis pagus'' after the ancient occupants, the Vasates. In the 2nd century it was part of the Novempopulania, one ...
. The Archdiocese of Bordeaux is a
metropolitan see Metropolitan may refer to: * Metropolitan area, a region consisting of a densely populated urban core and its less-populated surrounding territories * Metropolitan borough, a form of local government district in England * Metropolitan county, a t ...
, with four
suffragan diocese A suffragan diocese is one of the dioceses other than the metropolitan archdiocese that constitute an ecclesiastical province. It exists in some Christian denominations, in particular the Catholic Church, the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria ...
s in its
ecclesiastical province An ecclesiastical province is one of the basic forms of jurisdiction Jurisdiction (from Latin 'law' + 'declaration') is the legal term for the legal authority granted to a legal entity to enact justice. In federations like the United State ...
: Dioceses of Agen, Aire and Dax,
Bayonne Bayonne (; eu, Baiona ; oc, label= Gascon, Baiona ; es, Bayona) is a city in Southwestern France near the Spanish border. It is a commune and one of two subprefectures in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department, in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine re ...
, and
Périgueux Périgueux (, ; oc, Peireguers or ) is a communes of France, commune in the Dordogne departments of France, department, in the administrative regions of France, administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, southwestern France. Périgueux i ...
.


History

Constituted by the same Concordat metropolitan to the suffragan Bishoprics of
Angoulême Angoulême (; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''Engoulaeme''; oc, Engoleime) is a communes of France, commune, the Prefectures of France, prefecture of the Charente Departments of France, department, in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of southwestern Franc ...
,
Poitiers Poitiers (, , , ; Poitevin: ''Poetàe'') is a city on the River Clain in west-central France. It is a commune and the capital of the Vienne department and the historical centre of Poitou. In 2017 it had a population of 88,291. Its agglomerat ...
and
La Rochelle La Rochelle (, , ; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''La Rochéle''; oc, La Rochèla ) is a city on the west coast of France and a seaport on the Bay of Biscay, a part of the Atlantic Ocean. It is the capital of the Charente-Maritime department. With ...
, the see of Bordeaux received in 1822, as additional suffragans, those of
Agen The communes of France, commune of Agen (, ; ) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Lot-et-Garonne Departments of France, department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, southwestern France. It lies on the river Garonne southeast of Bordeaux. ...
, withdrawn from the metropolitan of Toulouse, and the newly re-established
Périgueux Périgueux (, ; oc, Peireguers or ) is a communes of France, commune in the Dordogne departments of France, department, in the administrative regions of France, administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, southwestern France. Périgueux i ...
and
Luçon Luçon () is a commune in the Vendée department, Pays de la Loire region, western France. Its inhabitants are known as Luçonnais. Luçon Cathedral is the seat of the Diocese of Luçon (comprising the Vendée), where Cardinal Richelieu once se ...
. In 1850, three (then colonial) Bishoprics of
Fort-de-France Fort-de-France (, , ; gcf, label=Martinican Creole, Fodfwans) is a Communes of France, commune and the capital city of Martinique, an overseas department and region of France located in the Caribbean. It is also one of the major cities in the ...
(
Martinique Martinique ( , ; gcf, label=Martinican Creole, Matinik or ; Kalinago: or ) is an island and an overseas department/region and single territorial collectivity of France. An integral part of the French Republic, Martinique is located in th ...
), Guadeloupe and Basse-Terre (
Guadeloupe Guadeloupe (; ; gcf, label=Antillean Creole, Gwadloup, ) is an archipelago and overseas department and region of France in the Caribbean. It consists of six inhabited islands—Basse-Terre, Grande-Terre, Marie-Galante, La Désirade, and the ...
), and Saint-Denis de la Réunion (
Réunion Réunion (; french: La Réunion, ; previously ''Île Bourbon''; rcf, label= Reunionese Creole, La Rényon) is an island in the Indian Ocean that is an overseas department and region of France. It is located approximately east of the island ...
), were added. Since 2002 the province of Bordeaux (corresponding historically with Aquitania Secunda) has been substantially modified following the abolition of the province of Auch and the creation of that of Poitiers.


Early history

According to old
Limousin Limousin (; oc, Lemosin ) is a former administrative region of southwest-central France. On 1 January 2016, it became part of the new administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It comprised three departments: Corrèze, Creuse, and Haute-Vienn ...
legends which date back to the beginning of the eleventh century,
Bordeaux Bordeaux ( , ; Gascon oc, Bordèu ; eu, Bordele; it, Bordò; es, Burdeos) is a port city on the river Garonne in the Gironde department, Southwestern France. It is the capital of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, as well as the prefectur ...
was evangelized in the first century by
Saint Martial Saint Martial (3rd century), called "the Apostle of the Gauls" or "the Apostle of Aquitaine", was the first bishop of Limoges. His feast day is 30 June. Life There is no accurate information as to the origin, dates of birth and death, or the acts ...
(Martialis), who replaced a temple to the unknown god, which he destroyed, with one dedicated to
Saint Stephen Stephen ( grc-gre, Στέφανος ''Stéphanos'', meaning "wreath, crown" and by extension "reward, honor, renown, fame", often given as a title rather than as a name; c. 5 – c. 34 AD) is traditionally venerated as the protomartyr or first ...
. The same legends represent Martial as having brought to the Soulac coast
Saint Veronica Saint Veronica, also known as Berenike, was a woman from Jerusalem who lived in the 1st century AD, according to extra-biblical Christian sacred tradition. A celebrated saint in many pious Christian countries, the 17th-century ''Acta Sanctorum' ...
, who is still especially venerated in the church of Notre-Dame de Fin des Terres at Soulac; as having cured Sigebert, the paralytic husband of the pious Benedicta, and made him Bishop of Bordeaux, and as having addressed letters in Latin to the people of Bordeaux, where he left the pastoral staff now treasured as a relic by the Chapter of Saint-Seurin. The first Bishop of Bordeaux known to history, Orientalis, is mentioned at the
Council of Arles (314) Arles (ancient Arelate) in the south of Roman Gaul (modern France) hosted several councils or synods referred to as ''Concilium Arelatense'' in the history of the early Christian church. Council of Arles in 314 The first council of Arles"Arles, ...
. By the close of the fourth century Christianity had made such progress in Bordeaux that a synod was held there (384), summoned by the Emperor Maximus, for the purpose of adopting measures against the
Priscillianists Priscillianism was a Christian sect developed in the Iberian Peninsula under the Roman Empire in the 4th century by Priscillian. It is derived from the Gnostic doctrines taught by Marcus, an Egyptian from Memphis. Priscillianism was later consi ...
, whose heresy had caused popular disturbances. This was during the episcopate of Delphinus of Bordeaux (380–404), who attended the Council of Saragossa in 380, and maintained correspondence with
St. Ambrose Ambrose of Milan ( la, Aurelius Ambrosius; ), venerated as Saint Ambrose, ; lmo, Sant Ambroeus . was a theologian and statesman who served as Bishop of Milan from 374 to 397. He expressed himself prominently as a public figure, fiercely promot ...
and with St. Paulinus of Nola. At the beginning of the 5th century a mysterious figure, who according to Saint
Gregory of Tours Gregory of Tours (30 November 538 – 17 November 594 AD) was a Gallo-Roman historian and Bishop of Tours, which made him a leading prelate of the area that had been previously referred to as Gaul by the Romans. He was born Georgius Florenti ...
came from the East, appeared in Bordeaux: Severinus (Seurin), in whose favour Bishop Amand abdicated the see from 410 to 420, resuming it after Seurin's death and occupying it until 432. In the 6th century, Bordeaux had as its bishop Leontius II (542–564), a man of great influence who used his wealth in building churches and clearing lands and whom the
poet Fortunatus Venantius Honorius Clementianus Fortunatus ( 530 600/609 AD; french: Venance Fortunat), known as Saint Venantius Fortunatus (, ), was a Latin poet and hymnographer in the Merovingian Court, and a bishop of the Early Church who has been venerated ...
calls ''patriae caput''. During this
Merovingian The Merovingian dynasty () was the ruling family of the Franks from the middle of the 5th century until 751. They first appear as "Kings of the Franks" in the Roman army of northern Gaul. By 509 they had united all the Franks and northern Gauli ...
period the cathedral church, founded in the fourth century, occupied the same site that it does today, tight against the ramparts of the ancient city. The Faubourg Saint-Seurin outside the city was a great centre of popular devotion, with its three large basilicas of Saints Stephen, Seurin, and Martin surrounding a large necropolis from which a certain number of sarcophagi are still preserved. The cemetery of Saint Seurin was full of tombs of the Merovingian (early dark ages) period around which the popular imagination was to create legends. In the high noon of the Middle Ages it used to be told how Christ had consecrated this cemetery and that
Charlemagne Charlemagne ( , ) or Charles the Great ( la, Carolus Magnus; german: Karl der Große; 2 April 747 – 28 January 814), a member of the Carolingian dynasty, was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and the first Holy ...
, having fought the
Saracens file:Erhard Reuwich Sarazenen 1486.png, upright 1.5, Late 15th-century Germany in the Middle Ages, German woodcut depicting Saracens Saracen ( ) was a term used in the early centuries, both in Greek language, Greek and Latin writings, to refer ...
near Bordeaux, had visited it and laid
Roland Roland (; frk, *Hrōþiland; lat-med, Hruodlandus or ''Rotholandus''; it, Orlando or ''Rolando''; died 15 August 778) was a Frankish military leader under Charlemagne who became one of the principal figures in the literary cycle known as the ...
's wonderful horn Olivant/Oliphant on the altar of Seurin. Many tombs passed for those of Charlemagne's gallant knights and others were honored as the resting-places of Veronica and Benedicta. At the other extremity of the city, Benedictines drained and filled in the marshes of L'Eau-Bourde and founded there the monastery of Sainte-Croix. While thus surrounded by evidence of Christian conquest, the academic Bordeaux of the Merovingian period continued to cherish the memory of its former school of eloquence, whose chief glories had been the poet
Ausonius Decimius Magnus Ausonius (; – c. 395) was a Roman poet and teacher of rhetoric from Burdigala in Aquitaine, modern Bordeaux, France. For a time he was tutor to the future emperor Gratian, who afterwards bestowed the consulship on him. H ...
(310–395) and St Paulinus (353–431), who had been a rhetorician at Bordeaux and died
Bishop of Nola The Diocese of Nola ( la, Dioecesis Nolana) is a Roman Catholic diocese in Italy, suffragan of the Archdiocese of Naples.
.


Middle Ages

During the whole 8th century and part of the 9th, no bishops are mentioned for Bordeaux among Vatican and local records.
Frotharius was archbishop in 870, when he fled the city in the face of
Viking Vikings ; non, víkingr is the modern name given to seafaring people originally from Scandinavia (present-day Denmark, Norway and Sweden), who from the late 8th to the late 11th centuries raided, pirated, traded and se ...
raids. In the late tenth century, ecclesiastical power was once again concentrated in the hands of the archbishop of Bordeaux when
Gombald Gundobald or Gombald (died after 998) was the Archbishop of Bordeaux from 989 to his death. He was the ''episcopus Gasconum'', bishop of the Gascons, from 978, holding the episcopal dignity in all the Gascon sees. He was the third son of Sancho I ...
, brother of
William II of Gascony William is a male given name of Germanic origin.Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, , p. 276. It became very popular in the English language after the Norman conquest of Engl ...
and bishop of all the Gascon sees became archbishop (989). In 1027, the
duke of Gascony The Duchy of Gascony or Duchy of Vasconia ( eu, Baskoniako dukerria; oc, ducat de Gasconha; french: duché de Gascogne, duché de Vasconie) was a duchy located in present-day southwestern France and northeastern Spain, an area encompassing the m ...
, Sancho VI, and the
duke of Aquitaine The Duke of Aquitaine ( oc, Duc d'Aquitània, french: Duc d'Aquitaine, ) was the ruler of the medieval region of Aquitaine (not to be confused with modern-day Aquitaine) under the supremacy of Frankish, English, and later French kings. As succe ...
,
William V William V may refer to: *William V, Duke of Aquitaine (969–1030) *William V of Montpellier (1075–1121) *William V, Marquess of Montferrat (1191) *William V, Count of Nevers (before 11751181) *William V, Duke of Jülich (1299–1361) *William V, ...
, joined together to select Geoffrey II, an Aquitanian Frank, as archbishop. This represented a new ecumenical rôle for the archbishop spanning both regions. The reigns of William VIII and William IX (1052–1127), were noted for the splendid development of
Romanesque architecture Romanesque architecture is an architectural style of medieval Europe characterized by semi-circular arches. There is no consensus for the beginning date of the Romanesque style, with proposals ranging from the 6th to the 11th century, this lat ...
in Bordeaux. Parts of the churches of Sainte-Croix and Saint-Seurin belong to that time, and the Cathedral of Saint-André was begun in 1096. During the Middle Ages, a struggle between the metropolitan sees of Bordeaux and
Bourges Bourges () is a commune in central France on the river Yèvre. It is the capital of the department of Cher, and also was the capital city of the former province of Berry. History The name of the commune derives either from the Bituriges, t ...
was brought about by the claims of the latter to the primacy of Aquitaine. This question has been closely investigated by modern scholars, and it has been ascertained that a certain letter from Nicholas I to Rodolfus, which purports to date the existence of the primacy of Bourges from the ninth century, is not authentic. As the capital of the Roman province
Aquitania prima Gallia Aquitania ( , ), also known as Aquitaine or Aquitaine Gaul, was a province of the Roman Empire. It lies in present-day southwest France, where it gives its name to the modern region of Aquitaine. It was bordered by the provinces of Gallia ...
, Bourges at an early date vaguely aspired to pre-eminence over the provinces of Aquitania secunda and Aquitania tertia and thus over Bordeaux and it was about 1073 that these aspirations were more formally asserted; between 1112 and 1126 the papacy acknowledged them, and in 1146,
Pope Eugenius III Pope Eugene III ( la, Eugenius III; c. 1080 – 8 July 1153), born Bernardo Pignatelli, or possibly Paganelli, called Bernardo da Pisa, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 15 February 1145 to his death in 1153. He w ...
confirmed the primacy of Pierre de la Chatre,
Archbishop of Bourges In Christian denominations, an archbishop is a bishop of higher rank or office. In most cases, such as the Catholic Church, there are many archbishops who either have jurisdiction over an ecclesiastical province in addition to their own archdioc ...
, over Bordeaux. In 1232,
Gregory IX Pope Gregory IX ( la, Gregorius IX; born Ugolino di Conti; c. 1145 or before 1170 – 22 August 1241) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 19 March 1227 until his death in 1241. He is known for issuing the '' Decre ...
gave the Archbishop of Bourges, as
patriarch The highest-ranking bishops in Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, the Catholic Church (above major archbishop and primate), the Hussite Church, Church of the East, and some Independent Catholic Churches are termed patriarchs (and in certai ...
, the right to visit the province of Aquitaine, imposed upon the Archbishop of Bordeaux the duty of assisting, at least once, at the councils held by his "brother" of Bourges, and decided that appeals might be made from the former to the latter. Occasionally however, as in 1240 and 1284, the Archbishops of Bourges came to Bordeaux, found the doors of the churches closed against them and answered with excommunication the solemn protests made by the Bordeaux clergy against their visits. Aquitaine was lost to France by the annulment of the marriage between Louis VII and
Eleanor of Aquitaine Eleanor ( – 1 April 1204; french: Aliénor d'Aquitaine, ) was Queen of France from 1137 to 1152 as the wife of King Louis VII, Queen of England from 1154 to 1189 as the wife of King Henry II, and Duchess of Aquitaine in her own right from ...
(that earlier took place in the Cathedral of Bordeaux in 1137), and Bordeaux became the capital of the English possessions in France. Thereupon the struggle between the metropolitans of Bordeaux and Bourges assumed a political character, the King of France necessarily upholding the claims of Bourges. Most of the archbishops were conspicuous as agents of English policy in Aquitaine, notably: Guillaume Amanieu (1207–26), on whom King Henry III conferred the title of
seneschal The word ''seneschal'' () can have several different meanings, all of which reflect certain types of supervising or administering in a historic context. Most commonly, a seneschal was a senior position filled by a court appointment within a royal, ...
and guardian of all his lands beyond the sea, and who took part in Spain in the wars against the (Muslim)
Saracen upright 1.5, Late 15th-century German woodcut depicting Saracens Saracen ( ) was a term used in the early centuries, both in Greek and Latin writings, to refer to the people who lived in and near what was designated by the Romans as Arabia Pe ...
s; Gerard de Mallemort (1227–60), a generous founder of monasteries, who acted as mediator between
Louis IX of France Louis IX (25 April 1214 – 25 August 1270), commonly known as Saint Louis or Louis the Saint, was King of France from 1226 to 1270, and the most illustrious of the Direct Capetians. He was crowned in Reims at the age of 12, following the ...
and Henry III, and defended
Gascony Gascony (; french: Gascogne ; oc, Gasconha ; eu, Gaskoinia) was a province of the southwestern Kingdom of France that succeeded the Duchy of Gascony (602–1453). From the 17th century until the French Revolution (1789–1799), it was part o ...
against
Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester {{Infobox noble , name = Simon de Montfort , title = 5th Earl of Leicester , image = File:Simon4demontfort.gif , caption = Seal of Simon de Montfort, depicting him riding a horse and blowing a h ...
. During the episcopate of Gerard de Mallemort the old Romanesque church of Saint-André was transformed into a
Gothic Gothic or Gothics may refer to: People and languages *Goths or Gothic people, the ethnonym of a group of East Germanic tribes **Gothic language, an extinct East Germanic language spoken by the Goths **Crimean Gothic, the Gothic language spoken b ...
cathedral.
Pope Clement V Pope Clement V ( la, Clemens Quintus; c. 1264 – 20 April 1314), born Raymond Bertrand de Got (also occasionally spelled ''de Guoth'' and ''de Goth''), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 5 June 1305 to his de ...
(1305–14) was unfavourable to the claims of Bourges. He was born in Villandraut near
Bazas Bazas (; oc-gsc, Vasats) is a commune in the Gironde department in southwestern France. Geography Bazas stands on a narrow promontory above the Beuve valley 60 km/37 mi southeast of Bordeaux and 40 km/25 mi southwest of ...
, where he had built a beautiful collegiate church, was Archbishop of Bordeaux (and political adviser to King Philip the Fair) from 1300-05. When he became pope, in spite of sympathies to France proper, his heart was set upon the formal emancipation of Bordeaux from Bourges. By the late fourteenth century, archbishops such as
Francesco Uguccione Francesco Uguccione (or François Hugotion de Aguzzoni) (died 14 July 1412) was the Archbishop of Bordeaux from 1384 until his death. He was a lawyer from Urbino and a staunch supporter of the King of England in the Hundred Years' War. In his earl ...
, were supporters of the English. Pierre Berland (1430–57), Archbishop of Bordeaux, was noted for his intelligence and holiness. He founded the
University of Bordeaux The University of Bordeaux (French: ''Université de Bordeaux'') is a public university based in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France. It has several campuses in the cities and towns of Bordeaux, Dax, Gradignan, Périgueux, Pessac, and Ta ...
and the College of Saint Raphael for poor students. After helping the English to defend Bordeaux against the troops of
Charles VII of France Charles VII (22 February 1403 – 22 July 1461), called the Victorious (french: le Victorieux) or the Well-Served (), was King of France from 1422 to his death in 1461. In the midst of the Hundred Years' War, Charles VII inherited the throne of F ...
, he later received John of Orléans, Count of Dunois, into his episcopal city and surrendered it to France. It was during his episcopate that the beautiful campanile known as the Pey Berland Tower was added to the cathedral. The rich and powerful canons of the Churches of Saint-André and Saint-Seurin engaged in frequent and animated conflicts. The artistic investment of the canons of these churches in the thirteenth century is attested by the Gothic portal of Saint-Seurin which is still extant. At the end of the fourteenth century, Vital de Carle established the Hospital of Saint-André, which he placed under the protection of the municipality. It was through the exertions of the Cathedral Chapter of Saint-André that the first city library of Bordeaux was founded around 1402. During the Middle Ages Bordeaux added
Carmelite , image = , caption = Coat of arms of the Carmelites , abbreviation = OCarm , formation = Late 12th century , founder = Early hermits of Mount Carmel , founding_location = Mount Car ...
,
Franciscan The Franciscans are a group of related Mendicant orders, mendicant Christianity, Christian Catholic religious order, religious orders within the Catholic Church. Founded in 1209 by Italian Catholic friar Francis of Assisi, these orders include t ...
, and Dominican convents, founded respectively in 1217, 1227, and 1230. When, after the
Hundred Years' War The Hundred Years' War (; 1337–1453) was a series of armed conflicts between the kingdoms of Kingdom of England, England and Kingdom of France, France during the Late Middle Ages. It originated from disputed claims to the French Crown, ...
, Bordeaux came under French control (1453),
Louis XI Louis XI (3 July 1423 – 30 August 1483), called "Louis the Prudent" (french: le Prudent), was King of France from 1461 to 1483. He succeeded his father, Charles VII. Louis entered into open rebellion against his father in a short-lived revol ...
flattered its citizens by joining the confraternity of Notre-Dame de Montuzet, a religious association formed of all the mariners of the Gironde by heaping favours on the church of Saint-Michel, the tower of which, built in the period between 1473 and 1492, was higher than the Pey Berland, and by furthering the canonization of its former archbishop, Pierre Berland.


Councils and synods

In 1214, an important church council was held in Bordeaux by Cardinal Robert de Corzon, the Papal Legate in France, against usurers, highwaymen, and heretics. A council in Bordeaux in 1215 arranged a peace between Gaillard d'Autorna and Guillaume Gombadi, abbot of Saint Croix. A diocesan synod, held on 13 April 1255 by Archbishop Gerard de Malemort, legislated mostly on matters of clerical discipline, relics, and taxation. In 1262, Archbishop Pierre de Roncevault held a diocesan synod which produced seven rulings, four of them on dealing with excommunication, and the others on burial (forbidding one parish priest from burying the dead of another parish), confirmation (giving proper notice), and marriage (clandestine marriages bringing excommunication to the ministers, contracting parties, and witnesses). In 1583 Archbishop Antoine le Prévost de Sansac held a provincial council which produced thirty-six canons, similar to those which were being issued in other French ecclesiastical provinces, enacting decrees of the
Council of Trent The Council of Trent ( la, Concilium Tridentinum), held between 1545 and 1563 in Trento, Trent (or Trento), now in northern Italian Peninsula, Italy, was the 19th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church. Prompted by the Protestant Reformation ...
, especially as relating to the proper operation of seminaries in each diocese. A provincial council was held at Bordeaux by Cardinal de Sourdis in 1624.


List of Archbishops of Bordeaux


to 1100

*Orientalis (fl. 314), participant in the
Council of Arles Arles (ancient Arelate) in the south of Roman Gaul (modern France) hosted several councils or synods referred to as ''Concilium Arelatense'' in the history of the early Christian church. Council of Arles in 314 The first council of Arles"Arles, S ...
*Delphinus (380–404) *
Amandus Amandus ( 584 – 679), commonly called Saint Amand, was a bishop of Tongeren-Maastricht and one of the great Christian missionaries of Flanders. He is venerated as a saint, particularly in France and Belgium. Life The chief source of details ...
(404–410 and 420) * Severinus (410), sometimes confounded with Severinus of Cologne *Gallicinus (post 451) *Aemilius (post 475) *Cyprian (485–511) *Leontius I (post 520) *Leontius II (542–564), participant in the
Council of Paris The Council of Paris ( French: ''Conseil de Paris'') is the deliberative body responsible for governing Paris, the capital of France. It possesses both the powers of a municipal council (''conseil municipal'') and those of a departmental counc ...
*
Bertechramnus Bertechramnus or Bertram of Le Mans was one of the wealthiest bishops of 6th-century Gaul. He was bishop of Le Mans from 587 until 623. At the time of his death his will listed a private holding of over 3,000 square kilometres of land. By the e ...
(566 – post 585) * Gundegisel (589) * icasius (7th–8th centuries)*Arnegisel (attested 614) *Ioannes (c. 673/675) : ntonius (7th–8th centuries): ronto (7th–8th centuries):Verebulphus (769) *Sicarius (814, 816 – post 825) *Adalelmus (829 – post 848) * Frothar (860–76) *Adelbert (post 940) * Geoffrey I (post 982) *
Gombald Gundobald or Gombald (died after 998) was the Archbishop of Bordeaux from 989 to his death. He was the ''episcopus Gasconum'', bishop of the Gascons, from 978, holding the episcopal dignity in all the Gascon sees. He was the third son of Sancho I ...
(989 – post 998) *Seguin (post 1000) *Arnold (1022) *Islo (1022–1026) * Geoffrey II (1027–1043) *Archambaud de Parthenay (1047–1059) : ndron (1059)*Joscelin de Parthenay (1060 – 19 June 1086) * Amatus (1089 – 22 May 1101)


from 1100 to 1400

*Arnaud Géraud de Cabanac (1103 – 29 April 1131) *Gérard d'Angoulême (de Blaye) (1131–1135), usurper * Geoffrey III (1136 – 18 July 1158) *Raimond de Mareuil (1158– 23 December 1159) *Hardouin (1160 – 4 July 1162) *Bertrand de Montault (July 1162 – 18 December 1173) *
Guillaume I William Longsword (french: Guillaume Longue-Épée, nrf, Willâome de lon Espee, la, Willermus Longa Spata, on, Vilhjálmr Langaspjót; c. 893 – 17 December 942) was the second ruler of Normandy, from 927 until his assassination in 942.Det ...
(1173–1187) *Hélie de Malemort (1188–1207) * Guillaume II (1207 – 13 September 1227) *Géraud de Malemort (1227–1261) *Pierre de Roncevault (23 March 1262 – 11 January 1270) :''Sede Vacante'' (1270 – 4 September 1275) *Simon de Rochechouart (4 September 1275 – 1280) * Guillaume III (1285–c.1287) *Henri de Genève (25 July 1289 – April 1297) :Boson de Salignac (after April 1297 – 22 December 1299) *
Raymond Bertrand de Got Pope Clement V ( la, Clemens Quintus; c. 1264 – 20 April 1314), born Raymond Bertrand de Got (also occasionally spelled ''de Guoth'' and ''de Goth''), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 5 June 1305 to his de ...
(23 December 1299 – 5 June 1305), future Pope Clement V *Arnaud de Canteloup, senior (1305) *Arnaud de Canteloup, junior (28 July 1306 – 26 March 1332) *Pierre de Luc (13 May 1332 – 1345) *Amanieu de Cazes (19 January 1347 – 1348) *Bernard de Cazes (17 September 1348 – 1351) *Amanieu de La Mothe (28 September 1351 – 27 June 1360) *Philippe de Chambarlhac (21 July 1360 – May/June 1361) *Hélie de Salignac (24 September 1361 – 7 May 1378) *Guillaume Bruni (11 February 1379 – after 1411) (Avignon Obedience) *Raimond Bernard de Roqueis (1380 – 15 March 1384) (Roman Obedience) *
Francesco Uguccione Francesco Uguccione (or François Hugotion de Aguzzoni) (died 14 July 1412) was the Archbishop of Bordeaux from 1384 until his death. He was a lawyer from Urbino and a staunch supporter of the King of England in the Hundred Years' War. In his earl ...
(1384–1412), cardinal (Roman Obedience)


from 1400 to 1700

*Jean de Montferrand (1 July 1409 – 1410) *David de Montferrand (1413–1430) *
Pey Berland Blessed Pey Berland (or ''Peyberland'', from ''Pierre Berland''; c. 1380 – January 1458) was the Archbishop of Bordeaux from 1430 until his abdication, during a pivotal time in the history of the city and of Gascony. During his tenure, th ...
(16 October 1430 – 1456) *Blaise Régnier de Gréelle (24 September 1456 – 1467) * Arthur de Montauban (11 January 1465 – March 1478) *André d'Espinay (28 April 1479 – 10 November 1500) *Jean de Foix (9 December 1501 – 25 June 1529) *
Gabriel de Gramont Gabriel de Gramont (1486–1534) was a French Roman Catholic bishop and cardinal. Biography Gabriel de Gramont was born in Gascony in 1486, the son of Roger de Gramont, ''signeur'' of Bidache, and Eléonore de Béarn. His brother, Charles de ...
(1529–1530) *Charles de Gramont (9 March 1530 – 1544) *Jean du Bellay (17 December 1544 – 1553) (Administrator) :Jean de Montluc (3 July 1551 – 1553) *François de Mauny (13 September 1553 – 1558) *Cardinal Jean du Bellay (1558–1560) (Administrator) *Antoine Prévost de Sansac (4 September 1560 – 17 October 1591) *Jean Le Breton (1592–1599) *Cardinal
François d'Escoubleau de Sourdis François d'Escoubleau de Sourdis (25 October 1574 – 1628) was a French Catholic prelate, the Archbishop of Bordeaux and founder of the Irish College there in 1603. Biography He was born at Châtillon-sur-Sèvre in Poitou, the eldest son of F ...
(5 July 1599 – 18 June 1628) *
Henri d'Escoubleau de Sourdis Henri d'Escoubleau de Sourdis, 20 February 1593 to 18 June 1645, was a French naval commander and Archbishop of Bordeaux. Like many churchmen of his day, de Sourdis was a military man as well as a prelate. He fought in the Thirty Years' War an ...
(1629 – 18 June 1645) * Henri de Béthune (1646 – 11 May 1680) * Louis d'Anglure de Bourlemont (6 September 1680 – 9 November 1697) *
Armand Bazin de Bezons Armand refer to: People * Armand (name), list of people with this name *Armand (photographer) (1901–1963), Armenian photographer *Armand (singer) (1946–2015), Dutch protest singer *Sean Armand (born 1991), American basketball player *Armand, ...
(1698-1719)


since 1700

*François Élie de Voyer de Paulmy d'Argenson (1719-1728) *François Honoré de Casaubon de Maniban (1729-1743) *Louis-Jacques d'Audibert de Lussan (1743-1769) * Ferdinand de Rohan-Guémené (26 December 1769 – 28 January 1781) * Jérôme-Marie Champion de Cicé (28 January 1781 – 8 October 1801) ::*Pierre Pacareau (14 March 1791 – 1797) (Constitutional Metropolitan of 'Sud-Ouest') ::*Dominique Lacombe (24 December 1797 – 1801) (Constitutional Metropolitan) * Charles-François d'Aviau Du Bois de Sanzay (9 April 1802 – 11 July 1826) *
Jean-Louis Lefebvre de Cheverus Jean-Louis Anne Madelain Lefebvre de Cheverus (also known as John Cheverus) (28 January 1768 – 19 July 1836) was a French Roman Catholic bishop and later cardinal. He was the first Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Boston, Massachusetts ...
(30 July 1826 – 19 July 1836) * François Donnet (30 November 1836 – 23 December 1882) *
Aimé-Victor-François Guilbert Aimé-Victor-François Guilbert (15 November 1812 – 16 August 1889) was a French prelate of the Catholic Church who became a bishop in 1867. He was Bishop of Gap from 1867 to 1879, then Bishop of Amiens until 1883, and then Archbishop of Borde ...
(5 June 1883 – 15 August 1889) * Victor-Lucien-Sulpice Lécot (3 June 1890 – 19 December 1908) * Pierre Andrieu (2 January 1909 – 14 February 1935) *
Maurice Feltin Maurice Feltin (15 May 1883 – 27 September 1975) was a French Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Paris from 1949 to 1966, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1953 by Pope Pius XII. Biography Born in Delle, ...
(16 December 1935 – 15 August 1949) *
Paul Marie André Richaud Paul-Marie-André Richaud (16 April 1887 – 5 February 1968) was a French Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was Archbishop of Bordeaux from 1950 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1958. Biography Paul Richaud was ...
(10 February 1950 – 5 February 1968) * Marius Maziers (5 February 1968 – 31 May 1989) *
Pierre Eyt Pierre Étienne Louis Eyt S.T.D. (4 June 1934 – 11 June 2001) was a French cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and Metropolitan Archbishop of Bordeaux and Bazas. Early life and priesthood He was born in Laruns, France as the son of Je ...
(31 May 1989 – 11 June 2001 ) *
Jean-Pierre Ricard Jean-Pierre Ricard (born 26 September 1944) is a French prelate of the Catholic Church who was Archbishop of Bordeaux from 2001 to 2019. He has been a cardinal since 2006. He was previously Bishop of Montpellier for five years and before that a ...
(21 December 2001 – 1 October 2019) * Jean-Paul James (14 November 2019 – present)


See also

*
Catholic Church in France , native_name_lang = fr , image = 060806-France-Paris-Notre Dame.jpg , imagewidth = 200px , alt = , caption = Cathedral Notre-Dame de Paris , abbreviation = , type ...


Notes and references

;Notes ;References


Sources


Reference works

* (Use with caution; obsolete) * (in Latin) * (in Latin) * * * * * * * *


Studies

* * * * * * *Lainé, Françoise (ed.) (2012): ''Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae. Répertoire prosopographique des évêques, dignitaires et chanoines des diocèses de France de 1200 à 1500. XIII. Diocèse de Bordeaux''. Turnhout, Brepols * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Bordeaux, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Roman Catholic dioceses in France Gironde